Question 1

Evolutionary psychology might suggest that certain cognitive strategies and goals are built into the brain because

Accepted Answer

A)  they help humans adapt to their natural environment. 
B)  human brains are similar to the brains of the higher primates. 
C)  they are the result of learning that has taken place over many centuries. 
D)  they are the result of memories we have inherited from our ancestors. 
E)  they are prewired to help us achieve self-actualization during our lifetimes. 
A)  they help humans adapt to their natural environment. 
B)  human brains are similar to the brains of the higher primates. 
C)  they are the result of learning that has taken place over many centuries. 
D)  they are the result of memories we have inherited from our ancestors. 
E)  they are prewired to help us achieve self-actualization during our lifetimes.

Question 2

If a functionalist from the 1870s were alive today, where would we most likely find him?

Accepted Answer

A)  in a laboratory, studying principles of perception 
B)  in a school, working to improve teaching methods 
C)  in a mountain retreat, contemplating the meaning of life 
D)  in a sleep laboratory, trying to determine if our need for sleep is biologically based 
E)  in a hospital doing research into the neurochemicals that have survived various "levels" of human evolution 
A)  in a laboratory, studying principles of perception 
B)  in a school, working to improve teaching methods 
C)  in a mountain retreat, contemplating the meaning of life 
D)  in a sleep laboratory, trying to determine if our need for sleep is biologically based 
E)  in a hospital doing research into the neurochemicals that have survived various "levels" of human evolution

Question 3

When a highly flawed study was published linking autism to childhood vaccinations, many parents of children with autism felt that they had finally found their answer to why their child had this condition. No amount of contradictory research could sway their minds, as they only attended to the initial study. This is an example of a belief being maintained by the ________ bias.

Accepted Answer

A)  means-end 
B)  representativeness 
C)  availability 
D)  confirmation 
E)  exclamatory 
A)  means-end 
B)  representativeness 
C)  availability 
D)  confirmation 
E)  exclamatory

Question 4

Functionalists were interested in the function of ________ in dealing with the problems of everyday living.

Accepted Answer

A)  family and friends 
B)  consciousness 
C)  stress reduction techniques 
D)  drugs 
E)  professional therapists 
A)  family and friends 
B)  consciousness 
C)  stress reduction techniques 
D)  drugs 
E)  professional therapists

Question 5

In a couple of paragraphs, describe how an experiment could be designed to determine whether Ritalin is effective in treating attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Be sure to state what the independent variable, dependent variable, experimental group, and control group would be in this study.

Accepted Answer

The student must have one group of peopl

Question 6

If obese people tend to whistle less than slender people, what kind of correlation would be expected between weight and the tendency to whistle?

Accepted Answer

A)  zero 
B)  positive 
C)  negative 
D)  random 
E)  minimal 
A)  zero 
B)  positive 
C)  negative 
D)  random 
E)  minimal

Question 7

A scientist who studies the strategies involved in playing a game of chess is most likely to follow a(n) ________ approach to psychology.

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive 
B)  humanistic 
C)  behavioristic 
D)  evolutionary 
E)  psychoanalytic 
A)  cognitive 
B)  humanistic 
C)  behavioristic 
D)  evolutionary 
E)  psychoanalytic

Question 8

If you could measure the height of each student in your introductory psychology class and the amount of money that each person has in their pockets right now, you would expect to find

Accepted Answer

A)  a zero correlation. 
B)  a positive correlation. 
C)  a negative correlation. 
D)  that taller people have more money. 
E)  that shorter people have more money. 
A)  a zero correlation. 
B)  a positive correlation. 
C)  a negative correlation. 
D)  that taller people have more money. 
E)  that shorter people have more money.

Question 9

Professor Golder is studying hyperactivity in preschool age children. She is concerned that differences in child rearing, diet, and so forth may affect her results. To minimize these potential preexisting variables, she should be sure to do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Use random assignment when forming her groups. 
B)  Include an independent variable. 
C)  Include a dependent variable. 
D)  Assign boys to the experimental group and girls to the control group. 
E)  Include multiple confounding variables. 
A)  Use random assignment when forming her groups. 
B)  Include an independent variable. 
C)  Include a dependent variable. 
D)  Assign boys to the experimental group and girls to the control group. 
E)  Include multiple confounding variables.

Question 10

Jones is an industrial/organizational (I/O) psychologist. Thus, she is most likely to do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Help individuals who have eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa. 
B)  Conduct experiments to determine which studying strategies work best. 
C)  Diagnose learning disabilities within a school district. 
D)  Assist an athlete in creating an effective schedule of practice sessions. 
E)  Help companies develop questions to ask job candidates. 
A)  Help individuals who have eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa. 
B)  Conduct experiments to determine which studying strategies work best. 
C)  Diagnose learning disabilities within a school district. 
D)  Assist an athlete in creating an effective schedule of practice sessions. 
E)  Help companies develop questions to ask job candidates.

