Question 1

How many codons specify the amino acid leucine?

Accepted Answer

A)  two 
B)  three 
C)  four 
D)  five 
E)  six 
A)  two 
B)  three 
C)  four 
D)  five 
E)  six

Question 2

Which enzyme unwinds the DNA during transcription?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​helicase 
B)  ​DNA polymerase 
C)  ​DNA replicase 
D)  ​RNA polymerase 
E)  ​RNA replicase 
A)  ​helicase 
B)  ​DNA polymerase 
C)  ​DNA replicase 
D)  ​RNA polymerase 
E)  ​RNA replicase

Question 3

Matching
​Match each term with the most appropriate description.
-​sites for polypeptide assembly
A)​anticodon
B)​rRNA
C)​codon
D)​ribosome
E)​genetic code
F)​translation termination
G)​messenger RNA
H)​promoters
I)​transcription
J)​translation

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching
​Match each term with the most appropriate...

Question 4

Identify the type of mutation associated with the following questions and statements. Some answers may be used more than once.
-Which type of mutation replaces glutamic acid with valine in beta globin proteins in individuals with sickle-cell anemia?
A)deletion only
B)insertion only
C)base-pair substitution
D)frameshift mutation

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the type of mutation associated with...

Question 5

Once the amino acid on the second tRNA bonds with the amino acid of the first tRNA, what happens to that first tRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  It remains attached to the rRNA. 
B)  It moves into the nucleus to get more instructions from mRNA. 
C)  It breaks down into its component nucleotides. 
D)  It leaves the ribosome and may pick up another amino acid. 
E)  It transforms into an mRNA molecule. 
A)  It remains attached to the rRNA. 
B)  It moves into the nucleus to get more instructions from mRNA. 
C)  It breaks down into its component nucleotides. 
D)  It leaves the ribosome and may pick up another amino acid. 
E)  It transforms into an mRNA molecule.

Question 6

Transcription starts at a region of DNA called a(n) _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​sequencer 
B)  ​promoter 
C)  ​activator 
D)  ​terminator 
E)  ​transcriber 
A)  ​sequencer 
B)  ​promoter 
C)  ​activator 
D)  ​terminator 
E)  ​transcriber

Question 7

Which nucleotide is added to the end of a completed messenger RNA transcript?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​adenine 
B)  ​thymine 
C)  ​cytosine 
D)  ​guanine 
E)  ​alternating adenine and thymine 
A)  ​adenine 
B)  ​thymine 
C)  ​cytosine 
D)  ​guanine 
E)  ​alternating adenine and thymine

Question 8

If the codon consisted of only 2 nucleotides, _____ codons would be possible.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​4 
B)  ​8 
C)  ​16 
D)  ​32 
E)  ​64 
A)  ​4 
B)  ​8 
C)  ​16 
D)  ​32 
E)  ​64

Question 9

In eukaryotes, DNA is transcribed in the _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​mitochondria 
B)  ​cytoplasm 
C)  ​ribosomes 
D)  ​nucleus 
E)  ​endoplasmic reticulum 
A)  ​mitochondria 
B)  ​cytoplasm 
C)  ​ribosomes 
D)  ​nucleus 
E)  ​endoplasmic reticulum

Question 10

How many nucleotides comprise one codon?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​2 
B)  ​3 
C)  ​5 
D)  ​6 
E)  ​16 
A)  ​2 
B)  ​3 
C)  ​5 
D)  ​6 
E)  ​16

Question 11

The tightly condensed nonfunctional X chromosome is called a(n) _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  Barr body 
B)  Y chromosome 
C)  autosome 
D)  X-linked chromosome 
E)  Watson segment 
A)  Barr body 
B)  Y chromosome 
C)  autosome 
D)  X-linked chromosome 
E)  Watson segment

Question 12

The toxicity of ricin has been known since ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  1588 
B)  1688 
C)  1788 
D)  1888 
E)  1988 
A)  1588 
B)  1688 
C)  1788 
D)  1888 
E)  1988

Question 13

A Barr body exists for the purpose of _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​gene dosage compensation 
B)  ​insuring fertilization 
C)  ​blocking the activity of the Y chromosome 
D)  ​turning on the SRY gene 
E)  ​activating master genes 
A)  ​gene dosage compensation 
B)  ​insuring fertilization 
C)  ​blocking the activity of the Y chromosome 
D)  ​turning on the SRY gene 
E)  ​activating master genes

Question 14

Ricin inactivates _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​proteins 
B)  ​ribosomes 
C)  ​DNA 
D)  ​transcription factors 
E)  ​mRNA 
A)  ​proteins 
B)  ​ribosomes 
C)  ​DNA 
D)  ​transcription factors 
E)  ​mRNA

Question 15

Which RNA acts as an enzyme?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​mRNA 
B)  ​rRNA 
C)  ​tRNA 
D)  ​mRNA and rRNA 
E)  ​rRNA and tRNA 
A)  ​mRNA 
B)  ​rRNA 
C)  ​tRNA 
D)  ​mRNA and rRNA 
E)  ​rRNA and tRNA

