Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a correct match?

Accepted Answer

A)  O Horizon: Humus 
B)  E Horizon: Eluviation 
C)  A Horizon: Topsoil 
D)  B Horizon: Parent Material 
A)  O Horizon: Humus 
B)  E Horizon: Eluviation 
C)  A Horizon: Topsoil 
D)  B Horizon: Parent Material D

Question 2

Which of the following CANNOT be found in soil?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fungus and algae 
B)  Algae and bacteria 
C)  Insects and bacteria 
D)  Insects and fungus 
E)  All of these are found in soil 
A)  Fungus and algae 
B)  Algae and bacteria 
C)  Insects and bacteria 
D)  Insects and fungus 
E)  All of these are found in soil E

Question 3

Compare and contrast industrial farming with organic farming in terms of food production and pesticide use.

Accepted Answer

Industrial farming produces very large amount of foods-in fact more than enough to feed the world's population (if distributed evenly).
However, a large amount of this food goes to waste. The use of pesticides in industrial farming is very high and this results in many environmental problems-Poisoning nontarget species, including beneficial predators, pesticide resistance, reproductive problems in nontarget species, persistence and mobility-all can affect humans and animals thousands of miles away. Pesticides are also responsible for a myriad of human health problems. Organic farming does not result in as great a yield as industrial.
However, it is much more eco-friendly. It leaves the soil in much better condition and since prices paid for organic products are higher than conventional, net returns are typically higher with organic crops. Since no pesticides are used, there are no negative health effects or other negative impacts associated with this type of farming.

Question 4

Integrated pest management utilizes

Accepted Answer

A)  zero pesticide applications. 
B)  a more expensive but equally effective alternative to pesticides. 
C)  an ecologically-based approach to pest management. 
D)  All of these choices are correct 
A)  zero pesticide applications. 
B)  a more expensive but equally effective alternative to pesticides. 
C)  an ecologically-based approach to pest management. 
D)  All of these choices are correct

Question 5

Some plants make natural pesticides and insect repellants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A substantial portion of pesticides used do not reach their intended target pests.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following usually has the MOST intensive use of pesticides?

Accepted Answer

A)  A soybean field 
B)  A golf course 
C)  An average U.S. kitchen 
D)  A corn field 
E)  All of these are comparable 
A)  A soybean field 
B)  A golf course 
C)  An average U.S. kitchen 
D)  A corn field 
E)  All of these are comparable

Question 8

Pesticide resistance occurs when a population of pests

Accepted Answer

A)  Becomes too numerous for chemicals to control 
B)  Genetically changes (through natural selection) and is no longer affected by the chemicals 
C)  Grows extremely large because of chemical misapplications 
D)  Is not affected by chemicals because the pesticide chemicals do not break down in the environment 
E)  Is completely wiped out by the pesticide chemicals 
A)  Becomes too numerous for chemicals to control 
B)  Genetically changes (through natural selection) and is no longer affected by the chemicals 
C)  Grows extremely large because of chemical misapplications 
D)  Is not affected by chemicals because the pesticide chemicals do not break down in the environment 
E)  Is completely wiped out by the pesticide chemicals

Question 9

Which of the following alternative methods is NOT helpful in reducing your exposure to pesticides?

Accepted Answer

A)  Accept slightly blemished fruits and vegetables 
B)  Purchase praying mantises and ladybugs to protect garden plants 
C)  Use only natural chemicals as pesticides 
D)  Wash aphid-infested vegetation with pure water 
E)  Keep wood piles away from the outside of the house 
A)  Accept slightly blemished fruits and vegetables 
B)  Purchase praying mantises and ladybugs to protect garden plants 
C)  Use only natural chemicals as pesticides 
D)  Wash aphid-infested vegetation with pure water 
E)  Keep wood piles away from the outside of the house

Question 10

Mycorrhizal symbiosis reveals fungi to be more damaging to plant growth than originally believed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Organophosphates and _________ are similar in that they lack environmental persistence and have low bioaccumulation.

Accepted Answer

A)  Chlorinated hydrocarbons 
B)  Carbamates 
C)  Inorganic pesticides 
D)  Fumigants 
E)  Natural organic pesticides 
A)  Chlorinated hydrocarbons 
B)  Carbamates 
C)  Inorganic pesticides 
D)  Fumigants 
E)  Natural organic pesticides

Question 12

Which of the following uses the LEAST amount of energy in industrialized farming practices?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fuel for tractors and other machines 
B)  Production of chemical fertilizer 
C)  Use of pesticides 
D)  Drying the crops in the field 
E)  Transporting the crops to market 
A)  Fuel for tractors and other machines 
B)  Production of chemical fertilizer 
C)  Use of pesticides 
D)  Drying the crops in the field 
E)  Transporting the crops to market

Question 13

In the graph, which of the populations first began to show pesticide resistance?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  It is impossible to answer the question with the provided data 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  It is impossible to answer the question with the provided data

