Exam 12: Environmental Protection and Negative Externalities

If market-oriented environmental tools offer a mechanism or providing either the same environmental protection at lower cost, or providing a greater degree of environmental protection for the same cost, then this _______ will arise for _______.

Around the world, the cities with the dirtiest air and water are typically found in _______.

Marketable permits can be viewed as a form of improved _______.

Which of the following would be classified as a situation where a third party benefits from a market transaction by others?

The number of people served by advanced wastewater treatment plants doubled between 1968 and the mid-1990s, but because the treatment plants _______, the quantity of waste emitted into the water after treatment _______.

Environmentalist groups act to directly reduce of emissions by

The refundable charge of 5 or 10 cents for returning recyclable cans and bottles works like

If you are highly asthmatic, then having high levels of industrial air pollutants waft over your house every day

A pollution charge gives the trucking industry an incentive to reduce its emissions, as long as the of reducing the emissions is _______.

Certain schools of economic thought suggest that a _______ would reduce pollution in a _______, when compared to command-and-control regulation.

As environmental protection increases,

Briefly explain what would happen if parties imposing a negative externality on others had to take the board social cost into account.

Which of the following have historically been more willing to sacrifice their environmental quality for some additional economic output?

Market-oriented environmental policies are_______ , and _______ will work better in some situations than in others.

A beekeeper decides to locate her business on a plot of land that is between an apple orchard and an elementary school. A negative externality that can result is

Bulgaria primarily produces two goods, nesting dolls and grapes. The production of both goods primarily requires labor. The following table shows possible combinations of nesting dolls and grapes. Suppose Bulgaria prefers grapes. Which of the following points is better?

Why was the Clean Air Act amended in 1990?

Traditionally, policies for environmental protection in the U.S. have focused on _______ Pollutant could be emitted.

While the traditional approach of U.S. government policies for environmental protection has had some level of success, some economists are proposing a change to

Kip and Yale run separate mining companies in the same forest. Both pollute the river flowing through the forest with debris from their work. In the table below, the first row shows the current level of debris that makes its way into the river from their work. The following table set out information that show how much it would cost each company to reduce its pollution by additional Increments of 10 pounds. If a system of tradable permits is introduced, the total cost of cutting current debris in half is