Exam 1: Approaches to Understanding Emotions

Which fundamental emotions occur in the soul according to René Descartes?

The term ______ refers to a state that typically lasts for hours, days, or weeks, sometimes as a low- intensity background.

In the 1970s and 1980s Alice Isen studied how happiness influences people's perception of the world. Based on findings from numerous studies, Isen concluded that happiness impacts cognition in which one of the following ways?

Greek doctors such as Hippocrates and Galen thought that disease was caused by an imbalance among the humors, with an increase of each humor giving rise to a distinct emotional state. Hope and vigor were thought to derive from an excess of:

Charles Darwin asked two broad questions that still guide emotion researchers today. These questions included:

The physiological approach to emotions is associated with which one of the following scholars?

The opposite of empathy is:

For understanding emotions, sociologist Erving Goffman's most instructive work is perhaps the essay "Fun in games". In this essay Goffman contends that happiness emerges when people:

Greek doctors such as Hippocrates and Galen thought that disease was caused by an imbalance among the humors, with an increase of each humor giving rise to a distinct emotional state. Placidity was thought to derive from an excess of:

One could say the Epicureans and Stoics were the first emotion researchers in the West. The Epicureans taught that one should:

The psychotherapeutic approach assumes which of the following to be true?

According to George Eliot, literary art is important to the emotions because novels encourage readers to:

According to William James, the core of an emotion is:

One could say the Epicureans and Stoics were the first emotion researchers in the West. The Stoics taught that one should:

According to Darwin (1872) an emotional expression that uses the blood vessels expresses which one of the following emotions?

According to Aristotle, tragic drama impacts people in important ways. Notably, when people are at the theater they:

The philosophical approach to emotions is associated with which one of the following scholars?

Sociologist Arlie Hochschild observed how "feeling rules" were instructed to Delta Airlines cabin staff as part of their training regimen. The "feeling rules" associated with this occupation:

Tania Singer and her collaborators (2004) assessed brain activity while volunteers experienced a painful electric shock and compared it to that elicited when they observed a signal indicating that their loved one - present in the same room - was receiving a similar shock. Singer et al. found that when a participant felt pain ____________ whereas when a participant was signaled that their loved one experienced pain ____________.