Question 1

Which one of the following elements is likely to exhibit the most violent and rapid reaction with water?

Accepted Answer

A) Na 
B) Rb 
C) Mg 
D) Sr 
E) Cl 2 
A) Na 
B) Rb 
C) Mg 
D) Sr 
E) Cl 2 B

Question 2

Which of the following pairs of elements exhibit similar physical and chemical behaviors ("diagonal relationships")?

Accepted Answer

A) H and Be 
B) Na and Be 
C) Be and Al 
D) B and Mg 
E) Li and Al 
A) H and Be 
B) Na and Be 
C) Be and Al 
D) B and Mg 
E) Li and Al C

Question 3

Which of the following pure substances will not participate in hydrogen bonding?

Accepted Answer

A) CH 3NH 2 
B) CH 3CH 2OCH 2CH 3 
C) CH 3CH 2OH 
D) HF 
E) H 2O 2 
A) CH 3NH 2 
B) CH 3CH 2OCH 2CH 3 
C) CH 3CH 2OH 
D) HF 
E) H 2O 2 B

Question 4

Predict the products for the following set of reactants. Cl2(g) + I−(aq) →

Accepted Answer

A) ICl 
B) ICl 2 
C) ICl 3 
D) I 2 + Cl − 
E) I + Cl 2 − 
A) ICl 
B) ICl 2 
C) ICl 3 
D) I 2 + Cl − 
E) I + Cl 2 −

Question 5

The most basic oxides contain elements from the __________ __________ region of the periodic table.

Accepted Answer

A) upper right 
B) upper left 
C) lower right 
D) lower left 
E) transition element ( d-block) 
A) upper right 
B) upper left 
C) lower right 
D) lower left 
E) transition element ( d-block)

Question 6

The atomic radius of sodium is 186 pm and of chlorine is 100 pm. The ionic radius for Na+ is 102 pm and for Cl− is 181 pm. In going from Na to Cl in Period 3, why does the atomic radius decrease while the ionic radius increases?

Accepted Answer

A) The inner electrons in the sodium cation shield its valence electrons more effectively than the inner electrons in the chloride anion do. 
B) The inner electrons shield the valence electrons more effectively in the chlorine atom than in the chloride anion. 
C) The outermost electrons in chloride experience a smaller effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do. 
D) The outermost electrons in chloride experience a larger effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do. 
E) Monatomic ions are bigger than the atoms from which they are formed. 
A) The inner electrons in the sodium cation shield its valence electrons more effectively than the inner electrons in the chloride anion do. 
B) The inner electrons shield the valence electrons more effectively in the chlorine atom than in the chloride anion. 
C) The outermost electrons in chloride experience a smaller effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do. 
D) The outermost electrons in chloride experience a larger effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do. 
E) Monatomic ions are bigger than the atoms from which they are formed.

Question 7

The basic character of the binary oxides XmOn

Accepted Answer

A) is greatest when X has a low atomic number. 
B) is greatest when X is a nonmetal. 
C) increases as the oxidation number of X increases. 
D) increases as the oxidation number of X decreases. 
E) is unaffected by the oxidation number of X. 
A) is greatest when X has a low atomic number. 
B) is greatest when X is a nonmetal. 
C) increases as the oxidation number of X increases. 
D) increases as the oxidation number of X decreases. 
E) is unaffected by the oxidation number of X.

Question 8

Potassium is a strong reducing agent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The hydride ion

Accepted Answer

A) is a strong acid. 
B) is a strong reducing agent. 
C) is a strong oxidizing agent. 
D) is neither an oxidant nor a reductant. 
E) is found in molecules such as CHCl3. 
A) is a strong acid. 
B) is a strong reducing agent. 
C) is a strong oxidizing agent. 
D) is neither an oxidant nor a reductant. 
E) is found in molecules such as CHCl3.

Question 10

Sulfur hexafluoride is a pollutant responsible for acid rain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Select the element with the lowest first ionization energy.

Accepted Answer

A) Se 
B) S 
C) Sn 
D) Sr 
E) H 
A) Se 
B) S 
C) Sn 
D) Sr 
E) H

Question 12

Certain Period 2 elements exhibit behaviors similar to Period 3 elements immediately below and to the right. One of these interesting diagonal relationships occurs between beryllium and aluminum. Which of the following is one of their differences?

