Question 1

Identify and describe Erikson s eight stages of human development.

Accepted Answer

Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development outlines eight stages that individuals go through as they grow and mature. These stages are:

1. Trust vs. Mistrust (Infancy): During the first year of life, infants learn to trust or mistrust their caregivers based on the consistency and reliability of their care.

2. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (Early Childhood): Toddlers begin to assert their independence and develop a sense of autonomy. If they are overly restricted or criticized, they may develop feelings of shame and doubt.

3. Initiative vs. Guilt (Preschool): Children start to take initiative in their activities and develop a sense of purpose. If they are made to feel guilty for their actions, they may develop a sense of guilt.

4. Industry vs. Inferiority (School Age): Children begin to develop a sense of competence and mastery in their skills and abilities. If they experience repeated failures, they may develop feelings of inferiority.

5. Identity vs. Role Confusion (Adolescence): Adolescents explore their sense of self and develop a clear identity. If they are unable to do so, they may experience confusion about their role in the world.

6. Intimacy vs. Isolation (Young Adulthood): Young adults seek to form close and intimate relationships with others. If they are unable to do so, they may experience feelings of isolation.

7. Generativity vs. Stagnation (Middle Adulthood): Adults strive to contribute to the next generation through work, family, and community involvement. If they are unable to do so, they may feel stagnant and unproductive.

8. Integrity vs. Despair (Late Adulthood): Older adults reflect on their lives and come to terms with the meaning and purpose of their existence. If they feel a sense of regret and despair, they may struggle to find meaning in their lives.

These stages represent the various challenges and conflicts that individuals face at different points in their lives, and successfully navigating through each stage contributes to healthy development and a sense of fulfillment.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT one of the components of Cooley s looking-glass self?

Accepted Answer

A)  our imagination of what we must really be like 
B)  our imagination of how our actions appear to others 
C)  our imagination of how others judge our actions 
D)  a self-judgment in reaction to the imagined judgments of others 
E)  none of the above 
A)  our imagination of what we must really be like 
B)  our imagination of how our actions appear to others 
C)  our imagination of how others judge our actions 
D)  a self-judgment in reaction to the imagined judgments of others 
E)  none of the above A

Question 3

Inherited units of biological material are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  instincts. 
B)  socialization. 
C)  personality. 
D)  genes. 
E)  outward self. 
A)  instincts. 
B)  socialization. 
C)  personality. 
D)  genes. 
E)  outward self. D

Question 4

Observers argue that media plays a socializing role on children that emphasizes:

Accepted Answer

A)  ideas about negotiation, cooperation, and abstractions like infinity, freedom, and justice. 
B)  positively valuing violence to solve problems in a hostile world. 
C)  developing a popular identity and entering into mature relationships. 
D)  cash exchanges over cultural traditions like honor, violence, and romance. 
A)  ideas about negotiation, cooperation, and abstractions like infinity, freedom, and justice. 
B)  positively valuing violence to solve problems in a hostile world. 
C)  developing a popular identity and entering into mature relationships. 
D)  cash exchanges over cultural traditions like honor, violence, and romance.

Question 5

Why isn t family socialization a predictable, universally documented experience?

Accepted Answer

A)  Children have different temperaments. 
B)  Families exist in subcultures in the larger society; children live in different worlds. 
C)  Genetic predispositions make socialization uneven. 
D)  This is a mystery about how parents morally reason. 
E)  Formal intuitive logic has cognitive roots, but application does not. 
A)  Children have different temperaments. 
B)  Families exist in subcultures in the larger society; children live in different worlds. 
C)  Genetic predispositions make socialization uneven. 
D)  This is a mystery about how parents morally reason. 
E)  Formal intuitive logic has cognitive roots, but application does not.

Question 6

Authorities rescue a young woman aged 14, raised in a cage by foster parents who rarely interacted with her. She cannot speak a language or behave in a socially acceptable way. The rescued girl lacks:

Accepted Answer

A)  secondary group identity. 
B)  biological stage development. 
C)  money for better care. 
D)  any experience with boys her own age, so she is socially shy. 
E)  primary socialization. 
A)  secondary group identity. 
B)  biological stage development. 
C)  money for better care. 
D)  any experience with boys her own age, so she is socially shy. 
E)  primary socialization.