Question 16

Epigenetic modifications _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​are considered evolutionary 
B)  ​are completely reset during development 
C)  ​alter the DNA sequence 
D)  ​can persist for generations 
E)  ​respond less rapidly to environmental changes than altering the DNA sequence 
A)  ​are considered evolutionary 
B)  ​are completely reset during development 
C)  ​alter the DNA sequence 
D)  ​can persist for generations 
E)  ​respond less rapidly to environmental changes than altering the DNA sequence

Question 17

Transcription factors bind to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  promoters 
B)  stop codons 
C)  start codons 
D)  poly(
A)  tails 
E)  introns 
A)  promoters 
B)  stop codons 
C)  start codons 
D)  poly(
A)  tails 
E)  introns

Question 18

The master gene for male sex determination is located on _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​both X chromosomes 
B)  ​each autosome 
C)  ​the Y chromosome 
D)  ​the X chromosome 
E)  ​both X and Y chromosomes 
A)  ​both X chromosomes 
B)  ​each autosome 
C)  ​the Y chromosome 
D)  ​the X chromosome 
E)  ​both X and Y chromosomes

Question 19

​The difference between normal and sickle-cell hemoglobin is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​the number of amino acids in the molecule 
B)  ​the substitution of one amino acid for another 
C)  ​the number and orientation of the amino acid chains attached to the heme portion of the molecule 
D)  ​the number of oxygen molecules that can be carried 
E)  ​the types of blood cells that produce each protein 
A)  ​the number of amino acids in the molecule 
B)  ​the substitution of one amino acid for another 
C)  ​the number and orientation of the amino acid chains attached to the heme portion of the molecule 
D)  ​the number of oxygen molecules that can be carried 
E)  ​the types of blood cells that produce each protein

Question 20

Matching
​Match each term with the most appropriate description.
-​binds to ribosomes to begin translation
A)​anticodon
B)​rRNA
C)​codon
D)​ribosome
E)​genetic code
F)​translation termination
G)​messenger RNA
H)​promoters
I)​transcription
J)​translation

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching
​Match each term with the most appropriate...

Exam 8: Gene Expression and Control

How many codons specify the amino acid leucine?

Which enzyme unwinds the DNA during transcription?​

Matching ​Match each term with the most appropriate description. -​sites for polypeptide assembly A)​anticodon B)​rRNA C)​codon D)​ribosome E)​genetic code F)​translation termination G)​messenger RNA H)​promoters I)​transcription J)​translation

Once the amino acid on the second tRNA bonds with the amino acid of the first tRNA, what happens to that first tRNA?

Transcription starts at a region of DNA called a(n) _____.​

Which nucleotide is added to the end of a completed messenger RNA transcript?​

If the codon consisted of only 2 nucleotides, _____ codons would be possible.​

In eukaryotes, DNA is transcribed in the _____.​

How many nucleotides comprise one codon?​

The tightly condensed nonfunctional X chromosome is called a(n) _____.

The toxicity of ricin has been known since ____.

A Barr body exists for the purpose of _____.​

Ricin inactivates _____.​

Which RNA acts as an enzyme?​

Epigenetic modifications _____.​

Transcription factors bind to _____.

The master gene for male sex determination is located on _____.​

​The difference between normal and sickle-cell hemoglobin is _____.

Matching ​Match each term with the most appropriate description. -​binds to ribosomes to begin translation A)​anticodon B)​rRNA C)​codon D)​ribosome E)​genetic code F)​translation termination G)​messenger RNA H)​promoters I)​transcription J)​translation

Invitation to Biology

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Energy and Metabolism

Photosynthesis

Releasing Chemical Energy

Dna Structure and Function

How Cells Reproduce

Patterns of Inheritance

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Prokaryotes, Protists, and Viruses

Plants and Fungi

Animal Evolution

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

The Biosphere and Human Effects

Animal Tissues and Organs

How Animals Move

Circulation and Respiration

Immunity

Digestion and Excretion

Neural Control and the Senses

Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction and Development

Plant Form and Function

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Filters

Which enzyme unwinds the DNA during transcription?

Matching Match each term with the most appropriate description. -sites for polypeptide assembly A)anticodon B)rRNA C)codon D)ribosome E)genetic code F)translation termination G)messenger RNA H)promoters I)transcription J)translation

Transcription starts at a region of DNA called a(n) _____.

Which nucleotide is added to the end of a completed messenger RNA transcript?

If the codon consisted of only 2 nucleotides, _____ codons would be possible.

In eukaryotes, DNA is transcribed in the _____.

How many nucleotides comprise one codon?

A Barr body exists for the purpose of _____.

Ricin inactivates _____.

Which RNA acts as an enzyme?

Epigenetic modifications _____.

The master gene for male sex determination is located on _____.

The difference between normal and sickle-cell hemoglobin is _____.

Matching Match each term with the most appropriate description. -binds to ribosomes to begin translation A)anticodon B)rRNA C)codon D)ribosome E)genetic code F)translation termination G)messenger RNA H)promoters I)transcription J)translation