Question 1

In relation to Independent v.Interdependent Self-Construal Theory,which one of the following is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Start with the idea that American culture is individualistic and Asian cultures,especially Japan,are collectivistic. 
B) Recent studies often do not find that Americans are more individualistic and Japanese are more collectivistic. 
C) Matsumoto,Kudoh,and Takeuchi (Matsumoto,Kudoh,& Takeuchi,1996)administered an individualism-collectivism scale to Japanese university students,and based on their scores classified the participants as either individualists or collectivists 
D) American and Japanese cultures are the same with respect to the theory 
A) Start with the idea that American culture is individualistic and Asian cultures,especially Japan,are collectivistic. 
B) Recent studies often do not find that Americans are more individualistic and Japanese are more collectivistic. 
C) Matsumoto,Kudoh,and Takeuchi (Matsumoto,Kudoh,& Takeuchi,1996)administered an individualism-collectivism scale to Japanese university students,and based on their scores classified the participants as either individualists or collectivists 
D) American and Japanese cultures are the same with respect to the theory

Question 2

______ (Ross,1977): The subjects in this study inferred a pro-Castro attitude even when they were explicitly told was assigned to write a pro-Castro essay and no choice was given.The subjects ignored these situational constraints and erroneously drew inferences about the author's disposition.

Accepted Answer

A) Attribution fallacy 
B) Fundamental attribution error 
C) Dispositional causes 
D) Attribution styles 
A) Attribution fallacy 
B) Fundamental attribution error 
C) Dispositional causes 
D) Attribution styles

Question 3

Is the following statement true or false?
Attributions are the inferences people make about the causes of events and their own and others' behaviors.Attributions represent the ways we understand the world around us and the behavior of others.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which explains collectivistic cultures correctly?

Accepted Answer

A) It is the "fundamental connectedness of human beings" 
B) The different demands that cultures place on individual members mean that individuals integrate,synthesize,and coordinate their worlds differently,producing differences in self-concepts. 
C) People in collectivistic cultures focus on their interdependent status with other people and strive to meet or even create duties and social responsibilities 
D) All of them are correct 
A) It is the "fundamental connectedness of human beings" 
B) The different demands that cultures place on individual members mean that individuals integrate,synthesize,and coordinate their worlds differently,producing differences in self-concepts. 
C) People in collectivistic cultures focus on their interdependent status with other people and strive to meet or even create duties and social responsibilities 
D) All of them are correct

Question 5

Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A) Cultural worldviews are ideological belief systems about the world. 
B) Cultural worldviews are also fabricated and given meaning by people's minds 
C) One of the goals of these cultural worldviews is to raise human existence above nature so that meaning can be drawn from life. 
D) Cultural worldviews focus on the similarities of cultural norms 
A) Cultural worldviews are ideological belief systems about the world. 
B) Cultural worldviews are also fabricated and given meaning by people's minds 
C) One of the goals of these cultural worldviews is to raise human existence above nature so that meaning can be drawn from life. 
D) Cultural worldviews focus on the similarities of cultural norms

Question 6

Which one is not a characteristic of American society based on the independent vs.interdependent self-construal theory?

Accepted Answer

A) Americans in the USA have been socialized to uniquely express themselves 
B) Americans in the USA have been socialized to realize and actualize the inner self 
C) Americans in the USA have been socialized to promote their personal goals 
D) Americans in the USA have been socialized to consider group achievements 
A) Americans in the USA have been socialized to uniquely express themselves 
B) Americans in the USA have been socialized to realize and actualize the inner self 
C) Americans in the USA have been socialized to promote their personal goals 
D) Americans in the USA have been socialized to consider group achievements

Question 7

Which of the following self-concepts do you think is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Self-concepts are rooted in cultural worldviews 
B) Self-concepts differ in different cultures 
C) The differences in self-concepts occur because different cultures are associated with different systems of living 
D) Self-concepts do not exist within different social and economic environments and natural habitats 
A) Self-concepts are rooted in cultural worldviews 
B) Self-concepts differ in different cultures 
C) The differences in self-concepts occur because different cultures are associated with different systems of living 
D) Self-concepts do not exist within different social and economic environments and natural habitats

Question 8

Which of the following is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A) The concept of self is part of one's cultural worldviews because in relation to the rest of the world,the self is an intimate part of one's culture 
B) The concept of self is also a cognitive generalization about one's nature 
C) Cultural worldviews influence the construction of the self as a cognitive generalization derived from past experiences that organize and guide the processing of social experiences 
D) Cultural worldviews do not aid in addressing needs for affiliation and uniqueness,and (do not explain the importance of understanding values as guiding principles as an important part of culture 
A) The concept of self is part of one's cultural worldviews because in relation to the rest of the world,the self is an intimate part of one's culture 
B) The concept of self is also a cognitive generalization about one's nature 
C) Cultural worldviews influence the construction of the self as a cognitive generalization derived from past experiences that organize and guide the processing of social experiences 
D) Cultural worldviews do not aid in addressing needs for affiliation and uniqueness,and (do not explain the importance of understanding values as guiding principles as an important part of culture

Question 9

If you fail an exam,you may attribute your failure to a poorly constructed test,lousy teaching,distractions,or a bad week at home.This is an example of ____________.If you ace an exam,however,you are more likely to attribute your success to effort,intelligence,or ability to _____________.

