Exam 13: Global Issues in Juvenile Justice

Regardless of the limitations in data collection and measurement and regardless of whether we can adequately compare juvenile systems around the world, one thing is clear-delinquency is a growing problem around the world.

With the exception of Germany, juvenile gangs exist in Europe but are not the focus of as much media attention.

Mexican juvenile gangs are typically composed of youths from ______ urban neighborhoods.

In both areas of ______, urbanization and economic factors have been considered as primary contributors to the emerging gang problem.

The CRC was different from the Beijing Rules because it was ______ upon member nations who signed this document.

There is one single common variable that tends to emerge among all countries that report serious increases in delinquency, ______.

The effects of ______ have impacted the juvenile justice arena-just as they have numerous other areas of criminal justice operations.

Africa, in general, is characterized by a great deal of political instability and corruption, this is particularly true in nations such as Nigeria, Dakar, and Senegal.

The ______ is a comprehensive document describing juvenile delinquency around the world.

Globally, delinquent subcultures reflect the attempts of youth to resolve challenges presented by society.

It has even been speculated that delinquency is simply a natural by-product of ______ in developed countries.

______ refers to the increased connectivity and interdependence that has evolved among countries; this sense of interconnection has been fostered by technological advances as well as cultural shifts.

The most noticeable trends in ______ are the rise in the number of violent acts committed by young people, the increase in drug-related offenses, and the marked growth of female juvenile delinquency.

Compare the patterns of delinquency among various regions of the world.

Youth gangs in ______ tend to be traditional youth who have embraced neo-Nazi ideologies, largely in reaction to the immigration of Eastern Europeans and other foreigners into that country.

______ is noted as having the largest gang member population in Central America.

Compare and contrast the characteristics of juvenile offenders globally.

Nations such as Germany, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Japan have long histories of integrating restorative justice techniques into their official response to problems with delinquency.

Juvenile delinquency in ______ is on the rise, with the primary offenses being theft, robbery, smuggling, prostitution, the abuse of narcotic substances, and drug trafficking among young offenders.

Discuss juvenile gang formation in various areas of the world.