Question 1

Migration is the primary cause of urban growth in

Accepted Answer

A)  Africa. 
B)  South America. 
C)  East Asia. 
D)  all the world's urban areas. 
A)  Africa. 
B)  South America. 
C)  East Asia. 
D)  all the world's urban areas. A

Question 2

Consider the following statement: A city is like an ecosystem.

Accepted Answer

Discuss why you agree or disagree with this statement and provide supporting evidence in your explanation (use the relationships discussed in chapters 2 and 3 to compare and/or contrast cities and ecosystems).
Should contain some of the following information and may include others as well.
Compare: Both are communities of living things along with the physical environment; both are affected by the abiotic conditions; both have a constant flow of matter and energy cycling through both living and non-living; both involve niches; both have fairly distinct boundaries.
Contrast: Cities involve only humans-other species may live there, but are not an integral part of the functioning city; people not affected so much by abiotic factors (e.g., temp. is regulated by A/C and heating, go to work whether it is raining or snowing); many human activities and inputs are part of a city, but not an ecosystem (city foundation, drainage, sewage, pollution, garbage, etc.); infrastructure completely different-man-made in cities, natural in ecosystems.

Question 3

Over a third of the surface area of many large downtown areas like Los Angeles' are utilized for automobiles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a goal for smart growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  Create a positive self-image for the community 
B)  Make the downtown area vital and livable 
C)  Each resident is responsible for growing his/her own food 
D)  Improve communications 
E)  Improve community access to the arts 
A)  Create a positive self-image for the community 
B)  Make the downtown area vital and livable 
C)  Each resident is responsible for growing his/her own food 
D)  Improve communications 
E)  Improve community access to the arts

Question 5

In rural areas, the majority of people

Accepted Answer

A)  Are involved in harvesting natural resources 
B)  Work in trade and manufacturing 
C)  Are economically dependent on cities 
D)  Work in goods exchange 
E)  Work in information exchange 
A)  Are involved in harvesting natural resources 
B)  Work in trade and manufacturing 
C)  Are economically dependent on cities 
D)  Work in goods exchange 
E)  Work in information exchange

Question 6

_______ of urban residents in developing countries have satisfactory sanitation services.

Accepted Answer

A)  Nearly all 
B)  70-80 percent 
C)  Less than half 
D)  Less than 10 percent 
A)  Nearly all 
B)  70-80 percent 
C)  Less than half 
D)  Less than 10 percent

Question 7

Describe three push and three pull factors that have influenced the demographic shift from rural areas to urban areas (2 points for each accurately identified factor).

Accepted Answer

Push factors: no jobs, lack of food, ina

Question 8

The best solution to ease traffic congestion and reduce air pollution is

Accepted Answer

A)  Build more freeways 
B)  Produce more fuel-efficient vehicles 
C)  Develop a successful mass transit system 
D)  Build more airports 
E)  All of these 
A)  Build more freeways 
B)  Produce more fuel-efficient vehicles 
C)  Develop a successful mass transit system 
D)  Build more airports 
E)  All of these

Question 9

China represents the largest demographic shift in human history.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following is a push factor for urban growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jobs in rural manufacturing 
B)  Unemployment in farming communities 
C)  Better access to education at big universities 
D)  High unemployment in cities 
E)  Opportunities for specialization in an occupation 
A)  Jobs in rural manufacturing 
B)  Unemployment in farming communities 
C)  Better access to education at big universities 
D)  High unemployment in cities 
E)  Opportunities for specialization in an occupation

Question 11

Air pollution in major cities of developing countries is

Accepted Answer

A)  Usually negligible 
B)  Responsible for extremely high rates of respiratory diseases 
C)  Rapidly becoming less of a problem 
D)  Not well understood 
E)  Decreasing because of the use of scrubbers and other technologies 
A)  Usually negligible 
B)  Responsible for extremely high rates of respiratory diseases 
C)  Rapidly becoming less of a problem 
D)  Not well understood 
E)  Decreasing because of the use of scrubbers and other technologies

Question 12

Urban planners suggest that it takes a population of about _____ to obtain the advantages of a city but still retain the sense of community.

