Question 1

Which of the following posterior pituitary hormones causes the kidney to decrease its excretion of urine?

Accepted Answer

A)  ADH 
B)  ACTH 
C)  Aldosterone 
D)  Oxytocin 
A)  ADH 
B)  ACTH 
C)  Aldosterone 
D)  Oxytocin A

Question 2

Cretinism,myxedema,and Graves' disease are all

Accepted Answer

A)  thyroid hormone deficiency diseases. 
B)  thyroid hormone disorders caused by oversecretion of thyroxine. 
C)  calcium imbalances due primarily to the lack of calcitonin. 
D)  disorders of thyroid gland function. 
A)  thyroid hormone deficiency diseases. 
B)  thyroid hormone disorders caused by oversecretion of thyroxine. 
C)  calcium imbalances due primarily to the lack of calcitonin. 
D)  disorders of thyroid gland function. D

Question 3

The word diabetes means

Accepted Answer

A)  sweet. 
B)  diuresis. 
C)  insulin. 
D)  sugar. 
A)  sweet. 
B)  diuresis. 
C)  insulin. 
D)  sugar. B

Question 4

Lactogenic hormone

Accepted Answer

A)  is also called oxytocin. 
B)  is a gonadotropin. 
C)  stimulates the mammary glands to make milk. 
D)  exerts its greatest effect on the gonads. 
A)  is also called oxytocin. 
B)  is a gonadotropin. 
C)  stimulates the mammary glands to make milk. 
D)  exerts its greatest effect on the gonads.

Question 5

What is the most likely effect of a deficiency of aldosterone?

Accepted Answer

A)  High blood pressure 
B)  Low level of potassium in the blood 
C)  Low blood volume and hypotension 
D)  Goiter formation 
A)  High blood pressure 
B)  Low level of potassium in the blood 
C)  Low blood volume and hypotension 
D)  Goiter formation

Question 6

"Sugar,salt,and sex" is descriptive of

Accepted Answer

A)  ACTH, TSH, and somatotropic hormone. 
B)  cortisol, aldosterone, and testosterone. 
C)  epinephrine, norepinephrine, and estrogen. 
D)  insulin, glucagon, and cortisol. 
A)  ACTH, TSH, and somatotropic hormone. 
B)  cortisol, aldosterone, and testosterone. 
C)  epinephrine, norepinephrine, and estrogen. 
D)  insulin, glucagon, and cortisol.

Question 7

Thyroxine

Accepted Answer

A)  is TSH. 
B)  is T4. 
C)  exerts negative feedback control on the secretion of T3. 
D)  lowers basal metabolic rate. 
A)  is TSH. 
B)  is T4. 
C)  exerts negative feedback control on the secretion of T3. 
D)  lowers basal metabolic rate.

Question 8

Portal capillaries carry releasing hormones from the brain to the

Accepted Answer

A)  neurohypophysis. 
B)  pancreas. 
C)  anterior pituitary gland. 
D)  posterior pituitary gland. 
A)  neurohypophysis. 
B)  pancreas. 
C)  anterior pituitary gland. 
D)  posterior pituitary gland.

Question 9

Why is the posterior pituitary gland called the neurohypophysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  The posterior pituitary gland is an extension of the hypothalamus. 
B)  The neurohypophysis secretes releasing hormones. 
C)  The posterior pituitary gland secretes hormones that regulate adenohypophyseal function. 
D)  The posterior pituitary gland secretes releasing hormones. 
A)  The posterior pituitary gland is an extension of the hypothalamus. 
B)  The neurohypophysis secretes releasing hormones. 
C)  The posterior pituitary gland secretes hormones that regulate adenohypophyseal function. 
D)  The posterior pituitary gland secretes releasing hormones.

Question 10

Insulin

Accepted Answer

A)  is secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. 
B)  is secreted by the liver. 
C)  raises blood glucose levels. 
D)  is released by the pancreas in response to low blood glucose levels. 
A)  is secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. 
B)  is secreted by the liver. 
C)  raises blood glucose levels. 
D)  is released by the pancreas in response to low blood glucose levels.

Question 11

Bronzing

Accepted Answer

A)  always accompanies hyperglycemia. 
B)  is the most prominent symptom of Cushing syndrome. 
C)  is characteristic of chronic adrenal cortical insufficiency (Addison's disease). 
D)  is a consequence of ADH insufficiency. 
A)  always accompanies hyperglycemia. 
B)  is the most prominent symptom of Cushing syndrome. 
C)  is characteristic of chronic adrenal cortical insufficiency (Addison's disease). 
D)  is a consequence of ADH insufficiency.

Question 12

This cone-shaped gland is located in the head and is called the "biological clock."

