Question 1

The first step in gluconeogenesis is

Accepted Answer

A) the reaction of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate. 
B) the reaction of pyruvate and carbon dioxide. 
C) the splitting of glucose into two pyruvates. 
D) the reaction of pyruvate to lactate. 
E) the isomerization of 2-phosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate. 
A) the reaction of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate. 
B) the reaction of pyruvate and carbon dioxide. 
C) the splitting of glucose into two pyruvates. 
D) the reaction of pyruvate to lactate. 
E) the isomerization of 2-phosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate. B

Question 2

The middle stage of catabolism is the point at which

Accepted Answer

A) macromolecules are made from monomers. 
B) glycogen is converted to glucose. 
C) acetyl CoA is produced. 
D) excess nutrients are stored as fats. 
E) monomers are produced from macromolecules. 
A) macromolecules are made from monomers. 
B) glycogen is converted to glucose. 
C) acetyl CoA is produced. 
D) excess nutrients are stored as fats. 
E) monomers are produced from macromolecules. C

Question 3

The first stage of catabolism is

Accepted Answer

A) digestion of large molecules. 
B) the citric acid cycle. 
C) production of acetyl CoA. 
D) production of pyruvate. 
E) buildup of macromolecules from monomers. 
A) digestion of large molecules. 
B) the citric acid cycle. 
C) production of acetyl CoA. 
D) production of pyruvate. 
E) buildup of macromolecules from monomers. A

Question 4

Under conditions of fermentation, pyruvate produces

Accepted Answer

A) acetyl CoA. 
B) glucose. 
C) FAD. 
D) carbon monoxide. 
E) ethanol. 
A) acetyl CoA. 
B) glucose. 
C) FAD. 
D) carbon monoxide. 
E) ethanol.

Question 5

When glucose is made from noncarbohydrate sources, the process is called

Accepted Answer

A) gluconeogenesis. 
B) lactate production. 
C) glucagon production. 
D) glycogenesis. 
E) glycogenolysis. 
A) gluconeogenesis. 
B) lactate production. 
C) glucagon production. 
D) glycogenesis. 
E) glycogenolysis.

Question 6

FAD is a coenzyme which usually participates in

Accepted Answer

A)  oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes. 
B)  decarboxylation reactions. 
C)  phosphorylation reactions. 
D)  formation of carbon-carbon double bonds. 
E)    
A)  oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes. 
B)  decarboxylation reactions. 
C)  phosphorylation reactions. 
D)  formation of carbon-carbon double bonds. 
E)

Question 7

The production of ethanol from glucose is termed

Accepted Answer

A)  dehydrogenation 
B)    
C)  glycolysis 
D)  gluconeogenesis 
E)  fermentation 
A)  dehydrogenation 
B)    
C)  glycolysis 
D)  gluconeogenesis 
E)  fermentation

Question 8

The energy for most energy-requiring reactions in the cells of the body is obtained by the hydrolysis of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) GTP 
B) ADP 
C) cyclic AMP 
D) AMP 
E) ATP 
A) GTP 
B) ADP 
C) cyclic AMP 
D) AMP 
E) ATP

Question 9

An acyl group contains at least ________ carbon atom(s).

Accepted Answer

A) one 
B) two 
C) three 
D) four 
E) five 
A) one 
B) two 
C) three 
D) four 
E) five

Question 10

Digestion of carbohydrates ends in the

Accepted Answer

A) mouth. 
B) small intestine. 
C) large intestine. 
D) stomach. 
E) pancreas. 
A) mouth. 
B) small intestine. 
C) large intestine. 
D) stomach. 
E) pancreas.

Question 11

The digestion of carbohydrates goes from

Accepted Answer

A) glucose to dextrins to maltose. 
B) polysaccharides to glucose to dextrins. 
C) polysaccharides to dextrins to glucose. 
D) maltose to polysaccharides. 
E) glucose to polysaccharides. 
A) glucose to dextrins to maltose. 
B) polysaccharides to glucose to dextrins. 
C) polysaccharides to dextrins to glucose. 
D) maltose to polysaccharides. 
E) glucose to polysaccharides.

