Exam 7: Cognition: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language

What was the original purpose of the first well established test of intelligence?

Which of the following would be an example of a stereotype threat?

What does the Flynn effect theorize?

If intelligence is determined primarily by heredity, which pair should show the highest correlation between IQ scores?

A person who comes up with as many different uses of a brick as possible, such as using them for doorstops, is a __________ thinker.

Give a definition and example of mental set.

An element of the formal definition of intellectual disability is __________.

Little Jonas is learning to speak, and it is clear to his parents that he understands far more words than he can say. Psychologists refer to this as a receptive-__________ lag.

Lynn and Ted bought a new house with an unfinished basement. To determine how they want to finish it, they lay down tape on the floor showing where walls will go and rooms will be. This process of problem solving is known as __________.

In order to show conclusively that animals do use language, one would have to demonstrate that the __________.

The divergent thinking technique of writing down everything that comes to mind about a topic without revising or proofreading until all of the information is recorded, and then organizing it later, is known as __________.

A block to problem solving that comes from thinking about objects only in terms of their most common or typical use is called __________.

An advantage of using a heuristic over an algorithm is that a heuristic __________.

When people are asked to relate how many windows they have in the place where they live, the amount of time to answer doesn't depend on the number of windows.

Stevenson gives all her classes 45 minutes to complete their psychology test regardless of if the class meets for 50 minutes, 75 minutes, or even 3 hours. Such a technique promotes test __________.

Gardner and his associates are known for proposing the __________.

__________ thinking works well for routine problem solving but may be of little use when a more creative solution is needed.

Garber works with children who have grown up in poor socioeconomic conditions. Many of her clients come from homes that do not emphasize education or social involvement, and opportunities for advancement are practically nonexistent. Many are malnourished, have been exposed to a variety of environmental toxins, and have multiple infections without adequate or timely health care. What might these children be at risk for?

A test can fail in validity while still being reliable.

Psychological tests that yield relatively consistent results are said to be __________.