Accepted Answer

A)  500 to 1000 
B)  2500 to 5000 
C)  30,000 to 50,000 
D)  90,000 to 100,000 
A)  500 to 1000 
B)  2500 to 5000 
C)  30,000 to 50,000 
D)  90,000 to 100,000

Question 13

Cities are distinguished by their

Accepted Answer

A)  Sheer size 
B)  Differentiated, specialized jobs and functions 
C)  Large groups of interdependent households 
D)  Strong traditions and cultural character 
E)  Dependence on natural resource-based occupations 
A)  Sheer size 
B)  Differentiated, specialized jobs and functions 
C)  Large groups of interdependent households 
D)  Strong traditions and cultural character 
E)  Dependence on natural resource-based occupations

Question 14

Suburbs are known for

Accepted Answer

A)  Uniform, single family detached houses 
B)  Affordable housing for minorities 
C)  Presence of artistic and cultural opportunities 
D)  Creating a sense of community and identity 
E)  Independence from an automobile 
A)  Uniform, single family detached houses 
B)  Affordable housing for minorities 
C)  Presence of artistic and cultural opportunities 
D)  Creating a sense of community and identity 
E)  Independence from an automobile

Question 15

Which of the following is a pull factor for urban growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jobs in rural manufacturing 
B)  Unemployment in farming communities 
C)  Better access to education at big universities 
D)  High unemployment in cities 
E)  None of these is a pull factor for urban growth 
A)  Jobs in rural manufacturing 
B)  Unemployment in farming communities 
C)  Better access to education at big universities 
D)  High unemployment in cities 
E)  None of these is a pull factor for urban growth

Question 16

Historically, ________ of the world's population has always lived in _______, at least since the beginning of written history.

Accepted Answer

A)  At least half; urban areas 
B)  At least half; rural communities 
C)  The vast majority; urban areas 
D)  The vast majority; rural communities 
E)  A small percentage; rural communities 
A)  At least half; urban areas 
B)  At least half; rural communities 
C)  The vast majority; urban areas 
D)  The vast majority; rural communities 
E)  A small percentage; rural communities

Question 17

Natural increase is an especially important factor in urban areas of

Accepted Answer

A)  Latin America and Asia 
B)  The United States 
C)  Europe 
D)  The former Soviet region 
E)  Africa 
A)  Latin America and Asia 
B)  The United States 
C)  Europe 
D)  The former Soviet region 
E)  Africa

Question 18

It is estimated that 3 billion people live in slums, shantytowns, and squatter settlements of the developing world's cities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Most residents of the German city of Vauban do not own a car for all of the following reasons except

Accepted Answer

A)  automobile ownership is prohibited by local restrictions. 
B)  shopping, schools, and work places are within walking distance. 
C)  trolley service provides transportation to the nearest large city. 
D)  narrow row houses put everything close together. 
A)  automobile ownership is prohibited by local restrictions. 
B)  shopping, schools, and work places are within walking distance. 
C)  trolley service provides transportation to the nearest large city. 
D)  narrow row houses put everything close together.

Question 20

Which of the following U.S. cities is considered a good example of successful urban land use planning?

Accepted Answer

A)  Atlanta, GA 
B)  Las Vegas, NV 
C)  Los Angeles, CA 
D)  Portland, OR 
A)  Atlanta, GA 
B)  Las Vegas, NV 
C)  Los Angeles, CA 
D)  Portland, OR

Exam 22: Urbanization and Sustainable Cities

Migration is the primary cause of urban growth in

Consider the following statement: A city is like an ecosystem.

Over a third of the surface area of many large downtown areas like Los Angeles' are utilized for automobiles.

Which of the following is NOT a goal for smart growth?

In rural areas, the majority of people

_______ of urban residents in developing countries have satisfactory sanitation services.

Describe three push and three pull factors that have influenced the demographic shift from rural areas to urban areas (2 points for each accurately identified factor).

The best solution to ease traffic congestion and reduce air pollution is

China represents the largest demographic shift in human history.

Which of the following is a push factor for urban growth?

Air pollution in major cities of developing countries is

Urban planners suggest that it takes a population of about _____ to obtain the advantages of a city but still retain the sense of community.

Cities are distinguished by their

Suburbs are known for

Which of the following is a pull factor for urban growth?

Historically, ________ of the world's population has always lived in _______, at least since the beginning of written history.

Natural increase is an especially important factor in urban areas of

It is estimated that 3 billion people live in slums, shantytowns, and squatter settlements of the developing world's cities.

Most residents of the German city of Vauban do not own a car for all of the following reasons except

Which of the following U.S. cities is considered a good example of successful urban land use planning?

Understanding Our Environment

Principles of Science and Systems

Matter, Energy, and Life

Evolution, Biological Communities, and Species Interactions

Biomes: Global Patterns of Life

Population Biology

Human Populations

Environmental Health and Toxicology

Food and Hunger

Farming: Conventional and Sustainable Practices

Biodiversity: Preserving Species

Biodiversity: Preserving Landscapes

Restoration Ecology

Geology and Earth Resources

Climate Change

Air Pollution

Water Use and Management

Water Pollution

Conventional Energy

Sustainable Energy

Solid, Toxic, and Hazardous Waste

Ecological Economics

Environmental Policy, Law, and Planning

What Then Shall We Do

Filters

Historically, __ of the world's population has always lived in _, at least since the beginning of written history.