Question 1

The adoption and later elimination of the sepaade tradition among the Rendille is an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  intentional cultural change 
B)  acculturation 
C)  diffusion 
D)  a maladaptive custom 
A)  intentional cultural change 
B)  acculturation 
C)  diffusion 
D)  a maladaptive custom A

Question 2

Emile Durkheim stressed that culture is something __________ us exerting a strong __________ power on us.

Accepted Answer

A)  outside; coercive 
B)  outside; limiting 
C)  inside; limiting 
D)  inside; coercive 
A)  outside; coercive 
B)  outside; limiting 
C)  inside; limiting 
D)  inside; coercive A

Question 3

What is the modal response for a cultural rule?

Accepted Answer

A)  the most frequently encountered response 
B)  the response that most people report as the ideal 
C)  the most rarely encountered response 
D)  the most extreme variation of a response 
A)  the most frequently encountered response 
B)  the response that most people report as the ideal 
C)  the most rarely encountered response 
D)  the most extreme variation of a response A

Question 4

Which of the following American norms might be seen as immoral or inferior by someone from another culture?

Accepted Answer

A)  putting a baby to sleep in its own room 
B)  wearing special clothing for sleep 
C)  sleeping in a bed 
D)  sleeping for 6-8 hours each night 
A)  putting a baby to sleep in its own room 
B)  wearing special clothing for sleep 
C)  sleeping in a bed 
D)  sleeping for 6-8 hours each night

Question 5

The Tapirapé of Brazil maintained their tradition of having very small families even in the face of extinction. This is an example of a(n)__________ custom.

Accepted Answer

A)  maladaptive 
B)  adaptive 
C)  integrating 
D)  constraining 
A)  maladaptive 
B)  adaptive 
C)  integrating 
D)  constraining

Question 6

The fact that monkeys and apes can learn new behaviors from each other __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  suggests that they have a culture 
B)  does not necessarily mean that they have culture 
C)  suggests that they are ancestral to modern humans 
D)  indicates that they have a rudimentary language 
A)  suggests that they have a culture 
B)  does not necessarily mean that they have culture 
C)  suggests that they are ancestral to modern humans 
D)  indicates that they have a rudimentary language

Question 7

What is one social condition that may give rise to rebellion and revolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  threats to recent economic improvements 
B)  high esteem given to authority 
C)  decisiveness of government 
D)  increasing support of the intellectual class 
A)  threats to recent economic improvements 
B)  high esteem given to authority 
C)  decisiveness of government 
D)  increasing support of the intellectual class

Question 8

The fact that a new behavior is not likely to become cultural if it has harmful reproductive consequences is consistent with what theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  natural selection 
B)  cultural relativism 
C)  optimal foraging 
D)  historical particularism 
A)  natural selection 
B)  cultural relativism 
C)  optimal foraging 
D)  historical particularism

Question 9

The process of cultural change known as __________ describes a situation in which a subordinate society adopts cultural traits or technologies through contact with a more powerful society,either through force or due to perceived economic or social advantages.

Accepted Answer

A)  acculturation 
B)  stimulus diffusion 
C)  unconscious invention 
D)  enculturation 
A)  acculturation 
B)  stimulus diffusion 
C)  unconscious invention 
D)  enculturation

Question 10

The ideal cultural traits of a society __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  consist of the ideas people have about how they ought to behave 
B)  consist of the cultural patterns that most people always exhibit 
C)  generally reflect the way a society was in the past 
D)  are usually followed by the most respected members of a community, but not necessarily by others 
A)  consist of the ideas people have about how they ought to behave 
B)  consist of the cultural patterns that most people always exhibit 
C)  generally reflect the way a society was in the past 
D)  are usually followed by the most respected members of a community, but not necessarily by others

Question 11

How do anthropologists take into account the wide range of behavioral variation seen in any culture? Explain the use of a modal response when describing a culture.

