Exam 7: Cognition and Problem Solving in the Everyday World

The swan-song phenomenon refers to _______________.

In situations involving interpersonal conflict,older adults are _________ to respond emotionally.

Unlike formal knowledge,tacit knowledge _________________.

Glück and and Bluck (2011) found that,within Western culture,people under the age of 20 were ______ people ages 20 and beyond to emphasize the affective aspects of wisdom.

In medical decision making situations,patients diagnosed with a disease that can be treated in more than one way must often decide which treatment to select.What is the difference between a bottom-up processing strategy and a top-down processing strategy that the patient can use to make the decision? Which strategy is used more frequently by older adults?

Older adults who serve as jurors in a complex civil trial are most likely to make evidence-based decisions and appropriate compensation awards to plaintiffs when the judge provides instructions explaining legal concepts _________________.

When forming impressions of other people (targets),individuals (perceivers) can use category-based operations or piecemeal operations.Define each type of operation and describe which one is used more often by older adults.

The fundamental attribution error refers to the common finding that when people make attributions for social outcomes involving others (targets),they overemphasize ________ factors.

Postformal thought ________________.

Schaie and Willis' reorganizational stage of cognitive development occurs in _____.

In a study on decisions about medical treatment,Turk-Charles et al.asked young and older adults attending an outpatient oncology clinic what information they used in deciding which cancer treatment to select.Which of the following most accurately describes what Turk-Charles et al.found?

Formal operations are best used when there is a need to _____________.

According to Ardelt,Western implicit theories of wisdom tend to emphasize _____ whereas Eastern implicit theories of wisdom tend to emphasize ______.

Schaie proposed a stage model of cognitive/intellectual development.In the (reintegrative) stage,the main emphasis is on ______________.

Let's say you rent a movie and it turns out to be extremely boring and unlikely to get any more interesting but you continue watching it to the end anyhow.This is an example of _____________.

Wise individuals _______________.

Older adults often see themselves as ______ at problem solving and ______ at memory.

Individuals are more likely to give wise advice when it comes to solving dilemmas faced by people in their own age group rather than dilemmas faced by people in a different age group.

Compared to young perceivers,older perceivers place _______ on the diagnostic value of a target's behaviors.

When making a decision about which breast cancer treatment a woman should select,older women were more likely than younger women to ________________.