Accepted Answer

A) Some aluminum compounds and all beryllium compounds show significant covalent character in the gas phase. 
B) Beryllium forms bridge bonds in its hydrides while aluminum does not. 
C) Both form oxides that are impervious to reaction with water. 
D) The cations for both strongly polarize nearby electron clouds. 
E) Beryllium occurs in nature as the uncombined element, whereas aluminum does not. 
A) Some aluminum compounds and all beryllium compounds show significant covalent character in the gas phase. 
B) Beryllium forms bridge bonds in its hydrides while aluminum does not. 
C) Both form oxides that are impervious to reaction with water. 
D) The cations for both strongly polarize nearby electron clouds. 
E) Beryllium occurs in nature as the uncombined element, whereas aluminum does not.

Question 13

Boron has 3 valence electrons. Which of the following processes is involved in boron's achieving a complete outer shell?

Accepted Answer

A) Formation of a B 3+ cation 
B) Formation of bridge bonds 
C) Formation of π -bonds using its d-orbitals 
D) Formation of π -bonds using sp 3-orbitals 
E) None of these choices are correct. 
A) Formation of a B 3+ cation 
B) Formation of bridge bonds 
C) Formation of π -bonds using its d-orbitals 
D) Formation of π -bonds using sp 3-orbitals 
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 14

The smallest ionization energies are found in the __________ __________ region of the periodic table.

Accepted Answer

A) upper right 
B) upper left 
C) lower right 
D) lower left 
E) transition element ( d-block) 
A) upper right 
B) upper left 
C) lower right 
D) lower left 
E) transition element ( d-block)

Question 15

One important feature of the chemistry of carbon is

Accepted Answer

A) its large radius that allows other atoms to fit easily around it. 
B) its low electronegativity that allows it to ionize easily. 
C) its amphoteric behavior. 
D) its ability to form multiple bonds with hydrogen. 
E) its ability to catenate. 
A) its large radius that allows other atoms to fit easily around it. 
B) its low electronegativity that allows it to ionize easily. 
C) its amphoteric behavior. 
D) its ability to form multiple bonds with hydrogen. 
E) its ability to catenate.

Question 16

Predict the products for the following set of reactants. Cs(s) + Br2(l) →

Accepted Answer

A) CsBr( s) 
B) CsBr 2( s) 
C) CsBr( l) 
D) CsBr 2( l) 
E) Cs 2Br( s) 
A) CsBr( s) 
B) CsBr 2( s) 
C) CsBr( l) 
D) CsBr 2( l) 
E) Cs 2Br( s)

Question 17

According to the phase diagram of carbon, what pressure and temperature conditions, if any, are needed in order for diamond to be the stable phase?

Accepted Answer

A) Low pressure, low temperature 
B) Low pressure, high temperature 
C) High pressure, low temperature 
D) High pressure, high temperature 
E) Actually, diamond is not stable under any conditions. 
A) Low pressure, low temperature 
B) Low pressure, high temperature 
C) High pressure, low temperature 
D) High pressure, high temperature 
E) Actually, diamond is not stable under any conditions.

Question 18

Predict the products for the reaction of the following set of reactants. MgCO3(s) + heat →

Accepted Answer

A) Mg( s)+ CO( g) 
B) Mg( s)+ CO 2( g) 
C) MgO( s)+ CO( g) 
D) MgO( s)+ CO 2( g) 
E) no reaction 
A) Mg( s)+ CO( g) 
B) Mg( s)+ CO 2( g) 
C) MgO( s)+ CO( g) 
D) MgO( s)+ CO 2( g) 
E) no reaction

Question 19

Thallium can form two oxides, Tl2O and Tl2O3. Which will be the more basic substance?

Accepted Answer

A) Tl 2O 
B) Tl 2O 3 
C) They have the same strength as bases. 
D) Neither compound has any acidic or basic properties. 
E) More information is needed to make an accurate prediction. 
A) Tl 2O 
B) Tl 2O 3 
C) They have the same strength as bases. 
D) Neither compound has any acidic or basic properties. 
E) More information is needed to make an accurate prediction.

Question 20

Certain Period 2 elements exhibit behaviors similar to Period 3 elements immediately below and to the right. One of the interesting diagonal relationships occurs between boron and silicon. Which of the following is one of their similarities?