Accepted Answer

The ideal answer should includ

Question 12

Because a word or phrase can represent what it stands for,whether or not that thing is present,we say that language is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  symbolic 
B)  adaptive 
C)  interpretive 
D)  naturalistic 
A)  symbolic 
B)  adaptive 
C)  interpretive 
D)  naturalistic

Question 13

Why might a superior innovation not be adopted?

Accepted Answer

A)  The costs of adopting the new innovation might exceed the benefits. 
B)  People may not be intelligent enough to master the new technology. 
C)  The habits of the old system are more important than finding something that works better. 
D)  New innovations are generally viewed suspiciously for a while. 
A)  The costs of adopting the new innovation might exceed the benefits. 
B)  People may not be intelligent enough to master the new technology. 
C)  The habits of the old system are more important than finding something that works better. 
D)  New innovations are generally viewed suspiciously for a while.

Question 14

The conscious or unconscious pressure for cultural __________ will often produce cultural change.

Accepted Answer

A)  consistency 
B)  innovation 
C)  relevance 
D)  superiority 
A)  consistency 
B)  innovation 
C)  relevance 
D)  superiority

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of consistency of cultural traits?

Accepted Answer

A)  The English drive on the left side of the road, so they also have their steering wheels on the right side of the car. 
B)  Americans believe that eating dogs is wrong because they are sometimes kept as family pets, so they also avoid eating pigs. 
C)  The French often allow children to have wine, so they also have high rates of alcoholism. 
D)  The Japanese diet contains a lot of seafood, so they disapprove of raising a garden for food. 
A)  The English drive on the left side of the road, so they also have their steering wheels on the right side of the car. 
B)  Americans believe that eating dogs is wrong because they are sometimes kept as family pets, so they also avoid eating pigs. 
C)  The French often allow children to have wine, so they also have high rates of alcoholism. 
D)  The Japanese diet contains a lot of seafood, so they disapprove of raising a garden for food.

Question 16

Outline the major patterns through which cultures change,providing a definition and example for each.

Accepted Answer

The ideal answer should includ

Question 17

The !Kung hunter-gatherers of the Kalahari Desert in Africa live in small,nomadic groups and own few material possessions. Anthropologists refer to these cultural traits as __________ that help them survive in their social and physical environment.

Accepted Answer

A)  adaptive customs 
B)  maladaptive customs 
C)  assimilations 
D)  backward traits 
A)  adaptive customs 
B)  maladaptive customs 
C)  assimilations 
D)  backward traits

Question 18

How does material culture differ from the broader concept of culture?

Accepted Answer

A)  It consists of the physical products of customary behavior. 
B)  It is only present in societies with a market economy. 
C)  Material culture is related to wealth and high status. 
D)  Only material culture can be studied through historical records. 
A)  It consists of the physical products of customary behavior. 
B)  It is only present in societies with a market economy. 
C)  Material culture is related to wealth and high status. 
D)  Only material culture can be studied through historical records.

Question 19

A __________ is a group of people who occupy a particular territory and speak a common language.

Accepted Answer

A)  society 
B)  culture 
C)  family 
D)  subculture 
A)  society 
B)  culture 
C)  family 
D)  subculture

Question 20

Compare and contrast the attitude of ethnocentrism and glorification of other cultures. How can an awareness of these conflicting attitudes lead to more reliable anthropological data?

Accepted Answer

The ideal answer should include:
1.An ad

The adoption and later elimination of the sepaade tradition among the Rendille is an example of __________.

Emile Durkheim stressed that culture is something us exerting a strong power on us.

What is the modal response for a cultural rule?

Which of the following American norms might be seen as immoral or inferior by someone from another culture?

The Tapirapé of Brazil maintained their tradition of having very small families even in the face of extinction. This is an example of a(n)__________ custom.

The fact that monkeys and apes can learn new behaviors from each other __________.

What is one social condition that may give rise to rebellion and revolution?

The fact that a new behavior is not likely to become cultural if it has harmful reproductive consequences is consistent with what theory?

