Question 1

An examination of all the many influences on an individual's development is the __________approach.

Accepted Answer

A)  innate 
B)  nature/nurture 
C)  biopsychosocial 
D)  physiological 
A)  innate 
B)  nature/nurture 
C)  biopsychosocial 
D)  physiological

Question 2

What does Rutter propose regarding age as an explanation for behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Individuals tend to respond to the events in their lives in a manner consistent with their age. 
B)  Age alone can typically inform us of the psychological mechanism underlying a developmental phenomenon. 
C)  Age is an ambiguous explanation for behavior. 
D)  Age tells us much about the underlying causal mechanisms for developmental phenomena. 
A)  Individuals tend to respond to the events in their lives in a manner consistent with their age. 
B)  Age alone can typically inform us of the psychological mechanism underlying a developmental phenomenon. 
C)  Age is an ambiguous explanation for behavior. 
D)  Age tells us much about the underlying causal mechanisms for developmental phenomena.

Question 3

A(n) __________ approach to the study of human development focuses on life trends while still allowing investigation of individual differences.

Accepted Answer

A)  modal 
B)  interactive 
C)  normative 
D)  sociobiological 
A)  modal 
B)  interactive 
C)  normative 
D)  sociobiological

Question 4

__________ insisted that children learned best through modeling adults and so did not require direct instruction.

Accepted Answer

A)  Jean-Jacques Rousseau 
B)  Early Christian philosophers 
C)  John Locke 
D)  Greek scholars 
A)  Jean-Jacques Rousseau 
B)  Early Christian philosophers 
C)  John Locke 
D)  Greek scholars

Question 5

Are people in later adulthood less intelligent than younger people?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yes, they tend to be significantly less intelligent. 
B)  No, they tend to be significantly more intelligent. 
C)  On intelligence tests, they score as less intelligent, but we are probably underestimating their abilities. 
D)  There is no data available to answer this question. 
A)  Yes, they tend to be significantly less intelligent. 
B)  No, they tend to be significantly more intelligent. 
C)  On intelligence tests, they score as less intelligent, but we are probably underestimating their abilities. 
D)  There is no data available to answer this question.

Question 6

According to the text author, regardless of the method of investigation, the ultimate question for understanding human behavior is:

Accepted Answer

A)  whether nature or nurture is more important. 
B)  if traits develop continuously or in punctuated time periods. 
C)  why behaviors develop and occur as they do. 
D)  if behavior is adaptive or not. 
A)  whether nature or nurture is more important. 
B)  if traits develop continuously or in punctuated time periods. 
C)  why behaviors develop and occur as they do. 
D)  if behavior is adaptive or not.

Question 7

The __________ versus __________ issue revolves around the question of whether development is more a product of genetic or environmental influences.

Accepted Answer

A)  nature; nurture 
B)  continuous; discontinuous 
C)  biological; psychological 
D)  storm; stress 
A)  nature; nurture 
B)  continuous; discontinuous 
C)  biological; psychological 
D)  storm; stress

Question 8

What is the influence of test anxiety on older adults?

Accepted Answer

A)  They may become afraid that their memory will fail them. 
B)  The unfamiliar setting will decrease confusion from memory cues. 
C)  They will become more determined as a result of the arousal. 
D)  Self-fulfilling prophecy predicts they will try harder. 
A)  They may become afraid that their memory will fail them. 
B)  The unfamiliar setting will decrease confusion from memory cues. 
C)  They will become more determined as a result of the arousal. 
D)  Self-fulfilling prophecy predicts they will try harder.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT an example of a descriptive study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Counting the number of times people stop to help someone in distress 
B)  Questionnaire responses on political opinions 
C)  Comparing the reactions of those whose homes were destroyed and those whose homes were not to study the effects of flood damage 
D)  A case study of a young woman diagnosed with anorexia nervosa 
A)  Counting the number of times people stop to help someone in distress 
B)  Questionnaire responses on political opinions 
C)  Comparing the reactions of those whose homes were destroyed and those whose homes were not to study the effects of flood damage 
D)  A case study of a young woman diagnosed with anorexia nervosa

Question 10

Which of the following does Barack Obama's life story exemplify?