Accepted Answer

A) Both exhibit electrical properties of a conductor. 
B) The oxoanions of both elements occur in extended ionic networks. 
C) Both elements form compounds (boranes and silanes)that are good oxidizing agents. 
D) Boric acid and silicic acid occur in layers with widespread hydrogen bonding. 
E) Both elements are unusually soft solids. 
A) Both exhibit electrical properties of a conductor. 
B) The oxoanions of both elements occur in extended ionic networks. 
C) Both elements form compounds (boranes and silanes)that are good oxidizing agents. 
D) Boric acid and silicic acid occur in layers with widespread hydrogen bonding. 
E) Both elements are unusually soft solids.

Exam 14: Periodic Patterns in the Main-Group Elements

Which one of the following elements is likely to exhibit the most violent and rapid reaction with water?

Which of the following pairs of elements exhibit similar physical and chemical behaviors ("diagonal relationships")?

Which of the following pure substances will not participate in hydrogen bonding?

Predict the products for the following set of reactants. Cl2(g) + I−(aq) →

The most basic oxides contain elements from the __________ __________ region of the periodic table.

The atomic radius of sodium is 186 pm and of chlorine is 100 pm. The ionic radius for Na+ is 102 pm and for Cl− is 181 pm. In going from Na to Cl in Period 3, why does the atomic radius decrease while the ionic radius increases?

The basic character of the binary oxides XmOn

Potassium is a strong reducing agent.

The hydride ion

Sulfur hexafluoride is a pollutant responsible for acid rain.

Select the element with the lowest first ionization energy.

Certain Period 2 elements exhibit behaviors similar to Period 3 elements immediately below and to the right. One of these interesting diagonal relationships occurs between beryllium and aluminum. Which of the following is one of their differences?

Boron has 3 valence electrons. Which of the following processes is involved in boron's achieving a complete outer shell?

The smallest ionization energies are found in the __________ __________ region of the periodic table.

One important feature of the chemistry of carbon is

Predict the products for the following set of reactants. Cs(s) + Br2(l) →

According to the phase diagram of carbon, what pressure and temperature conditions, if any, are needed in order for diamond to be the stable phase?

Predict the products for the reaction of the following set of reactants. MgCO3(s) + heat →

Thallium can form two oxides, Tl2O and Tl2O3. Which will be the more basic substance?

Certain Period 2 elements exhibit behaviors similar to Period 3 elements immediately below and to the right. One of the interesting diagonal relationships occurs between boron and silicon. Which of the following is one of their similarities?

Keys to the Study of Chemistry: Definitions, Units, and Problem Solving

The Components of Matter

Stoichiometry of Formulas and Equations

Three Major Classes of Chemical Reactions

Gases and the Kinetic-Molecular Theory

Thermochemistry: Energy Flow and Chemical Change

Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure

Electron Configuration and Chemical Periodicity

Models of Chemical Bonding

The Shapes of Molecules

Theories of Covalent Bonding

Intermolecular Forces: Liquids, Solids, and Phase Changes

The Properties of Mixtures: Solutions and Colloids

Organic Compounds and the Atomic Properties of Carbon

Kinetics: Rates and Mechanisms of Chemical Reactions

Equilibrium: the Extent of Chemical Reactions

Acid-Base Equilibria

Ionic Equilibria in Aqueous Systems

Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy, and Reaction Direction

Electrochemistry: Chemical Change and Electrical Work

The Elements in Nature and Industry

Transition Elements and Their Coordination Compounds

Nuclear Reactions and Their Applications

Filters

Predict the products for the following set of reactants. Cl₂(g) + I⁻(aq) →

The most basic oxides contain elements from the region of the periodic table.

The atomic radius of sodium is 186 pm and of chlorine is 100 pm. The ionic radius for Na⁺ is 102 pm and for Cl⁻ is 181 pm. In going from Na to Cl in Period 3, why does the atomic radius decrease while the ionic radius increases?

The basic character of the binary oxides X_mO_n

The smallest ionization energies are found in the region of the periodic table.

Predict the products for the following set of reactants. Cs(s) + Br₂(l) →

Predict the products for the reaction of the following set of reactants. MgCO₃(s) + heat →

Thallium can form two oxides, Tl₂O and Tl₂O₃. Which will be the more basic substance?