Exam 17: Population, Urbanization, and the Environment

During the rapid urbanization of the 19th century, Durkheim asserted that the ______ solidarity of traditional community life would be replaced with the ______ solidarity of modern societies.

Exponential population growth refers to which of the following?

Before the Industrial Revolution, the cities of the past had served primarily as centers of ______.

Some people argue that the population growth should be slowed but extreme measure should not be taken.What are their suggestions to population control?

Sudden modern progress is the result of advancement in living standards and technology.

Which of the following is a major critique of the theory of the first demographic transition?

Provide Louis Wirth's definition of a city.Do you agree with this definition? What, if anything, would you add or change, and why?

Which of the following caused a radical growth in urbanization beginning in the 18th century?

Two thirds of employment growth in the United States has taken place in ______.

The number of countries experiencing below-replacement birth rates ______.

Provide definitions for crude birth rates, crude death rates, age-specific fertility rates, and age-specific mortality rates.Explain why it is important to measure age-specific versus crude rates and when one measure might be used instead of another.

China's population growth is in large part a product of high population momentum.

In his assessment of growth politics, Domhoff raises questions like "Who benefits from the gentrification of urban neighborhoods?" This question reflects which of the following sociological perspectives?

Malthus posited that although the world's population grows exponentially, the ______ does not.As a result, he believed doomsday was on the horizon.

In which of the following ways can a "birth dearth" be problematic for a nation?

Though early sociologists recognized that cities offered opportunities for individuality and creativity, they tended to focus on which of the following?

Megacities are metropolitan areas or cities with a total population of ______ million or more.

British social philosopher Thomas Malthus developed which of the following theories?

Which of the following is true of cities?

Identify three factors that influence life expectancy in a given country.Why does life expectancy vary by gender?