Question 1

Which of the following muscles is the primary mover of trunk flexion?

Accepted Answer

A) External obliques 
B) Rectus abdominis 
C) Internal obliques 
D) Transversus abdominis 
A) External obliques 
B) Rectus abdominis 
C) Internal obliques 
D) Transversus abdominis

Question 2

In which direction is disc material displaced during spinal extension?

Accepted Answer

A) Anteriorly 
B) Laterally opposite direction of force 
C) Posteriorly 
D) Laterally same direction of force 
A) Anteriorly 
B) Laterally opposite direction of force 
C) Posteriorly 
D) Laterally same direction of force

Question 3

In which direction is disc material displaced during spinal flexion?

Accepted Answer

A) Anteriorly 
B) Laterally opposite direction of force 
C) Posteriorly 
D) Laterally same direction of force 
A) Anteriorly 
B) Laterally opposite direction of force 
C) Posteriorly 
D) Laterally same direction of force

Question 4

Which of the following movements results from unilateral contraction of the scalene muscles?

Accepted Answer

A) Contralateral lateral cervical flexion with contralateral rotation 
B) Ipsilateral lateral cervical flexion with contralateral rotation 
C) Bilateral cervical extension 
D) Bilateral cervical flexion 
A) Contralateral lateral cervical flexion with contralateral rotation 
B) Ipsilateral lateral cervical flexion with contralateral rotation 
C) Bilateral cervical extension 
D) Bilateral cervical flexion

Question 5

What lumbar ligament(s) is(are) the MOST likely source of low back pain if injured?

Accepted Answer

A) Posterior longitudinal ligaments 
B) Iliolumbar ligaments 
C) Nuchal ligament 
D) Supraspinous ligaments 
A) Posterior longitudinal ligaments 
B) Iliolumbar ligaments 
C) Nuchal ligament 
D) Supraspinous ligaments

Question 6

Which of the following statements BEST describes the anatomical orientation of lumbar facet joints?

Accepted Answer

A) Oriented 45° between frontal and transverse planes, supports significant rotation and lateral bending 
B) Oriented mainly in the frontal plane, allowing more lateral bending than flexion/extension 
C) Oriented closer to the sagittal plane, allowing mainly flexion and extension 
D) Oriented equally in all three planes 
A) Oriented 45° between frontal and transverse planes, supports significant rotation and lateral bending 
B) Oriented mainly in the frontal plane, allowing more lateral bending than flexion/extension 
C) Oriented closer to the sagittal plane, allowing mainly flexion and extension 
D) Oriented equally in all three planes

Question 7

Which of the following muscles elevates the first two ribs when the cervical attachments are relatively fixed?

Accepted Answer

A) Scalenes 
B) Sternocleidomastoid 
C) Splenius capitis 
D) Multifidus 
A) Scalenes 
B) Sternocleidomastoid 
C) Splenius capitis 
D) Multifidus

Question 8

Which of the following ranges of motion is MOST typical for thoracolumbar extension?

Accepted Answer

A) 10°-20° 
B) 45°-60° 
C) 35°-40° 
D) 21°-30° 
A) 10°-20° 
B) 45°-60° 
C) 35°-40° 
D) 21°-30°

Question 9

Which of the following statements BEST describes the influence of spinal flexion on the ligaments?

Accepted Answer

A) Both anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments are compressed. 
B) Anterior longitudinal is compressed, and posterior longitudinal ligament is stretched. 
C) Both anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments are stretched. 
D) Posterior longitudinal is compressed, and anterior longitudinal ligament is stretched. 
A) Both anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments are compressed. 
B) Anterior longitudinal is compressed, and posterior longitudinal ligament is stretched. 
C) Both anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments are stretched. 
D) Posterior longitudinal is compressed, and anterior longitudinal ligament is stretched.

Question 10

Which of the following muscles compresses the abdomen and helps stabilize the lumbar area?

Accepted Answer

A) Sternocleidomastoid 
B) Rectus abdominis 
C) Erector spinae 
D) Transversus abdominis 
A) Sternocleidomastoid 
B) Rectus abdominis 
C) Erector spinae 
D) Transversus abdominis

Which of the following muscles is the primary mover of trunk flexion?

In which direction is disc material displaced during spinal extension?

In which direction is disc material displaced during spinal flexion?

Which of the following movements results from unilateral contraction of the scalene muscles?

What lumbar ligament(s) is(are) the MOST likely source of low back pain if injured?

Which of the following statements BEST describes the anatomical orientation of lumbar facet joints?

Which of the following muscles elevates the first two ribs when the cervical attachments are relatively fixed?

Which of the following ranges of motion is MOST typical for thoracolumbar extension?

Which of the following statements BEST describes the influence of spinal flexion on the ligaments?

Which of the following muscles compresses the abdomen and helps stabilize the lumbar area?

Principles of Kinesiology and Biomechanics

Structure and Function of Joints

Structure and Function of Muscles

Additional Biomechanical Principles

Structure and Ventilation Function of the Thorax

Structure and Function of the Temporomandibular Joint

Structure and Function of the Shoulder Complex

Structure and Function of the Elbow Complex

Structure and Function of the Wrist and Hand Complex

Structure and Function of the Hip Complex

Structure and Function of the Knee

Structure and Function of the Ankle and Foot Complex

The Kinesiology of Gait

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Exam 5: Structure and Function of the Spine

Which of the following muscles is the primary mover of trunk flexion?

In which direction is disc material displaced during spinal extension?

In which direction is disc material displaced during spinal flexion?

Which of the following movements results from unilateral contraction of the scalene muscles?

What lumbar ligament(s) is(are) the MOST likely source of low back pain if injured?

Which of the following statements BEST describes the anatomical orientation of lumbar facet joints?

Which of the following muscles elevates the first two ribs when the cervical attachments are relatively fixed?

Which of the following ranges of motion is MOST typical for thoracolumbar extension?

Which of the following statements BEST describes the influence of spinal flexion on the ligaments?

Which of the following muscles compresses the abdomen and helps stabilize the lumbar area?

Principles of Kinesiology and Biomechanics

Structure and Function of Joints

Structure and Function of Muscles

Additional Biomechanical Principles

Structure and Ventilation Function of the Thorax

Structure and Function of the Temporomandibular Joint

Structure and Function of the Shoulder Complex

Structure and Function of the Elbow Complex

Structure and Function of the Wrist and Hand Complex

Structure and Function of the Hip Complex

Structure and Function of the Knee

Structure and Function of the Ankle and Foot Complex

The Kinesiology of Gait

Filters