Exam 3: Federalism and the Separation of Powers

State governments have the power to define private property.

After passage of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act in the mid-1990s, states no longer had to enforce federal antidiscrimination laws as a condition for receipt of federal grants.

The claim that confidential communications between a president and close advisers should not be revealed without the consent of the president is known as:

The fact that the Supreme Court can rule an act of Congress invalid is an example of:

The federalist system created under the Constitution was designed to limit governmental power by creating a second layer of sovereignty in ____________.

In the 1990s, the Supreme Court issued a series of state-friendly rulings, including one that struck down most of the Brady Bill, a federal gun control law.This ruling has since been cited in backing the constitutionality of so-called "sanctuary" cities and states, which limit their cooperation with federal immigration enforcement.Why is this the case?

The Supreme Court struck down a 1996 law that attempted to give the president line-item veto authority.

During the Jacksonian era of the early nineteenth century, a states' rights coalition developed, because:

What do you see as the advantages and disadvantages of federalism?

According to the ______________ clause, if a couple marries in Texas as regulated by state law, then Missouri must also recognize that marriage even though the couple was not married under Missouri state law.

The Constitution gives Congress the leeway to take actions or adopt initiatives seen as necessary and proper to carrying out its enumerated powers.

Define federalism and explain which issues have traditionally been considered national policy questions, which have traditionally been the responsibility of states, and which have customarily been shared concurrently between federal and state governments.

Federal funds given to state governments to pay for goods, services, or programs with relatively few restrictions on how the funds may be spent are known as ___________ grants.

Private property in the United States is defined according to ___________ .

Which term describes federal dollars offered to state and local governments, often as a means of gaining compliance or cooperation with national programs?

While their ability to do so, or ease of doing so, depends on their own statutes and constitutions, state legislatures may legally shift city limits and the boundaries of counties because:

Federalism means that the national government is the only significant decision-making body in the United States.

A type of federalism existing since the New Deal era in which grants-in-aid have been used strategically to encourage states and localities (without commanding them) to pursue nationally defined goals is known as ______________ federalism.

Congress uses grants-in-aid because it does not have the political or constitutional power to command local governments to do its bidding.

Article IV of the U.S.Constitution calls for "full faith and credit" among states, meaning that: