Question 1

Urea is reabsorbed by the kidney because it acts as an antioxidant, protecting cells from damaging chemicals produced by metabolic reactions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

An animal can lose heat by ___________ even when the environmental temperature is greater than its internal temperature.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An animal can lose heat by ___________...

Question 3

As a cell takes up glucose from surrounding interstitial fluid,

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose will begin to diffuse back out of the cell because the concentration will eventually exceed that of the interstitial fluid. 
B)  solutes in the blood plasma will also begin to take up glucose from the interstitial fluid. 
C)  glucose will diffuse from blood plasma into the interstitial fluid. 
D)  glucose will begin to diffuse into and out of the interstitial fluid across capillary walls at the same rate. 
A)  glucose will begin to diffuse back out of the cell because the concentration will eventually exceed that of the interstitial fluid. 
B)  solutes in the blood plasma will also begin to take up glucose from the interstitial fluid. 
C)  glucose will diffuse from blood plasma into the interstitial fluid. 
D)  glucose will begin to diffuse into and out of the interstitial fluid across capillary walls at the same rate.

Question 4

One reason we get thirsty is that

Accepted Answer

A)  our kidneys cannot reabsorb about a bathtub's volume of water each day. 
B)  blood flowing through the glomerulus loses all of its salts. 
C)  blood in capillaries moves directly into tubules. 
D)  some water is lost in the production of a dilute urine. 
A)  our kidneys cannot reabsorb about a bathtub's volume of water each day. 
B)  blood flowing through the glomerulus loses all of its salts. 
C)  blood in capillaries moves directly into tubules. 
D)  some water is lost in the production of a dilute urine.

Question 5

Sweating results in heat loss by convection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Metabolic heat is generated by

Accepted Answer

A)  biochemical reactions. 
B)  contracting muscles. 
C)  taking this test. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  biochemical reactions. 
B)  contracting muscles. 
C)  taking this test. 
D)  all of the above

Question 7

A soluble waste product builds up in a cell. Which of the following takes place?

Accepted Answer

A)  The waste product first diffuses into a capillary. 
B)  The waste product first diffuses into the interstitial fluid. 
C)  The waste product first diffuses into blood plasma. 
D)  The waste product diffuses into the cell's plasma membrane and remains there, until the cell dies. 
A)  The waste product first diffuses into a capillary. 
B)  The waste product first diffuses into the interstitial fluid. 
C)  The waste product first diffuses into blood plasma. 
D)  The waste product diffuses into the cell's plasma membrane and remains there, until the cell dies.

Question 8

An organism that generates enough metabolic heat to contribute in an important way to its heat gain is known as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  ectotherm. 
B)  endotherm. 
C)  mesotherm. 
D)  basker. 
A)  ectotherm. 
B)  endotherm. 
C)  mesotherm. 
D)  basker.

Question 9

Examine the table below.  
Based on the data in this table, which organism is most likely to be an osmoconformer? Note that lobsters and flounders live in salt water and goldfish live in freshwater.

Accepted Answer

A)  lobster 
B)  flounder 
C)  goldfish 
D)  humans 
A)  lobster 
B)  flounder 
C)  goldfish 
D)  humans

Question 10

Ammonia is produced by the metabolism of

Accepted Answer

A)  fatty acids. 
B)  glucose. 
C)  proteins. 
D)  carbohydrates. 
A)  fatty acids. 
B)  glucose. 
C)  proteins. 
D)  carbohydrates.

Question 11

The distances between capillaries and cell surfaces near capillaries are

Accepted Answer

A)  too great for only diffusion to transport materials quickly enough. 
B)  so small that materials can diffuse quickly enough to move materials as needed. 
C)  so small that materials sometimes diffuse in the wrong direction. 
D)  just large enough to make transport of materials happen only one way at a time. 
A)  too great for only diffusion to transport materials quickly enough. 
B)  so small that materials can diffuse quickly enough to move materials as needed. 
C)  so small that materials sometimes diffuse in the wrong direction. 
D)  just large enough to make transport of materials happen only one way at a time.

Question 12

A molecule of ammonia leaving a cell would first move into

Accepted Answer

A)  a capillary. 
B)  the interstitial fluid. 
C)  the blood plasma. 
D)  a nephron. 
A)  a capillary. 
B)  the interstitial fluid. 
C)  the blood plasma. 
D)  a nephron.

Question 13

Heat can be gained or lost by radiation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

A breeze cools a hot, dry surface by

Accepted Answer

A)  conduction. 
B)  convection. 
C)  radiation. 
D)  evaporation. 
A)  conduction. 
B)  convection. 
C)  radiation. 
D)  evaporation.

Question 15

A person whose hands are being warmed by holding a hot cup of tea is gaining heat by

Accepted Answer

A)  convection. 
B)  conduction. 
C)  evaporation. 
D)  radiation. 
A)  convection. 
B)  conduction. 
C)  evaporation. 
D)  radiation.

Question 16

Kidneys conserve water but not solutes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Evaporation cools by radiation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The basic functioning unit of the kidney is the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The basic functioning unit of the kidney...

Question 19

As the filtrate moves through a nephron

Accepted Answer

A)  water is added to make a dilute urine. 
B)  solutes are combined with urea. 
C)  water and solutes are reabsorbed. 
D)  we get thirsty due to the salts that are taken back into the blood. 
A)  water is added to make a dilute urine. 
B)  solutes are combined with urea. 
C)  water and solutes are reabsorbed. 
D)  we get thirsty due to the salts that are taken back into the blood.

Question 20

__________ tissue, the interface between an organism and its environment, regulates the amount of water, heat, and other substances that are exchanged with the external environment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ tissue, the interface between an organism...

Exam 20: Maintaining the Internal Environment

Urea is reabsorbed by the kidney because it acts as an antioxidant, protecting cells from damaging chemicals produced by metabolic reactions.

An animal can lose heat by ___________ even when the environmental temperature is greater than its internal temperature.

As a cell takes up glucose from surrounding interstitial fluid,

One reason we get thirsty is that

Sweating results in heat loss by convection.

Metabolic heat is generated by

A soluble waste product builds up in a cell. Which of the following takes place?

An organism that generates enough metabolic heat to contribute in an important way to its heat gain is known as a(n)

Examine the table below. Based on the data in this table, which organism is most likely to be an osmoconformer? Note that lobsters and flounders live in salt water and goldfish live in freshwater.

Ammonia is produced by the metabolism of

The distances between capillaries and cell surfaces near capillaries are

A molecule of ammonia leaving a cell would first move into

Heat can be gained or lost by radiation.

A breeze cools a hot, dry surface by

A person whose hands are being warmed by holding a hot cup of tea is gaining heat by

Kidneys conserve water but not solutes.

Evaporation cools by radiation.

The basic functioning unit of the kidney is the _______.

As the filtrate moves through a nephron

__________ tissue, the interface between an organism and its environment, regulates the amount of water, heat, and other substances that are exchanged with the external environment.

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

Organizing the Diversity of Life

Major Groups of Living Organisms

Chemical Building Blocks

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA

From Gene to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

Evolution of Populations

Adaptation and Speciation

The Evolutionary History of Life

Animal Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

The Circulatory System

Animal Hormones

The Nervous System

Sensing the Environment

Skeletons, Muscles, and Movement

Defenses against Disease

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Interactions among Organisms

Communities of Organisms

Ecosystems

Global Change

Biodiversity and People

Cancer: Cell Division Out of Control

Harnessing the Human Genome

Humans and Evolution

Smoking--Beyond Lung Cancer

Feeding a Hungry Planet

Building a Sustainable Society

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