The process of cultural change known as __________ describes a situation in which a subordinate society adopts cultural traits or technologies through contact with a more powerful society,either through force or due to perceived economic or social advantages.

The ideal cultural traits of a society __________.

How do anthropologists take into account the wide range of behavioral variation seen in any culture? Explain the use of a modal response when describing a culture.

Because a word or phrase can represent what it stands for,whether or not that thing is present,we say that language is __________.

Why might a superior innovation not be adopted?

The conscious or unconscious pressure for cultural __________ will often produce cultural change.

Which of the following is an example of consistency of cultural traits?

Outline the major patterns through which cultures change,providing a definition and example for each.

The !Kung hunter-gatherers of the Kalahari Desert in Africa live in small,nomadic groups and own few material possessions. Anthropologists refer to these cultural traits as __________ that help them survive in their social and physical environment.

How does material culture differ from the broader concept of culture?

A __________ is a group of people who occupy a particular territory and speak a common language.

Compare and contrast the attitude of ethnocentrism and glorification of other cultures. How can an awareness of these conflicting attitudes lead to more reliable anthropological data?

What Is Anthropology?

Research Methods in Anthropology

Genetics and Evolution

Human Variation and Adaptation

Primates: Past and Present

The First Hominins and the Emergence of Homo

The Emergence of Homo sapiens and the Upper Paleolithic World

Food Production and the Rise of States

Communication and Language

Economics

Social Stratification: Class, Ethnicity, and Racism

Sex and Gender

Marriage, Family, and Kinship

Political Life: Social Order and Disorder

Religion and Magic

The Arts

Global Problems

Practicing and Applying Anthropology

Filters

Exam 9: Culture and Culture Change

The adoption and later elimination of the sepaade tradition among the Rendille is an example of __________.

Emile Durkheim stressed that culture is something __________ us exerting a strong __________ power on us.

What is the modal response for a cultural rule?

Which of the following American norms might be seen as immoral or inferior by someone from another culture?

The Tapirapé of Brazil maintained their tradition of having very small families even in the face of extinction. This is an example of a(n)__________ custom.

The fact that monkeys and apes can learn new behaviors from each other __________.

What is one social condition that may give rise to rebellion and revolution?

The fact that a new behavior is not likely to become cultural if it has harmful reproductive consequences is consistent with what theory?

The process of cultural change known as __________ describes a situation in which a subordinate society adopts cultural traits or technologies through contact with a more powerful society,either through force or due to perceived economic or social advantages.

The ideal cultural traits of a society __________.

How do anthropologists take into account the wide range of behavioral variation seen in any culture? Explain the use of a modal response when describing a culture.

Because a word or phrase can represent what it stands for,whether or not that thing is present,we say that language is __________.

Why might a superior innovation not be adopted?

The conscious or unconscious pressure for cultural __________ will often produce cultural change.

Which of the following is an example of consistency of cultural traits?

Outline the major patterns through which cultures change,providing a definition and example for each.

The !Kung hunter-gatherers of the Kalahari Desert in Africa live in small,nomadic groups and own few material possessions. Anthropologists refer to these cultural traits as __________ that help them survive in their social and physical environment.

How does material culture differ from the broader concept of culture?

A __________ is a group of people who occupy a particular territory and speak a common language.

Compare and contrast the attitude of ethnocentrism and glorification of other cultures. How can an awareness of these conflicting attitudes lead to more reliable anthropological data?

What Is Anthropology?

Research Methods in Anthropology

Genetics and Evolution

Human Variation and Adaptation

Primates: Past and Present

The First Hominins and the Emergence of Homo

The Emergence of Homo sapiens and the Upper Paleolithic World

Food Production and the Rise of States

Communication and Language

Economics

Social Stratification: Class, Ethnicity, and Racism

Sex and Gender

Marriage, Family, and Kinship

Political Life: Social Order and Disorder

Religion and Magic

The Arts

Global Problems

Practicing and Applying Anthropology

Filters

Emile Durkheim stressed that culture is something us exerting a strong power on us.