Question 1

​Humans acquire their first microorganisms during ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​fetal development 
B)  ​nursing 
C)  ​vaginal delivery 
D)  ​the first year of life 
E)  ​exposure to the air 
A)  ​fetal development 
B)  ​nursing 
C)  ​vaginal delivery 
D)  ​the first year of life 
E)  ​exposure to the air

Question 2

​____ may have been the ancestors of cellular life.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Circular RNA 
B)  ​Prokaryotic cells 
C)  ​Pseudocells 
D)  ​Lipid globules 
E)  ​Protocells 
A)  ​Circular RNA 
B)  ​Prokaryotic cells 
C)  ​Pseudocells 
D)  ​Lipid globules 
E)  ​Protocells

Question 3

It is hypothesized that ____ may have been the first informational molecule.

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA 
B)  a protein 
C)  RNA 
D)  ozone 
E)  an amino acid 
A)  DNA 
B)  a protein 
C)  RNA 
D)  ozone 
E)  an amino acid

Question 4

Experiments like those performed by Stanley Miller in the 1850s demonstrated that lightening-fueled atmospheric reactions could produce ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-replicating DNA molecules 
B)  organic compounds required for life under artificial conditions 
C)  prokaryotic cells under artificial conditions 
D)  meteorites containing the building blocks of life 
E)  organic molecules in hydrothermal vents 
A)  self-replicating DNA molecules 
B)  organic compounds required for life under artificial conditions 
C)  prokaryotic cells under artificial conditions 
D)  meteorites containing the building blocks of life 
E)  organic molecules in hydrothermal vents

Question 5

​According to scientific evidence, the first organisms on Earth must have been ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​aerobic 
B)  ​pathogenic 
C)  ​anaerobic 
D)  ​heterotrophs 
E)  ​multicellular 
A)  ​aerobic 
B)  ​pathogenic 
C)  ​anaerobic 
D)  ​heterotrophs 
E)  ​multicellular

Question 6

Label the figure below showing three mechanisms of gene exchange in prokaryotic cells.   a. A 
b. B
c. C
-​transduction

Accepted Answer

The answer of Label the figure below showing three mechanisms...

Question 7

The theory that early metabolic reactions occurred in rocks near hydrothermal vents is known as the _____hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA world 
B)  endosymbiont 
C)  iron-sulfur world 
D)  vital force 
E)  lightening-fueled 
A)  RNA world 
B)  endosymbiont 
C)  iron-sulfur world 
D)  vital force 
E)  lightening-fueled

Question 8

Match the prokaryote with the correct description.
-​These can live in water of very high salt concentration.
A)halophiles
B)cyanobacteria
C)thermophiles
D)bacteria
E)methanogens

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the prokaryote with the correct description.
-​These...

Question 9

The ____ protists may cause dysentery after drinking contaminated water. amoeba

Accepted Answer

A)  dinoflagellate 
B)  apicomplexan 
C)  amoeba 
D)  ciliate 
E)  water mold 
A)  dinoflagellate 
B)  apicomplexan 
C)  amoeba 
D)  ciliate 
E)  water mold

Question 10

Match the following terms with the description to which they best correspond.
-​disease-causing agent
A)protist
B)prokaryote
C)photoautotroph
D)pathogen
E)protocell
F)halophile
G)strain

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the following terms with the description...

Question 11

Match the prokaryote with the correct description.
-​These live in temperatures that are not usually conducive to life.
A)halophiles
B)cyanobacteria
C)thermophiles
D)bacteria
E)methanogens

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the prokaryote with the correct description.
-​These...

Question 12

​Red algae ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​are primarily marine organisms 
B)  ​are thought to have developed from green algae 
C)  ​contain xanthophylls as their main accessory pigments 
D)  ​are actually brown 
E)  ​are primarily freshwater organisms 
A)  ​are primarily marine organisms 
B)  ​are thought to have developed from green algae 
C)  ​contain xanthophylls as their main accessory pigments 
D)  ​are actually brown 
E)  ​are primarily freshwater organisms

Question 13

_____, which occurs when two related viruses infect the same host at the same time, can lead to the emergence of new viral strains. Genetic isolation

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA mutation 
B)  Cell lysis 
C)  Viral reassortment 
D)  Genetic isolation 
E)  Reverse transcription 
A)  DNA mutation 
B)  Cell lysis 
C)  Viral reassortment 
D)  Genetic isolation 
E)  Reverse transcription

Question 14

​DNA is more stable than RNA for storing genetic information because ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​uracil needed for RNA synthesis is far less common than thymine needed for DNA synthesis 
B)  ​RNA breaks more easily and accumulates more mutations than DNA does 
C)  ​DNA is easier to build from its component molecules 
D)  ​DNA requires less energy to construct than RNA does 
E)  ​RNA molecules are longer than DNA molecules and thus more prone to breakage 
A)  ​uracil needed for RNA synthesis is far less common than thymine needed for DNA synthesis 
B)  ​RNA breaks more easily and accumulates more mutations than DNA does 
C)  ​DNA is easier to build from its component molecules 
D)  ​DNA requires less energy to construct than RNA does 
E)  ​RNA molecules are longer than DNA molecules and thus more prone to breakage

Question 15

Match the prokaryote with the correct description.
-​These produce methane.
A)halophiles
B)cyanobacteria
C)thermophiles
D)bacteria
E)methanogens

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the prokaryote with the correct description.
-​These...