Question 14

Another word for cover crops is

Accepted Answer

A)  Mulch 
B)  Strip farming 
C)  Green manure 
D)  Shade planting 
E)  All of these are correct 
A)  Mulch 
B)  Strip farming 
C)  Green manure 
D)  Shade planting 
E)  All of these are correct

Question 15

The process that happens when pesticide residues evaporate from soil and water in warm areas, and then condense in and precipitate in colder regions is called

Accepted Answer

A)  Bioaccumulation 
B)  Pesticide rain 
C)  The grasshopper effect 
D)  Pesticide persistence and mobility 
E)  The pesticide treadmill 
A)  Bioaccumulation 
B)  Pesticide rain 
C)  The grasshopper effect 
D)  Pesticide persistence and mobility 
E)  The pesticide treadmill

Question 16

The efficiency of irrigation water use is ______ in most countries. One of the reasons for this is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  High; the abundance of water 
B)  High; the careful use of water because it is so expensive 
C)  High; the technology to distribute the water where it is needed 
D)  Low; the lack of availability of technology to distribute the water where it is needed 
E)  Low; evaporative losses from unprotected water channeling 
A)  High; the abundance of water 
B)  High; the careful use of water because it is so expensive 
C)  High; the technology to distribute the water where it is needed 
D)  Low; the lack of availability of technology to distribute the water where it is needed 
E)  Low; evaporative losses from unprotected water channeling

Question 17

Which is the BEST cropping method for reducing erosion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rotating corn, wheat and clover 
B)  Growing corn continuously 
C)  Growing wheat continuously 
D)  Growing clover continuously 
E)  None of these is more effective in reducing erosion 
A)  Rotating corn, wheat and clover 
B)  Growing corn continuously 
C)  Growing wheat continuously 
D)  Growing clover continuously 
E)  None of these is more effective in reducing erosion

Question 18

Contour plowing and strip farming are methods designed to

Accepted Answer

A)  Prevent weed spreading 
B)  Improve plowing efficiency 
C)  Improve harvesting efficiency 
D)  Prevent water and soil loss 
E)  Make farms more attractive 
A)  Prevent weed spreading 
B)  Improve plowing efficiency 
C)  Improve harvesting efficiency 
D)  Prevent water and soil loss 
E)  Make farms more attractive

Question 19

Natural organic pesticides are NOT

Accepted Answer

A)  Extracted from plants 
B)  Toxic to humans 
C)  Safe for all animals 
D)  Stable in their natural form 
E)  All of these are characteristics of natural organic pesticides 
A)  Extracted from plants 
B)  Toxic to humans 
C)  Safe for all animals 
D)  Stable in their natural form 
E)  All of these are characteristics of natural organic pesticides

Question 20

Which of the following can be a chronic effect of pesticides on humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cancer 
B)  Fetal deformities 
C)  Immune system problems 
D)  Parkinson's disease 
E)  All of these are correct 
A)  Cancer 
B)  Fetal deformities 
C)  Immune system problems 
D)  Parkinson's disease 
E)  All of these are correct

Exam 10: Farming: Conventional and Sustainable Practices

Which of the following is NOT a correct match?

Which of the following CANNOT be found in soil?

Compare and contrast industrial farming with organic farming in terms of food production and pesticide use.

Integrated pest management utilizes

Some plants make natural pesticides and insect repellants.

A substantial portion of pesticides used do not reach their intended target pests.

Which of the following usually has the MOST intensive use of pesticides?

Pesticide resistance occurs when a population of pests

Which of the following alternative methods is NOT helpful in reducing your exposure to pesticides?

Mycorrhizal symbiosis reveals fungi to be more damaging to plant growth than originally believed.

Organophosphates and _________ are similar in that they lack environmental persistence and have low bioaccumulation.

Which of the following uses the LEAST amount of energy in industrialized farming practices?

In the graph, which of the populations first began to show pesticide resistance?

Another word for cover crops is

The process that happens when pesticide residues evaporate from soil and water in warm areas, and then condense in and precipitate in colder regions is called

The efficiency of irrigation water use is ______ in most countries. One of the reasons for this is ______.

Which is the BEST cropping method for reducing erosion?

Contour plowing and strip farming are methods designed to

Natural organic pesticides are NOT

Which of the following can be a chronic effect of pesticides on humans?

Understanding Our Environment

Principles of Science and Systems

Matter, Energy, and Life

Evolution, Biological Communities, and Species Interactions

Biomes: Global Patterns of Life

Population Biology

Human Populations

Environmental Health and Toxicology

Food and Hunger

Biodiversity: Preserving Species

Biodiversity: Preserving Landscapes

Restoration Ecology

Geology and Earth Resources

Climate Change

Air Pollution

Water Use and Management

Water Pollution

Conventional Energy

Sustainable Energy

Solid, Toxic, and Hazardous Waste

Urbanization and Sustainable Cities

Ecological Economics

Environmental Policy, Law, and Planning

What Then Shall We Do

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The efficiency of irrigation water use is in most countries. One of the reasons for this is .