Question 1

Because primates are highly social animals, they provide less care to offspring over a shorter period of time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Primatology helps anthropologists make inferences about the early social organization of hominids and untangle issues of human nature and the origins of culture. Of particular relevance to these types of questions are two kinds of primates:

Accepted Answer

A)  catarrhines and platyrrhines. 
B)  Gigantopithecus and Pierolapithecus. 
C)  those whose ecological adaptations are similar to our own (terrestrial monkeys and apes), and those most closely related to us, the great apes (chimpanzees and gorillas). 
D)  those that are in the tribe hominini, and those in the family hominidae. 
E)  those with whom we share the least number of homologies, and those with whom we share the most analogies. 
A)  catarrhines and platyrrhines. 
B)  Gigantopithecus and Pierolapithecus. 
C)  those whose ecological adaptations are similar to our own (terrestrial monkeys and apes), and those most closely related to us, the great apes (chimpanzees and gorillas). 
D)  those that are in the tribe hominini, and those in the family hominidae. 
E)  those with whom we share the least number of homologies, and those with whom we share the most analogies. C

Question 3

The tribe hominini consists of

Accepted Answer

A)  all primates that share a genetic relationship with humans. 
B)  all bipedal primates that are represented in living species today. 
C)  what scientists used to refer to as hominoids twenty years ago. 
D)  all the great apes. 
E)  all of the human species that ever existed (including extinct ones), excluding chimps and gorillas. 
A)  all primates that share a genetic relationship with humans. 
B)  all bipedal primates that are represented in living species today. 
C)  what scientists used to refer to as hominoids twenty years ago. 
D)  all the great apes. 
E)  all of the human species that ever existed (including extinct ones), excluding chimps and gorillas. E

Question 4

Old World monkeys include both arboreal and terrestrial species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

It was during the Oligocene that proto-monkeys became the most numerous of the primates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The primate suborder Haplorrhini is found only in Madagascar.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Because they are predominantly terrestrial, gorillas exhibit only minor sexual dimorphism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

In primate evolution, in which of the following epochs did proto-monkeys first appear?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oligocene (34-23 m.y.a.) 
B)  Miocene (23-25 m.y.a.) 
C)  Eocene (54-34 m.y.a.) 
D)  Paleocene (65-54 m.y.a.) 
E)  Pliocene (5-2.6 m.y.a.) 
A)  Oligocene (34-23 m.y.a.) 
B)  Miocene (23-25 m.y.a.) 
C)  Eocene (54-34 m.y.a.) 
D)  Paleocene (65-54 m.y.a.) 
E)  Pliocene (5-2.6 m.y.a.)

Question 9

Old World monkeys are both terrestrial and arboreal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

When do the first hominin fossils appear?

Accepted Answer

A)  Miocene 
B)  Oligocene 
C)  Pliocene 
D)  Holocene 
E)  Pleistocene 
A)  Miocene 
B)  Oligocene 
C)  Pliocene 
D)  Holocene 
E)  Pleistocene

Question 11

We live in the Cenozoic era.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Homologies are similarities between two species that have been jointly inherited from a common ancestor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

What is a taxonomy?

Accepted Answer

A)  an adaptive trait due to convergent evolution 
B)  a trait inherited from a common ancestor 
C)  a set of selective forces enacted on one lineage 
D)  a classification scheme where organisms are assigned to categories 
E)  a way to define an organism's repertoire of social behaviors 
A)  an adaptive trait due to convergent evolution 
B)  a trait inherited from a common ancestor 
C)  a set of selective forces enacted on one lineage 
D)  a classification scheme where organisms are assigned to categories 
E)  a way to define an organism's repertoire of social behaviors

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of an analogy?

Accepted Answer

A)  bony eye sockets in chimps and similar structures in gorillas 
B)  similarities in chromosomal DNA between apes and humans 
C)  the mammary glands of dogs and the mammary glands of cats 
D)  dolphin fins and fish fins 
E)  pentadactyly (having five digits on the hands and feet) among baboons and macaques 
A)  bony eye sockets in chimps and similar structures in gorillas 
B)  similarities in chromosomal DNA between apes and humans 
C)  the mammary glands of dogs and the mammary glands of cats 
D)  dolphin fins and fish fins 
E)  pentadactyly (having five digits on the hands and feet) among baboons and macaques

Question 15

Chimpanzees' social networks involve complex systems of dominance relationships.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of the following was NOT one of the trends that distinguished anthropoids from other primates?

Accepted Answer

A)  a shift from reliance on smell to reliance on sight 
B)  improved stereoscopic and color vision 
C)  increased reliance on smell 
D)  a tendency toward being active during the day 
E)  None of these answers are correct, as all were part of anthropoid evolution. 
A)  a shift from reliance on smell to reliance on sight 
B)  improved stereoscopic and color vision 
C)  increased reliance on smell 
D)  a tendency toward being active during the day 
E)  None of these answers are correct, as all were part of anthropoid evolution.

Question 17

Which of the following primate traits are believed to have been selected for life in trees?