Accepted Answer

A)  A person tends to follow the same path that his parents did. 
B)  Lifespan development often proceeds nonlinearly with both trials and successes. 
C)  The majority of developmental change happens within the first ten to twelve years of life. 
D)  Barak Obama is an example of an individual who failed to overcome risk factors. 
A)  A person tends to follow the same path that his parents did. 
B)  Lifespan development often proceeds nonlinearly with both trials and successes. 
C)  The majority of developmental change happens within the first ten to twelve years of life. 
D)  Barak Obama is an example of an individual who failed to overcome risk factors.

Question 11

Of the following, who would be most likely to argue against the concept of play as the "work of childhood" and, as such, important to development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jean-Jacques Rousseau 
B)  Roman scholars 
C)  John Locke 
D)  all of these 
A)  Jean-Jacques Rousseau 
B)  Roman scholars 
C)  John Locke 
D)  all of these

Question 12

According to most theorists, the conflict that adolescents experience with their parents:

Accepted Answer

A)  is only slightly higher than that of childhood. 
B)  is an inevitable if uncomfortable part of maturation. 
C)  makes the transition to adulthood easier as emotional bonds are often strained. 
D)  is virtually nonexistent in most cases. 
A)  is only slightly higher than that of childhood. 
B)  is an inevitable if uncomfortable part of maturation. 
C)  makes the transition to adulthood easier as emotional bonds are often strained. 
D)  is virtually nonexistent in most cases.

Question 13

Which of the following represents the prevailing attitude among developmental psychologists pertaining to the continuity versus discontinuity of development issue?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most psychologists agree that development is a process combining both continuous and discontinuous change. 
B)  Most psychologists adhere to the notion that development is largely discontinuous. 
C)  Most psychologists adhere to the notion that development is largely continuous. 
D)  A majority feel that continuity is not a relevant issue, because development is genetically preprogrammed. 
A)  Most psychologists agree that development is a process combining both continuous and discontinuous change. 
B)  Most psychologists adhere to the notion that development is largely discontinuous. 
C)  Most psychologists adhere to the notion that development is largely continuous. 
D)  A majority feel that continuity is not a relevant issue, because development is genetically preprogrammed.

Question 14

In an experiment, the __________ changes as a result of the manipulation.

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent variable 
B)  independent variable 
C)  treatment 
D)  control group 
A)  dependent variable 
B)  independent variable 
C)  treatment 
D)  control group

Question 15

Many researchers have concluded there is a strong positive correlation between the number of assaults reported to police and the temperature. What can be concluded from this?

Accepted Answer

A)  If the temperature is known, then the number of assaults can be predicted. 
B)  If the temperature is high, tempers will flare and so cause more people to be aggressive. 
C)  When temperatures are high, more people are outdoors and so come into contact with each other more often, resulting in conflict. 
D)  As temperatures rise, the number of assaults decreases, because people are staying inside where it is cool. 
A)  If the temperature is known, then the number of assaults can be predicted. 
B)  If the temperature is high, tempers will flare and so cause more people to be aggressive. 
C)  When temperatures are high, more people are outdoors and so come into contact with each other more often, resulting in conflict. 
D)  As temperatures rise, the number of assaults decreases, because people are staying inside where it is cool.

Question 16

An hypothesis is:

Accepted Answer

A)  a carefully formulated question that can be tested through the scientific method. 
B)  a loosely defined set of principles that can explain many events. 
C)  interchangeable with theory. 
D)  may never be falsified. 
A)  a carefully formulated question that can be tested through the scientific method. 
B)  a loosely defined set of principles that can explain many events. 
C)  interchangeable with theory. 
D)  may never be falsified.

Question 17

__________ is an ability that tends to improve with age.

Accepted Answer

A)  Timed performance 
B)  Adaptation to unfamiliar testing situations 
C)  Problem solving 
D)  Verbal speed 
A)  Timed performance 
B)  Adaptation to unfamiliar testing situations 
C)  Problem solving 
D)  Verbal speed

Question 18

With which data collection method(s) does the researcher gather information without conducting an experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Descriptive studies 
B)  Manipulative experiments 
C)  Naturalistic experiments 
D)  Manipulative and naturalistic experiments 
A)  Descriptive studies 
B)  Manipulative experiments 
C)  Naturalistic experiments 
D)  Manipulative and naturalistic experiments

Question 19

Age cohort refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  individuals with the same mental age. 
B)  individuals with the same physical maturation level but different ages. 
C)  individuals with the same physical maturation level and age. 
D)  groups of people born at about the same time. 
A)  individuals with the same mental age. 
B)  individuals with the same physical maturation level but different ages. 
C)  individuals with the same physical maturation level and age. 
D)  groups of people born at about the same time.