Question 16

​Algins, thickening compounds used in the food industry, are obtained from ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​foraminiferans 
B)  ​brown algae 
C)  ​dinoflagellates 
D)  ​red algae 
E)  ​green algae 
A)  ​foraminiferans 
B)  ​brown algae 
C)  ​dinoflagellates 
D)  ​red algae 
E)  ​green algae

Question 17

Match the following bacterial diseases with the proper description.
-childhood respiratory disease
A)whooping cough
B)strep throat
C)cholera
D)gonorrhea

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the following bacterial diseases with the...

Question 18

Archaea ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  have cell walls composed of cellulose 
B)  most commonly replicate by sexual reproduction 
C)  are more closely related to eukaryotes than bacteria 
D)  are more closely related to bacteria than eukaryotes 
E)  have mitochondria 
A)  have cell walls composed of cellulose 
B)  most commonly replicate by sexual reproduction 
C)  are more closely related to eukaryotes than bacteria 
D)  are more closely related to bacteria than eukaryotes 
E)  have mitochondria

Question 19

What are the four main organic subunits found in all organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  protocell; fatty acids; nucleotides; simple sugars 
B)  amino acids; DNA; nucleotides; simple sugars 
C)  amino acids; fatty acids; RNA; simple sugars 
D)  amino acids; DNA; RNA; protocell 
E)  amino acids; fatty acids; nucleotides; simple sugars 
A)  protocell; fatty acids; nucleotides; simple sugars 
B)  amino acids; DNA; nucleotides; simple sugars 
C)  amino acids; fatty acids; RNA; simple sugars 
D)  amino acids; DNA; RNA; protocell 
E)  amino acids; fatty acids; nucleotides; simple sugars

Question 20

Match the following terms with the description to which they best correspond.
-​diverse lineage of eukaryotes
A)protist
B)prokaryote
C)photoautotroph
D)pathogen
E)protocell
F)halophile
G)strain

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the following terms with the description...

Exam 14: Prokaryotes, Protists, and Viruses

​Humans acquire their first microorganisms during ____.

​____ may have been the ancestors of cellular life.

It is hypothesized that ____ may have been the first informational molecule.

Experiments like those performed by Stanley Miller in the 1850s demonstrated that lightening-fueled atmospheric reactions could produce ____.

​According to scientific evidence, the first organisms on Earth must have been ____.

Label the figure below showing three mechanisms of gene exchange in prokaryotic cells. a. A b. B c. C -​transduction

The theory that early metabolic reactions occurred in rocks near hydrothermal vents is known as the _____hypothesis.

Match the prokaryote with the correct description. -​These can live in water of very high salt concentration. A)halophiles B)cyanobacteria C)thermophiles D)bacteria E)methanogens

The ____ protists may cause dysentery after drinking contaminated water. amoeba

Match the following terms with the description to which they best correspond. -​disease-causing agent A)protist B)prokaryote C)photoautotroph D)pathogen E)protocell F)halophile G)strain

Match the prokaryote with the correct description. -​These live in temperatures that are not usually conducive to life. A)halophiles B)cyanobacteria C)thermophiles D)bacteria E)methanogens

​Red algae ____.

_____, which occurs when two related viruses infect the same host at the same time, can lead to the emergence of new viral strains. Genetic isolation

​DNA is more stable than RNA for storing genetic information because ____.

Match the prokaryote with the correct description. -​These produce methane. A)halophiles B)cyanobacteria C)thermophiles D)bacteria E)methanogens

​Algins, thickening compounds used in the food industry, are obtained from ____.

Match the following bacterial diseases with the proper description. -childhood respiratory disease A)whooping cough B)strep throat C)cholera D)gonorrhea

Archaea ____.

What are the four main organic subunits found in all organisms?

Match the following terms with the description to which they best correspond. -​diverse lineage of eukaryotes A)protist B)prokaryote C)photoautotroph D)pathogen E)protocell F)halophile G)strain

Invitation to Biology

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Energy and Metabolism

Photosynthesis

Releasing Chemical Energy

Dna Structure and Function

Gene Expression and Control

How Cells Reproduce

Patterns of Inheritance

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Plants and Fungi

Animal Evolution

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

The Biosphere and Human Effects

Animal Tissues and Organs

How Animals Move

Circulation and Respiration

Immunity

Digestion and Excretion

Neural Control and the Senses

Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction and Development

Plant Form and Function

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Filters

Humans acquire their first microorganisms during ____.

____ may have been the ancestors of cellular life.

According to scientific evidence, the first organisms on Earth must have been ____.

Label the figure below showing three mechanisms of gene exchange in prokaryotic cells. a. A b. B c. C -transduction

Match the prokaryote with the correct description. -These can live in water of very high salt concentration. A)halophiles B)cyanobacteria C)thermophiles D)bacteria E)methanogens

Match the following terms with the description to which they best correspond. -disease-causing agent A)protist B)prokaryote C)photoautotroph D)pathogen E)protocell F)halophile G)strain

Match the prokaryote with the correct description. -These live in temperatures that are not usually conducive to life. A)halophiles B)cyanobacteria C)thermophiles D)bacteria E)methanogens

Red algae ____.

DNA is more stable than RNA for storing genetic information because ____.

Match the prokaryote with the correct description. -These produce methane. A)halophiles B)cyanobacteria C)thermophiles D)bacteria E)methanogens

Algins, thickening compounds used in the food industry, are obtained from ____.

Match the following terms with the description to which they best correspond. -diverse lineage of eukaryotes A)protist B)prokaryote C)photoautotroph D)pathogen E)protocell F)halophile G)strain