Question 1

In which way are bacteria and eukaryotes the same?

Accepted Answer

A)  Contain membrane-bound organelles 
B)  Contain a nucleus to hold DNA 
C)  Possess a cell membrane 
D)  Always have a cell wall for rigidity 
A)  Contain membrane-bound organelles 
B)  Contain a nucleus to hold DNA 
C)  Possess a cell membrane 
D)  Always have a cell wall for rigidity

Question 2

Astrobiology is considered a sub-discipline of microbiology because _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  all extraterrestrials known are microbial 
B)  life elsewhere in the universe is likely to be microbial 
C)  only microbes can reproduce under the extreme conditions in outer space 
D)  microbes are known to exist on other planets 
A)  all extraterrestrials known are microbial 
B)  life elsewhere in the universe is likely to be microbial 
C)  only microbes can reproduce under the extreme conditions in outer space 
D)  microbes are known to exist on other planets

Question 3

Microorganisms are best deﬁned as organisms that _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  cause human disease 
B)  are too small to be seen with the unaided eye 
C)  are infectious particles 
D)  can only be found growing in laboratories 
E)  lack a cell nucleus 
A)  cause human disease 
B)  are too small to be seen with the unaided eye 
C)  are infectious particles 
D)  can only be found growing in laboratories 
E)  lack a cell nucleus

Question 4

Which area of biology states that living things undergo gradual structural and functional changes over long periods of time?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phylogeny 
B)  Evolution 
C)  Genetics 
D)  Morphology 
E)  Transformation 
A)  Phylogeny 
B)  Evolution 
C)  Genetics 
D)  Morphology 
E)  Transformation

Question 5

Which of the following historical microbiologists is incorrectly paired with his contribution to the science?

Accepted Answer

A)  Joseph Lister: promoted disinfecting hands and air prior to surgery 
B)  Francesco Redi: tested spontaneous generation with meat exposed to the air or covered with cloth 
C)  Antonie van Leeuwenhoek: made and used quality magnifying lenses to observe and record microorganisms 
D)  Louis Pasteur: demonstrated that anthrax was caused by a bacterium 
A)  Joseph Lister: promoted disinfecting hands and air prior to surgery 
B)  Francesco Redi: tested spontaneous generation with meat exposed to the air or covered with cloth 
C)  Antonie van Leeuwenhoek: made and used quality magnifying lenses to observe and record microorganisms 
D)  Louis Pasteur: demonstrated that anthrax was caused by a bacterium

Question 6

Which of the following pairs of career descriptions and work tasks is not correctly matched?

Accepted Answer

A)  Industrial microbiologist -- manipulate bacterial strains to be less pathogenic 
B)  Medical microbiologist -- identify the cause of a bladder infection at a hospital lab 
C)  Public health microbiologist -- track the incidence of AIDS in a population 
D)  Agricultural microbiologist -- identify bacterial causes of crop disease 
A)  Industrial microbiologist -- manipulate bacterial strains to be less pathogenic 
B)  Medical microbiologist -- identify the cause of a bladder infection at a hospital lab 
C)  Public health microbiologist -- track the incidence of AIDS in a population 
D)  Agricultural microbiologist -- identify bacterial causes of crop disease

Question 7

Koch's postulates are criteria used to establish that ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  a speciﬁc microbe is the cause of a speciﬁc disease 
B)  microbes are found on dust particles 
C)  microbes can be used to clean up toxic spills 
D)  life forms can only arise from preexisting life forms 
E)  a speciﬁc microbe should be classiﬁed in a speciﬁc kingdom 
A)  a speciﬁc microbe is the cause of a speciﬁc disease 
B)  microbes are found on dust particles 
C)  microbes can be used to clean up toxic spills 
D)  life forms can only arise from preexisting life forms 
E)  a speciﬁc microbe should be classiﬁed in a speciﬁc kingdom

Question 8

In the experiments constructed by Pasteur to disprove spontaneous generation, swan-necked ﬂasks were used. Why was this shape of ﬂask used in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because the glass necks were stretched out, the heat used to sterilize the medium inside of the ﬂask could not kill the bacteria in the neck. 
B)  The shape of the glass neck allowed the bacteria into the ﬂask and then into the media, but air could not enter. 
C)  These ﬂask shapes were the easiest and cheapest to produce. 
D)  The glass necks needed to be open to the air, yet constructed so that bacteria would settle in the lowest part of the neck. 
A)  Because the glass necks were stretched out, the heat used to sterilize the medium inside of the ﬂask could not kill the bacteria in the neck. 
B)  The shape of the glass neck allowed the bacteria into the ﬂask and then into the media, but air could not enter. 
C)  These ﬂask shapes were the easiest and cheapest to produce. 
D)  The glass necks needed to be open to the air, yet constructed so that bacteria would settle in the lowest part of the neck.

Question 9

The sum total of all the microbes in a certain environment is termed the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  microbial niche 
B)  domain 
C)  bioﬁlm 
D)  phylogeny 
E)  microbiome 
A)  microbial niche 
B)  domain 
C)  bioﬁlm 
D)  phylogeny 
E)  microbiome

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a recent discovery that has had a huge impact on the understanding of microbiology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Restriction enzymes 
B)  PCR technique 
C)  Human microbiome project 
D)  Small RNAs 
E)  All are signiﬁcant discoveries. Refer to the text and read about the recent discoveries that have had a huge impact on the 
A)  Restriction enzymes 
B)  PCR technique 
C)  Human microbiome project 
D)  Small RNAs 
E)  All are signiﬁcant discoveries. Refer to the text and read about the recent discoveries that have had a huge impact on the

Question 11

When humans manipulate the genes of microorganisms, the process is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  bioremediation 
B)  taxonomy 
C)  epidemiology 
D)  genetic engineering 
E)  immunology 
A)  bioremediation 
B)  taxonomy 
C)  epidemiology 
D)  genetic engineering 
E)  immunology

Question 12

Caring for patients infected with a new virus requires safety precautions for medical personnel. Choosing appropriate procedures is an example of a/an ______ process.