Accepted Answer

A)  larger females and gentle males 
B)  fingernails (instead of claws) and soft fingertips 
C)  meat eating and aggression 
D)  stereoscopic vision and an opposable thumb 
E)  fewer offspring and bipedalism 
A)  larger females and gentle males 
B)  fingernails (instead of claws) and soft fingertips 
C)  meat eating and aggression 
D)  stereoscopic vision and an opposable thumb 
E)  fewer offspring and bipedalism

Question 18

Bonobos, which belong to the same genus as chimpanzees, are exceptional among primates because of

Accepted Answer

A)  their marked sexual dimorphism. 
B)  their male-centered communities. 
C)  their cannibalism. 
D)  their ability to withstand the pressures of deforestation. 
E)  the frequency with which they have sex, a behavior associated with conflict avoidance. 
A)  their marked sexual dimorphism. 
B)  their male-centered communities. 
C)  their cannibalism. 
D)  their ability to withstand the pressures of deforestation. 
E)  the frequency with which they have sex, a behavior associated with conflict avoidance.

Question 19

What is the term for traits that organisms have jointly inherited from a common ancestor?

Accepted Answer

A)  analogies 
B)  meiosis 
C)  homologies 
D)  alleles 
E)  phenotypes 
A)  analogies 
B)  meiosis 
C)  homologies 
D)  alleles 
E)  phenotypes

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT an adaptive trend in anthropoids?

Accepted Answer

A)  stereoscopic vision 
B)  increased brain complexity 
C)  grasping hands and feet 
D)  decreased sociality 
E)  enhanced sense of touch 
A)  stereoscopic vision 
B)  increased brain complexity 
C)  grasping hands and feet 
D)  decreased sociality 
E)  enhanced sense of touch

Because primates are highly social animals, they provide less care to offspring over a shorter period of time.

Primatology helps anthropologists make inferences about the early social organization of hominids and untangle issues of human nature and the origins of culture. Of particular relevance to these types of questions are two kinds of primates:

The tribe hominini consists of

Old World monkeys include both arboreal and terrestrial species.

It was during the Oligocene that proto-monkeys became the most numerous of the primates.

The primate suborder Haplorrhini is found only in Madagascar.

Because they are predominantly terrestrial, gorillas exhibit only minor sexual dimorphism.

In primate evolution, in which of the following epochs did proto-monkeys first appear?

Old World monkeys are both terrestrial and arboreal.

When do the first hominin fossils appear?

We live in the Cenozoic era.

Homologies are similarities between two species that have been jointly inherited from a common ancestor.

What is a taxonomy?

Which of the following is an example of an analogy?

Chimpanzees' social networks involve complex systems of dominance relationships.

Which of the following was NOT one of the trends that distinguished anthropoids from other primates?

Which of the following primate traits are believed to have been selected for life in trees?

Bonobos, which belong to the same genus as chimpanzees, are exceptional among primates because of

What is the term for traits that organisms have jointly inherited from a common ancestor?

Which of the following is NOT an adaptive trend in anthropoids?

What Is Anthropology

Culture

Doing Anthropology

Evolution, Genetics, and Human Variation

Early Hominins

The Genus Homo

The First Farmers

The First Cities and States

Language and Communication

Making a Living

Political Systems

Families, Kinship, and Marriage

Gender

Religion

Ethnicity and Race

Applying Anthropology

The World System, Colonialism, and Inequality

Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

Filters

Exam 5: The Primates

Because primates are highly social animals, they provide less care to offspring over a shorter period of time.

Primatology helps anthropologists make inferences about the early social organization of hominids and untangle issues of human nature and the origins of culture. Of particular relevance to these types of questions are two kinds of primates:

The tribe hominini consists of

Old World monkeys include both arboreal and terrestrial species.

It was during the Oligocene that proto-monkeys became the most numerous of the primates.

The primate suborder Haplorrhini is found only in Madagascar.

Because they are predominantly terrestrial, gorillas exhibit only minor sexual dimorphism.

In primate evolution, in which of the following epochs did proto-monkeys first appear?

Old World monkeys are both terrestrial and arboreal.

When do the first hominin fossils appear?

We live in the Cenozoic era.

Homologies are similarities between two species that have been jointly inherited from a common ancestor.

What is a taxonomy?

Which of the following is an example of an analogy?

Chimpanzees' social networks involve complex systems of dominance relationships.

Which of the following was NOT one of the trends that distinguished anthropoids from other primates?

Which of the following primate traits are believed to have been selected for life in trees?

Bonobos, which belong to the same genus as chimpanzees, are exceptional among primates because of

What is the term for traits that organisms have jointly inherited from a common ancestor?

Which of the following is NOT an adaptive trend in anthropoids?

What Is Anthropology

Culture

Doing Anthropology

Evolution, Genetics, and Human Variation

Early Hominins

The Genus Homo

The First Farmers

The First Cities and States

Language and Communication

Making a Living

Political Systems

Families, Kinship, and Marriage

Gender

Religion

Ethnicity and Race

Applying Anthropology

The World System, Colonialism, and Inequality

Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

Filters