Accepted Answer

A) Situational causes,dispositional causes 
B) Individual differences,misunderstanding 
C) Dispositional causes,effect 
D) Situational result,dispositional influence 
A) Situational causes,dispositional causes 
B) Individual differences,misunderstanding 
C) Dispositional causes,effect 
D) Situational result,dispositional influence

Question 10

The idea that people of different cultures all self-enhance,but choose to do it in different ways is ____________________.

Accepted Answer

A) Self-effacement 
B) Independent construal of self 
C) Tactical self-enhancement 
D) Cultural identity 
A) Self-effacement 
B) Independent construal of self 
C) Tactical self-enhancement 
D) Cultural identity

Question 11

Which one of the following statements is true of false?
Triandis suggested that individuals sampled different self-construals depending on the specific context in which they were.Thus,people in individualistic settings may sample their private self more than their public or collective self,whereas people in collectivistic settings may sample their collective self more than their private or public self.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Terror management theory would suggest that self-enhancement is a universal psychological process,and that individuals will universally work to bolster their self-esteem.Is the statement true or not?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Attribution research is the distinction between internal and external attributions.Internal attributions specify the cause of behavior within a person; these are also known as dispositional attributions,because they are attributions about people's dispositions.

Accepted Answer

A) Dispositional attributions 
B) Situational dispositions 
C) Attribution fallacy 
D) Misinterpretation 
A) Dispositional attributions 
B) Situational dispositions 
C) Attribution fallacy 
D) Misinterpretation

Question 14

Triandis (Triandis,1989)proposed the existence of three types of selves :

Accepted Answer

A) The private,public,and collective self 
B) Traditional self,and identity 
C) Individual self and collective self 
D) Private self and non-private self 
A) The private,public,and collective self 
B) Traditional self,and identity 
C) Individual self and collective self 
D) Private self and non-private self

Question 15

Sampson (1988)has referred to the sense of self in mainstream approaches as ''_____________,'' contrasting it with what he termed ''______________,'' in which the boundary between self and others is less sharply drawn and
Others are part of oneself.Fill in the blanks respectively.

Accepted Answer

A) Self-contained individualism,ensembled individualism 
B) Interdependent self,self-contained individualism 
C) Ensembled individualism,independent self 
D) None of the above 
A) Self-contained individualism,ensembled individualism 
B) Interdependent self,self-contained individualism 
C) Ensembled individualism,independent self 
D) None of the above

Question 16

Concerning the interdependent construal of the self,individuals may

Accepted Answer

A) Depend primarily on whether they can fit in and be part of a relevant ongoing relationship 
B) Focus on their interdependent status with other people 
C) Strive to meet or even create duties,obligations,and social responsibilities. 
D) Verify and confirm them in private through social comparison. 
A) Depend primarily on whether they can fit in and be part of a relevant ongoing relationship 
B) Focus on their interdependent status with other people 
C) Strive to meet or even create duties,obligations,and social responsibilities. 
D) Verify and confirm them in private through social comparison.

Question 17

____ refers to the social groups of which an individual sees himself or herself to be a part.All individuals have multiple _________ because of the multiple social roles we play.What does this refer to.

Accepted Answer

A) Self-reliance 
B) Collaboration 
C) Self-reflection 
D) Identity 
A) Self-reliance 
B) Collaboration 
C) Self-reflection 
D) Identity

Question 18

Is the following statement true or false?
Cultural worldviews are Belief systems about one's culture

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

This is critically important and integral to determining our own thoughts,feelings,and actions,and to how we view the world,ourselves,and others in that world,including our relationships with other people,places,things,and events.What is this?

Accepted Answer

A) A sense of self 
B) Understanding other's personality 
C) A sense of others 
D) A sense of public 
A) A sense of self 
B) Understanding other's personality 
C) A sense of others 
D) A sense of public

Question 20

Is the following true or false?
This curious finding (what finding?)is well supported in other studies.For example,Matsumoto,Weissman,and colleagues (1997)compared ratings of collectivistic tendencies in interpersonal interactions of Japanese Americans with those of Japanese nationals in Japan.there doesn't seem anything to determine if it's T/F

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

In relation to Independent v.Interdependent Self-Construal Theory,which one of the following is false?

______ (Ross,1977): The subjects in this study inferred a pro-Castro attitude even when they were explicitly told was assigned to write a pro-Castro essay and no choice was given.The subjects ignored these situational constraints and erroneously drew inferences about the author's disposition.

Is the following statement true or false? Attributions are the inferences people make about the causes of events and their own and others' behaviors.Attributions represent the ways we understand the world around us and the behavior of others.