Question 20

Peer influences on a child's participation in the classroom reflect which element of the biopsychosocial model of development?

Accepted Answer

A)  biological 
B)  social 
C)  physical 
D)  psychological 
A)  biological 
B)  social 
C)  physical 
D)  psychological

An examination of all the many influences on an individual's development is the __________approach.

What does Rutter propose regarding age as an explanation for behavior?

A(n) __________ approach to the study of human development focuses on life trends while still allowing investigation of individual differences.

__________ insisted that children learned best through modeling adults and so did not require direct instruction.

Are people in later adulthood less intelligent than younger people?

According to the text author, regardless of the method of investigation, the ultimate question for understanding human behavior is:

The versus issue revolves around the question of whether development is more a product of genetic or environmental influences.

What is the influence of test anxiety on older adults?

Which of the following is NOT an example of a descriptive study?

Which of the following does Barack Obama's life story exemplify?

Of the following, who would be most likely to argue against the concept of play as the "work of childhood" and, as such, important to development?

According to most theorists, the conflict that adolescents experience with their parents:

Which of the following represents the prevailing attitude among developmental psychologists pertaining to the continuity versus discontinuity of development issue?

In an experiment, the __________ changes as a result of the manipulation.

Many researchers have concluded there is a strong positive correlation between the number of assaults reported to police and the temperature. What can be concluded from this?

An hypothesis is:

__________ is an ability that tends to improve with age.

With which data collection method(s) does the researcher gather information without conducting an experiment?

Age cohort refers to:

Peer influences on a child's participation in the classroom reflect which element of the biopsychosocial model of development?

Theories of Development: Interpreting the Lifespan

Pregnancy and Prenatal Development

Birth and Newborn

Infancy

Early Childhood

Middle Childhood

Adolescence

Early Adulthood

Middle Adulthood

Late Adulthood

Dying and Spirituality

Putting It All Together: Lifespan Development in Action

Filters

Exam 1: Lifespan Development: an Introduction

An examination of all the many influences on an individual's development is the __________approach.

What does Rutter propose regarding age as an explanation for behavior?

A(n) __________ approach to the study of human development focuses on life trends while still allowing investigation of individual differences.

__________ insisted that children learned best through modeling adults and so did not require direct instruction.

Are people in later adulthood less intelligent than younger people?

According to the text author, regardless of the method of investigation, the ultimate question for understanding human behavior is:

The __________ versus __________ issue revolves around the question of whether development is more a product of genetic or environmental influences.

What is the influence of test anxiety on older adults?

Which of the following is NOT an example of a descriptive study?

Which of the following does Barack Obama's life story exemplify?

Of the following, who would be most likely to argue against the concept of play as the "work of childhood" and, as such, important to development?

According to most theorists, the conflict that adolescents experience with their parents:

Which of the following represents the prevailing attitude among developmental psychologists pertaining to the continuity versus discontinuity of development issue?

In an experiment, the __________ changes as a result of the manipulation.

Many researchers have concluded there is a strong positive correlation between the number of assaults reported to police and the temperature. What can be concluded from this?

An hypothesis is:

__________ is an ability that tends to improve with age.

With which data collection method(s) does the researcher gather information without conducting an experiment?

Age cohort refers to:

Peer influences on a child's participation in the classroom reflect which element of the biopsychosocial model of development?

Theories of Development: Interpreting the Lifespan

Pregnancy and Prenatal Development

Birth and Newborn

Infancy

Early Childhood

Middle Childhood

Adolescence

Early Adulthood

Middle Adulthood

Late Adulthood

Dying and Spirituality

Putting It All Together: Lifespan Development in Action

Filters

The versus issue revolves around the question of whether development is more a product of genetic or environmental influences.