Question 11

Based on his classroom experiences and everyday observations, Dr. McGinty believes that those students sitting in the front row of a classroom get higher grades than those sitting in rows further back. His belief is an example of a

Accepted Answer

A)  method. 
B)  theory. 
C)  stimulus event. 
D)  correlation coefficient. 
E)  dependent variable. 
A)  method. 
B)  theory. 
C)  stimulus event. 
D)  correlation coefficient. 
E)  dependent variable.

Question 12

Jose is in a study to measure the effects of caffeine on mental performance. If Jose is given a caffeine-free beverage that tastes just like a beverage with caffeine, we would say that he is

Accepted Answer

A)  in the experimental group. 
B)  in a correlational study. 
C)  receiving a placebo. 
D)  receiving the dependent variable. 
E)  participating in introspection research. 
A)  in the experimental group. 
B)  in a correlational study. 
C)  receiving a placebo. 
D)  receiving the dependent variable. 
E)  participating in introspection research.

Question 13

If a study finds that there is a negative correlation between exercise and blood pressure, this would most likely indicate that

Accepted Answer

A)  exercise could be dangerous in terms of our blood pressure. 
B)  blood pressure changes alter our exercise patterns. 
C)  the more we exercise, the higher our blood pressure becomes. 
D)  exercise causes our blood pressure to rise. 
E)  people who exercise more tend to have a lower blood pressure. 
A)  exercise could be dangerous in terms of our blood pressure. 
B)  blood pressure changes alter our exercise patterns. 
C)  the more we exercise, the higher our blood pressure becomes. 
D)  exercise causes our blood pressure to rise. 
E)  people who exercise more tend to have a lower blood pressure.

Question 14

Noted Greek philosophers such as Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle observed that

Accepted Answer

A)  brain damage contributed to most mental disorders. 
B)  emotions were caused by changes in brain chemistry. 
C)  "truth" was determined by careful testing procedures. 
D)  emotions can distort thinking. 
E)  emotions were not worthy of scientific discussion. 
A)  brain damage contributed to most mental disorders. 
B)  emotions were caused by changes in brain chemistry. 
C)  "truth" was determined by careful testing procedures. 
D)  emotions can distort thinking. 
E)  emotions were not worthy of scientific discussion.

Question 15

What is the best analogy for Wundt's and Titchener's mission for psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  a chart listing the basic chemical elements 
B)  a list of the courses required for graduation 
C)  an umbrella keeping you dry in a storm 
D)  a computer program used for writing a term paper 
E)  a traffic light that alternates colors on a predictable time schedule 
A)  a chart listing the basic chemical elements 
B)  a list of the courses required for graduation 
C)  an umbrella keeping you dry in a storm 
D)  a computer program used for writing a term paper 
E)  a traffic light that alternates colors on a predictable time schedule

Question 16

Ruth is concerned that her 68-year-old husband Joe has been having increasing memory lapses lately, and occasionally seems confused as to where he is and what he is doing. She knows that there is a history of Alzheimer's disease in his family, so she wants to arrange an evaluation to see about his mental health. Ruth would be best advised to contact a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  community psychologist. 
B)  geropsychologist. 
C)  forensic psychologist. 
D)  medical behaviorist. 
E)  environmental psychologist. 
A)  community psychologist. 
B)  geropsychologist. 
C)  forensic psychologist. 
D)  medical behaviorist. 
E)  environmental psychologist.

Question 17

One evening, when he couldn't sleep, Mr. Bradley turned on the television and saw an infomercial for a new sleep aid. As a critical thinker, Mr. Bradley should be most cautious about this new product if

Accepted Answer

A)  the product had been subjected to an experimental study and the scrutiny of a peer review process. 
B)  its makers claim it is a breakthrough that has been "proven" to induce sleep in 80 percent of test participants. 
C)  its makers discuss the scientific investigations that have compared it to other effective sleep aids rather than relying on testimonials of those with insomnia. 
D)  the results of research connect the efficacy of the sleep aid to other widely accepted scientific findings. 
E)  the advertisement noted several scientifically controlled studies that all found the same results. 
A)  the product had been subjected to an experimental study and the scrutiny of a peer review process. 
B)  its makers claim it is a breakthrough that has been "proven" to induce sleep in 80 percent of test participants. 
C)  its makers discuss the scientific investigations that have compared it to other effective sleep aids rather than relying on testimonials of those with insomnia. 
D)  the results of research connect the efficacy of the sleep aid to other widely accepted scientific findings. 
E)  the advertisement noted several scientifically controlled studies that all found the same results.

Question 18

Malcolm works for a major pharmaceutical company and is in charge of designing a clinical protocol to study depression. The new medication under investigation has the potential to alleviate the symptoms of depression. Malcolm needs to describe how depression as well as how the improvement of depressive symptoms will be defined in the study in order to recruit the right subjects. In other words, Malcolm needs to provide a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothesis. 
B)  theory. 
C)  operational definition. 
D)  functional definition. 
E)  investigative definition. 
A)  hypothesis. 
B)  theory. 
C)  operational definition. 
D)  functional definition. 
E)  investigative definition.