Accepted Answer

A)  Posterior pituitary 
B)  Hypothalamus 
C)  Pineal 
D)  Thymus 
A)  Posterior pituitary 
B)  Hypothalamus 
C)  Pineal 
D)  Thymus

Question 13

Which of the following are concerned with "sugar,salt,and sex"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Epinephrine, norepinephrine, and adrenalin 
B)  Glucagon, insulin, and thymosin 
C)  ICSH, FSH, and LH 
D)  Glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, and androgen 
A)  Epinephrine, norepinephrine, and adrenalin 
B)  Glucagon, insulin, and thymosin 
C)  ICSH, FSH, and LH 
D)  Glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, and androgen

Question 14

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)and oxytocin

Accepted Answer

A)  are secreted by the neurohypophysis. 
B)  are mineralocorticoids. 
C)  are secreted by the islets of Langerhans. 
D)  stimulate the kidney to excrete Na+ and water. 
A)  are secreted by the neurohypophysis. 
B)  are mineralocorticoids. 
C)  are secreted by the islets of Langerhans. 
D)  stimulate the kidney to excrete Na+ and water.

Question 15

Which of the following is descriptive of the adrenal cortex?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the target gland of ACTH. 
B)  It secretes catecholamines. 
C)  It secretes hormones that lower blood glucose. 
D)  It secretes iodine-containing hormones. 
A)  It is the target gland of ACTH. 
B)  It secretes catecholamines. 
C)  It secretes hormones that lower blood glucose. 
D)  It secretes iodine-containing hormones.

Question 16

Enlargement of the thyroid gland

Accepted Answer

A)  is called a goiter. 
B)  causes Addisonian crisis. 
C)  makes a person appear cushingoid. 
D)  causes hypocalcemic tetany. 
A)  is called a goiter. 
B)  causes Addisonian crisis. 
C)  makes a person appear cushingoid. 
D)  causes hypocalcemic tetany.

Question 17

Obesity

Accepted Answer

A)  antagonizes insulin. 
B)  elevates blood glucose levels. 
C)  causes Na+ and water reabsorption, thereby increasing blood pressure. 
D)  All of the above are true. 
A)  antagonizes insulin. 
B)  elevates blood glucose levels. 
C)  causes Na+ and water reabsorption, thereby increasing blood pressure. 
D)  All of the above are true.

Question 18

Iodine is

Accepted Answer

A)  used by the adenohypophysis to synthesize TSH. 
B)  necessary for the synthesis of calcitonin by the thyroid gland. 
C)  necessary for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. 
D)  necessary for the synthesis of both PTH and calcitonin. 
A)  used by the adenohypophysis to synthesize TSH. 
B)  necessary for the synthesis of calcitonin by the thyroid gland. 
C)  necessary for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. 
D)  necessary for the synthesis of both PTH and calcitonin.

Question 19

Abrupt,sudden withdrawal of prednisone (cortisol)is most likely to cause

Accepted Answer

A)  Cushing syndrome. 
B)  hypocalcemic tetany. 
C)  diabetes insipidus. 
D)  acute adrenal insufficiency. 
A)  Cushing syndrome. 
B)  hypocalcemic tetany. 
C)  diabetes insipidus. 
D)  acute adrenal insufficiency.

Question 20

Which of the following is most descriptive of cAMP?

Accepted Answer

A)  Second chemical messenger 
B)  Catecholamine that contributes to the fight-or-flight response 
C)  Steroid 
D)  Releasing hormone 
A)  Second chemical messenger 
B)  Catecholamine that contributes to the fight-or-flight response 
C)  Steroid 
D)  Releasing hormone

Exam 14: Endocrine System

Which of the following posterior pituitary hormones causes the kidney to decrease its excretion of urine?

Cretinism,myxedema,and Graves' disease are all

The word diabetes means

Lactogenic hormone

What is the most likely effect of a deficiency of aldosterone?

"Sugar,salt,and sex" is descriptive of

Thyroxine

Portal capillaries carry releasing hormones from the brain to the

Why is the posterior pituitary gland called the neurohypophysis?

Insulin

Bronzing

This cone-shaped gland is located in the head and is called the "biological clock."

Which of the following are concerned with "sugar,salt,and sex"?

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)and oxytocin

Which of the following is descriptive of the adrenal cortex?

Enlargement of the thyroid gland

Obesity

Iodine is

Abrupt,sudden withdrawal of prednisone (cortisol)is most likely to cause

Which of the following is most descriptive of cAMP?

Introduction to the Human Body

Basic Chemistry

Cells

Cell Metabolism

Microbiology Basics

Tissues and Membranes

Integumentary System and Body Temperature

Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System: Nervous Tissue and Brain

Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerves

Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory System

Blood

Anatomy of the Heart

Function of the Heart

Anatomy of the Blood Vessels

Functions of the Blood Vessels

Lymphatic System

Immune System

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive Systems

Human Development and Heredity

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