Question 12

The overall process of glycolysis

Accepted Answer

A) is an anabolic pathway. 
B) produces 2 ATP molecules. 
C) uses up 4 ATP molecules. 
D) requires acetyl CoA. 
E) requires oxygen. 
A) is an anabolic pathway. 
B) produces 2 ATP molecules. 
C) uses up 4 ATP molecules. 
D) requires acetyl CoA. 
E) requires oxygen.

Question 13

What coenzyme is used in the following reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)  NADH 
C)    
D)  FAD 
E)  FMN 
A)    
B)  NADH 
C)    
D)  FAD 
E)  FMN

Question 14

Which of the following does NOT require energy from ATP hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

A) transport across cell membranes 
B) muscle contraction 
C) synthesis of an enzyme 
D) sending nerve signals 
E) digestion 
A) transport across cell membranes 
B) muscle contraction 
C) synthesis of an enzyme 
D) sending nerve signals 
E) digestion

Question 15

When glycogen is broken down into glucose, the process is called

Accepted Answer

A) glycogenesis. 
B) gluconeogenesis. 
C) glycogenolysis. 
D) glucagon production. 
E) lactate production. 
A) glycogenesis. 
B) gluconeogenesis. 
C) glycogenolysis. 
D) glucagon production. 
E) lactate production.

Question 16

The portion of coenzyme A that reacts with potential substrates is

Accepted Answer

A)  a   group. 
B)  an alcohol group. 
C)  an acid group. 
D)  a thiol group. 
E)  an amino group. 
A)  a   group. 
B)  an alcohol group. 
C)  an acid group. 
D)  a thiol group. 
E)  an amino group.

Question 17

FAD stands for

Accepted Answer

A) folic acid diphosphate. 
B) flavin adenine dinucleotide. 
C) folate adenosine diphosphate. 
D) flavin adenosine dinucleotide. 
E) fumarate alcohol dehydrogenase. 
A) folic acid diphosphate. 
B) flavin adenine dinucleotide. 
C) folate adenosine diphosphate. 
D) flavin adenosine dinucleotide. 
E) fumarate alcohol dehydrogenase.

Question 18

In biochemical systems, the term reduction often refers to

Accepted Answer

A) a gain of hydrogen or electrons by a compound. 
B) a loss of hydrogen or electrons by a compound. 
C) a loss of electrons. 
D) a gain in oxygen. 
E) an energy-releasing reaction. 
A) a gain of hydrogen or electrons by a compound. 
B) a loss of hydrogen or electrons by a compound. 
C) a loss of electrons. 
D) a gain in oxygen. 
E) an energy-releasing reaction.

Question 19

Overall, catabolic reactions

Accepted Answer

A) occur outside the cell membrane. 
B) take in energy. 
C) occur mainly in the liver. 
D) release energy. 
E) take place in the nucleus of the cell. 
A) occur outside the cell membrane. 
B) take in energy. 
C) occur mainly in the liver. 
D) release energy. 
E) take place in the nucleus of the cell.

Question 20

Protein synthesis takes place

Accepted Answer

A) in the nucleus. 
B) on the ribosomes. 
C) on the endoplasmic reticulum. 
D) in the cytosol. 
E) in the mitochondria. 
A) in the nucleus. 
B) on the ribosomes. 
C) on the endoplasmic reticulum. 
D) in the cytosol. 
E) in the mitochondria.

Exam 22: Metabolic Pathways for Carbohydrates

The first step in gluconeogenesis is

The middle stage of catabolism is the point at which

The first stage of catabolism is

Under conditions of fermentation, pyruvate produces

When glucose is made from noncarbohydrate sources, the process is called

FAD is a coenzyme which usually participates in

The production of ethanol from glucose is termed

The energy for most energy-requiring reactions in the cells of the body is obtained by the hydrolysis of ________.

An acyl group contains at least ________ carbon atom(s).

Digestion of carbohydrates ends in the

The digestion of carbohydrates goes from

The overall process of glycolysis

What coenzyme is used in the following reaction?

Which of the following does NOT require energy from ATP hydrolysis?

When glycogen is broken down into glucose, the process is called

The portion of coenzyme A that reacts with potential substrates is

FAD stands for

In biochemical systems, the term reduction often refers to

Overall, catabolic reactions

Protein synthesis takes place

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