Exam 2: Biological Foundations: Heredity, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Of the three prenatal stages of development which is by far the longest?

Felicia is at the end of her pregnancy, and she is now in labor. She has been having contractions for about 18 hours, and her cervix is slowly dilating to approximately 10 centimeters. Which stage of labor is Felicia currently in?

In which type of prenatal testing is a grainy picture of the fetus generated that allows for identification of the child's position and, at a certain point, its sex?

Once a zygote implants itself in the lining of the uterus, it becomes a fetus.

________ refers to a birth complication in which umbilical blood flow is disrupted and the infant does not receive adequate oxygen.

The sac in which an embryo rests during the second stage of prenatal development is called the ________.

What was the most critical lesson about teratogens learned from studies on the use of the drug DES by pregnant women?

Which of the following statements supports the proposition that the presence of an X chromosome appears to be necessary for life?

Wendy is pregnant with her son, who will be named William. Wendy has been diagnosed with a specific illness, and she knew about this prior to getting pregnant. Although there is no way to know for sure if the illness will harm William during his development, the most likely symptoms of any such harm would include damage to his central nervous system, his teeth, and his bones. From which of the following illnesses does Wendy suffer?

Which of the following is NOT one of the physical changes that a woman is likely to experience after pregnancy?

A pregnant woman not getting enough healthy food, vitamins, and nutrients may put her baby at risk for all but which of the following?

Although there are many maternal illnesses that the placenta can protect the unborn child from, several can have teratogenic effects on the child's development. List five maternal illnesses that can disrupt normal prenatal development, and comment on the potential consequences of each condition.

________ involves mixing sperm and egg cells together in a Petri dish, and then placing several fertilized eggs inside the mother's uterus. The hope is that they will become implanted in the uterine wall and lead to pregnancy.

Monozygotic is to ________ as dizygotic is to ________.

Although in-vitro fertilization is successful approximately 75% of the time, it is very expensive and is rarely covered by health insurance.

Randi is pregnant for the first time. Given the frequency with which twins and triplets have occurred in her family, she is understandably concerned that she will have a multiple-birth pregnancy. If you were her gynecologist, which of the following prenatal tests would you recommend to either confirm or rule out the number of babies she is carrying?

Why is it that the United States has among the highest rates of infant mortality despite having such widely available medical care?

Pregnant women who regularly consume quantities of alcoholic beverages may give birth to babies with ________ (FASD).

Although an unborn child may be protected from many different maternal illnesses, such as colds and some strains of the flu, other illnesses can be extremely harmful to the baby. Which of the following is NOT listed as one of those illnesses?

In general, pregnancies are most likely to proceed normally when the mother is between the ages of ________ years.