Question 19

The main idea that defines this perspective is that people change in predictable ways as the influences of heredity and environment unfold over time:

Accepted Answer

A)  engineering 
B)  sociocultural 
C)  developmental 
D)  structuralist 
E)  humanistic 
A)  engineering 
B)  sociocultural 
C)  developmental 
D)  structuralist 
E)  humanistic

Question 20

The ________ approach views the mind, particularly the unconscious mind, as a reservoir of energy for the personality.

Accepted Answer

A)  biological 
B)  sociocultural 
C)  behavioristic 
D)  psychodynamic 
E)  humanistic 
A)  biological 
B)  sociocultural 
C)  behavioristic 
D)  psychodynamic 
E)  humanistic

Evolutionary psychology might suggest that certain cognitive strategies and goals are built into the brain because

If a functionalist from the 1870s were alive today, where would we most likely find him?

Functionalists were interested in the function of ________ in dealing with the problems of everyday living.

If obese people tend to whistle less than slender people, what kind of correlation would be expected between weight and the tendency to whistle?

A scientist who studies the strategies involved in playing a game of chess is most likely to follow a(n) ________ approach to psychology.

If you could measure the height of each student in your introductory psychology class and the amount of money that each person has in their pockets right now, you would expect to find

Professor Golder is studying hyperactivity in preschool age children. She is concerned that differences in child rearing, diet, and so forth may affect her results. To minimize these potential preexisting variables, she should be sure to do which of the following?

Jones is an industrial/organizational (I/O) psychologist. Thus, she is most likely to do which of the following?

Based on his classroom experiences and everyday observations, Dr. McGinty believes that those students sitting in the front row of a classroom get higher grades than those sitting in rows further back. His belief is an example of a

Jose is in a study to measure the effects of caffeine on mental performance. If Jose is given a caffeine-free beverage that tastes just like a beverage with caffeine, we would say that he is

If a study finds that there is a negative correlation between exercise and blood pressure, this would most likely indicate that

Noted Greek philosophers such as Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle observed that

What is the best analogy for Wundt's and Titchener's mission for psychology?

One evening, when he couldn't sleep, Mr. Bradley turned on the television and saw an infomercial for a new sleep aid. As a critical thinker, Mr. Bradley should be most cautious about this new product if

The main idea that defines this perspective is that people change in predictable ways as the influences of heredity and environment unfold over time:

The ________ approach views the mind, particularly the unconscious mind, as a reservoir of energy for the personality.

Biopsychology, Neuroscience, and Human Nature

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Human Nurture

Memory

Thinking and Intelligence

Development Over the Lifespan

States of Consciousness

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Social Psychology

Psychological Disorders

Therapies for Psychological Disorders

Stress, Health, and Well-Being

Filters

Exam 1: Mind, Behavior, and Psychological Science

Evolutionary psychology might suggest that certain cognitive strategies and goals are built into the brain because

If a functionalist from the 1870s were alive today, where would we most likely find him?

Functionalists were interested in the function of ________ in dealing with the problems of everyday living.

If obese people tend to whistle less than slender people, what kind of correlation would be expected between weight and the tendency to whistle?

A scientist who studies the strategies involved in playing a game of chess is most likely to follow a(n) ________ approach to psychology.

If you could measure the height of each student in your introductory psychology class and the amount of money that each person has in their pockets right now, you would expect to find

Professor Golder is studying hyperactivity in preschool age children. She is concerned that differences in child rearing, diet, and so forth may affect her results. To minimize these potential preexisting variables, she should be sure to do which of the following?

Jones is an industrial/organizational (I/O) psychologist. Thus, she is most likely to do which of the following?

Based on his classroom experiences and everyday observations, Dr. McGinty believes that those students sitting in the front row of a classroom get higher grades than those sitting in rows further back. His belief is an example of a

Jose is in a study to measure the effects of caffeine on mental performance. If Jose is given a caffeine-free beverage that tastes just like a beverage with caffeine, we would say that he is

If a study finds that there is a negative correlation between exercise and blood pressure, this would most likely indicate that

Noted Greek philosophers such as Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle observed that

What is the best analogy for Wundt's and Titchener's mission for psychology?

One evening, when he couldn't sleep, Mr. Bradley turned on the television and saw an infomercial for a new sleep aid. As a critical thinker, Mr. Bradley should be most cautious about this new product if

The main idea that defines this perspective is that people change in predictable ways as the influences of heredity and environment unfold over time:

The ________ approach views the mind, particularly the unconscious mind, as a reservoir of energy for the personality.

Biopsychology, Neuroscience, and Human Nature

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Human Nurture

Memory

Thinking and Intelligence

Development Over the Lifespan

States of Consciousness

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Social Psychology

Psychological Disorders

Therapies for Psychological Disorders

Stress, Health, and Well-Being

Filters