Which explains collectivistic cultures correctly?

Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

Which one is not a characteristic of American society based on the independent vs.interdependent self-construal theory?

Which of the following self-concepts do you think is false?

Which of the following is incorrect?

If you fail an exam,you may attribute your failure to a poorly constructed test,lousy teaching,distractions,or a bad week at home.This is an example of .If you ace an exam,however,you are more likely to attribute your success to effort,intelligence,or ability to _.

The idea that people of different cultures all self-enhance,but choose to do it in different ways is ____________________.

Terror management theory would suggest that self-enhancement is a universal psychological process,and that individuals will universally work to bolster their self-esteem.Is the statement true or not?

Attribution research is the distinction between internal and external attributions.Internal attributions specify the cause of behavior within a person; these are also known as dispositional attributions,because they are attributions about people's dispositions.

Triandis (Triandis,1989)proposed the existence of three types of selves :

Sampson (1988)has referred to the sense of self in mainstream approaches as ''_,'' contrasting it with what he termed ''__,'' in which the boundary between self and others is less sharply drawn and Others are part of oneself.Fill in the blanks respectively.

Concerning the interdependent construal of the self,individuals may

refers to the social groups of which an individual sees himself or herself to be a part.All individuals have multiple _____ because of the multiple social roles we play.What does this refer to.

Is the following statement true or false? Cultural worldviews are Belief systems about one's culture

This is critically important and integral to determining our own thoughts,feelings,and actions,and to how we view the world,ourselves,and others in that world,including our relationships with other people,places,things,and events.What is this?

An Introduction to Culture and Psychology

Cross Cultural Research Methods

Enculturation

Culture and Developmental Processes

Culture and Cognition

Culture and Gender

Culture and Health

Culture and Emotion

Culture Language and Communication

Culture and Personality

Culture and Abnormal Psychology

Culture and the Treatment of Abnormal Behavior

Culture and Social Behavior

Culture and Organizations

Filters

Exam 13: Culture and Social Behavior Self and Identity

In relation to Independent v.Interdependent Self-Construal Theory,which one of the following is false?

______ (Ross,1977): The subjects in this study inferred a pro-Castro attitude even when they were explicitly told was assigned to write a pro-Castro essay and no choice was given.The subjects ignored these situational constraints and erroneously drew inferences about the author's disposition.

Is the following statement true or false? Attributions are the inferences people make about the causes of events and their own and others' behaviors.Attributions represent the ways we understand the world around us and the behavior of others.

Which explains collectivistic cultures correctly?

Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

Which one is not a characteristic of American society based on the independent vs.interdependent self-construal theory?

Which of the following self-concepts do you think is false?

Which of the following is incorrect?

If you fail an exam,you may attribute your failure to a poorly constructed test,lousy teaching,distractions,or a bad week at home.This is an example of ____________.If you ace an exam,however,you are more likely to attribute your success to effort,intelligence,or ability to _____________.

The idea that people of different cultures all self-enhance,but choose to do it in different ways is ____________________.

Terror management theory would suggest that self-enhancement is a universal psychological process,and that individuals will universally work to bolster their self-esteem.Is the statement true or not?

Attribution research is the distinction between internal and external attributions.Internal attributions specify the cause of behavior within a person; these are also known as dispositional attributions,because they are attributions about people's dispositions.

Triandis (Triandis,1989)proposed the existence of three types of selves :

Sampson (1988)has referred to the sense of self in mainstream approaches as ''_____________,'' contrasting it with what he termed ''______________,'' in which the boundary between self and others is less sharply drawn and Others are part of oneself.Fill in the blanks respectively.

Concerning the interdependent construal of the self,individuals may

____ refers to the social groups of which an individual sees himself or herself to be a part.All individuals have multiple _________ because of the multiple social roles we play.What does this refer to.

Is the following statement true or false? Cultural worldviews are Belief systems about one's culture

This is critically important and integral to determining our own thoughts,feelings,and actions,and to how we view the world,ourselves,and others in that world,including our relationships with other people,places,things,and events.What is this?

An Introduction to Culture and Psychology

Cross Cultural Research Methods

Enculturation

Culture and Developmental Processes

Culture and Cognition

Culture and Gender

Culture and Health

Culture and Emotion

Culture Language and Communication

Culture and Personality

Culture and Abnormal Psychology

Culture and the Treatment of Abnormal Behavior

Culture and Social Behavior

Culture and Organizations

Filters

If you fail an exam,you may attribute your failure to a poorly constructed test,lousy teaching,distractions,or a bad week at home.This is an example of .If you ace an exam,however,you are more likely to attribute your success to effort,intelligence,or ability to _.

Sampson (1988)has referred to the sense of self in mainstream approaches as ''_,'' contrasting it with what he termed ''__,'' in which the boundary between self and others is less sharply drawn and Others are part of oneself.Fill in the blanks respectively.

refers to the social groups of which an individual sees himself or herself to be a part.All individuals have multiple _____ because of the multiple social roles we play.What does this refer to.