Accepted Answer

A)  pathogenic 
B)  deductive 
C)  hypothetical 
D)  inductive 
A)  pathogenic 
B)  deductive 
C)  hypothetical 
D)  inductive

Question 13

Which of the following is not a process in the scientiﬁc method?

Accepted Answer

A)  Development of a theory 
B)  Systematic observation 
C)  Formulation of a hypothesis 
D)  Belief in a preconceived idea 
E)  Laboratory experimentation 
A)  Development of a theory 
B)  Systematic observation 
C)  Formulation of a hypothesis 
D)  Belief in a preconceived idea 
E)  Laboratory experimentation

Question 14

Studies of the immune response to an infection caused by microorganisms would be performed by a/an _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  immunologist 
B)  epidemiologist 
C)  hypersensitivity specialist 
D)  geomicrobiologist 
A)  immunologist 
B)  epidemiologist 
C)  hypersensitivity specialist 
D)  geomicrobiologist

Question 15

Trees of life that illustrate the phylogenetic relationships of all organisms were traditionally based on ______; newer methods for determining phylogeny rely on ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleic acid sequences; morphology 
B)  nucleic acid sequences; microbiomes 
C)  morphology; nutritional requirements 
D)  morphology; virology 
E)  morphology; nucleic acid sequences 
A)  nucleic acid sequences; morphology 
B)  nucleic acid sequences; microbiomes 
C)  morphology; nutritional requirements 
D)  morphology; virology 
E)  morphology; nucleic acid sequences

Question 16

Which activity is an example of biotechnology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Egyptians using moldy bread on wounds 
B)  Bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitors 
C)  Public health o?cials monitoring diseases in a community 
D)  A microbiologist using the microscope to view bacteria 
E)  Escherichia coli producing human insulin 
A)  Egyptians using moldy bread on wounds 
B)  Bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitors 
C)  Public health o?cials monitoring diseases in a community 
D)  A microbiologist using the microscope to view bacteria 
E)  Escherichia coli producing human insulin

Question 17

Which scientiﬁc ﬁeld is involved in the identiﬁcation, classiﬁcation, and naming of organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pathology 
B)  Taxonomy 
C)  Epidemiology 
D)  Nomenclature 
E)  Phylogeny 
A)  Pathology 
B)  Taxonomy 
C)  Epidemiology 
D)  Nomenclature 
E)  Phylogeny

Question 18

Many chronic medical conditions have been found to be associated with microbial agents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Select the correct descending taxonomic hierarchy (left to right).

Accepted Answer

A)  Kingdom, domain, phylum 
B)  Family, genus, species 
C)  Genus, species, family 
D)  Class, phylum, order 
E)  Family, order, class 
A)  Kingdom, domain, phylum 
B)  Family, genus, species 
C)  Genus, species, family 
D)  Class, phylum, order 
E)  Family, order, class

Question 20

Which of the following is a scienti?c name?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anthrax 
B)  Streptobacilli 
C)  Streptococcus pyogenes 
D)  Gram-positive streptococcus 
A)  Anthrax 
B)  Streptobacilli 
C)  Streptococcus pyogenes 
D)  Gram-positive streptococcus

Exam 1: The Main Themes of Microbiology

In which way are bacteria and eukaryotes the same?

Astrobiology is considered a sub-discipline of microbiology because _______.

Microorganisms are best deﬁned as organisms that _______.

Which area of biology states that living things undergo gradual structural and functional changes over long periods of time?

Which of the following historical microbiologists is incorrectly paired with his contribution to the science?

Which of the following pairs of career descriptions and work tasks is not correctly matched?

Koch's postulates are criteria used to establish that ______.

In the experiments constructed by Pasteur to disprove spontaneous generation, swan-necked ﬂasks were used. Why was this shape of ﬂask used in this experiment?

The sum total of all the microbes in a certain environment is termed the ______.

Which of the following is NOT a recent discovery that has had a huge impact on the understanding of microbiology?

When humans manipulate the genes of microorganisms, the process is called ______.

Caring for patients infected with a new virus requires safety precautions for medical personnel. Choosing appropriate procedures is an example of a/an ______ process.

Which of the following is not a process in the scientiﬁc method?

Studies of the immune response to an infection caused by microorganisms would be performed by a/an _______.

Trees of life that illustrate the phylogenetic relationships of all organisms were traditionally based on ______; newer methods for determining phylogeny rely on ______.

Which activity is an example of biotechnology?

Which scientiﬁc ﬁeld is involved in the identiﬁcation, classiﬁcation, and naming of organisms?

Many chronic medical conditions have been found to be associated with microbial agents.

Select the correct descending taxonomic hierarchy (left to right).

Which of the following is a scienti?c name?

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing of Microscopic Analysis of Microorganisms

Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

Viruses and Prions

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Microbial Metabolism: the Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Analysis and Genetic Engineering

Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes

Antimicrobial Treatment

Microbe-Human Interactions: Health and Disease

Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Host Defenses Ii: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Diagnosing Infections

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin and Eyes

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Genitourinary System

Microbes and the Environment

Applied Microbiology and Food and Water Safety

Filters

Trees of life that illustrate the phylogenetic relationships of all organisms were traditionally based on ; newer methods for determining phylogeny rely on .