Question 7

Erik Erikson s view of individual development differs from that of Freud in that Erikson stressed that development is a lifelong process.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

When young boys saw that a program or movie had a parental advisory on it, the effect was:

Accepted Answer

A)  moral development. 
B)  to make the program or movie more attractive to them. 
C)  fear over why they needed to be regulated from something parents watched. 
D)  confusion over what was in the movie or program. 
E)  Kohlberg s advanced stage of altruism or sacrifice for the sake of family norms. 
A)  moral development. 
B)  to make the program or movie more attractive to them. 
C)  fear over why they needed to be regulated from something parents watched. 
D)  confusion over what was in the movie or program. 
E)  Kohlberg s advanced stage of altruism or sacrifice for the sake of family norms.

Question 9

An inability to trust people and form relationships with others is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  identity crisis. 
B)  status conflict. 
C)  attachment disorder. 
D)  disaffiliation. 
E)  disconnection. 
A)  identity crisis. 
B)  status conflict. 
C)  attachment disorder. 
D)  disaffiliation. 
E)  disconnection.

Question 10

Cooley s theory of the looking-glass self works the way light shining on plants causes their development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Identify and discuss four key events in adult socialization.

Accepted Answer

1. Entering the workforce: When adults e

Question 12

Six-year-old Felicia pretends she is a doctor, operates on younger siblings, and tells them what they must do to feel better. According to Mead, Felicia is at the _____ stage.

Accepted Answer

A)  game 
B)  play 
C)  sensory motor 
D)  preparatory 
E)  self-other 
A)  game 
B)  play 
C)  sensory motor 
D)  preparatory 
E)  self-other

Question 13

One of Charles Horton Cooley s principal contributions to sociology was his idea that how we believe others will react to us is important in determining our behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

According to Freud, the _______ is the internal censor or conscience that represents society s norms and values as learned primarily from our parents.

Accepted Answer

A)  ego 
B)  id 
C)  superego 
D)  I 
E)  me 
A)  ego 
B)  id 
C)  superego 
D)  I 
E)  me

Question 15

Gender can be changed through surgery and socialization without the conscious will and consent of the person.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Instincts are socially accepted patterns of complex behaviors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

In his experiments with monkeys raised in isolation, Harry Harlow found that these monkeys:

Accepted Answer

A)  always preferred the imitation mother that gave them food. 
B)  preferred a soft cloth imitation mother with no food over a hard wire mother with food. 
C)  learned how to mate through instinct. 
D)  eventually learned to be good mothers themselves. 
E)  developed more quickly if the dolls were given tape-recorded monkey emotions. 
A)  always preferred the imitation mother that gave them food. 
B)  preferred a soft cloth imitation mother with no food over a hard wire mother with food. 
C)  learned how to mate through instinct. 
D)  eventually learned to be good mothers themselves. 
E)  developed more quickly if the dolls were given tape-recorded monkey emotions.

Question 18

Which of the following is needed by human infants if they are to grow and develop normally?

Accepted Answer

A)  frequent contact with other humans who demonstrate affection 
B)  people who provide adequate food and shelter 
C)  interaction with people who teach them the requisite physical and social skills 
D)  interaction with people who teach them their culture 
E)  all of the above 
A)  frequent contact with other humans who demonstrate affection 
B)  people who provide adequate food and shelter 
C)  interaction with people who teach them the requisite physical and social skills 
D)  interaction with people who teach them their culture 
E)  all of the above

Question 19

A society s shared view of right and wrong is called its:

Accepted Answer

A)  moral order. 
B)  cognitive order. 
C)  formal logical stage. 
D)  operational stage. 
E)  intuitive stage. 
A)  moral order. 
B)  cognitive order. 
C)  formal logical stage. 
D)  operational stage. 
E)  intuitive stage.

Question 20

The process of social interaction that teaches a child the intellectual, physical, and social skills needed to function as a member of society is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  identification. 
B)  social adjustment. 
C)  socialization. 
D)  social conditioning. 
E)  human modeling. 
A)  identification. 
B)  social adjustment. 
C)  socialization. 
D)  social conditioning. 
E)  human modeling.

Identify and describe Erikson s eight stages of human development.

Which of the following is NOT one of the components of Cooley s looking-glass self?

Inherited units of biological material are called:

Observers argue that media plays a socializing role on children that emphasizes:

Why isn t family socialization a predictable, universally documented experience?

Authorities rescue a young woman aged 14, raised in a cage by foster parents who rarely interacted with her. She cannot speak a language or behave in a socially acceptable way. The rescued girl lacks:

Erik Erikson s view of individual development differs from that of Freud in that Erikson stressed that development is a lifelong process.

When young boys saw that a program or movie had a parental advisory on it, the effect was:

An inability to trust people and form relationships with others is known as:

Cooley s theory of the looking-glass self works the way light shining on plants causes their development.

Identify and discuss four key events in adult socialization.

Six-year-old Felicia pretends she is a doctor, operates on younger siblings, and tells them what they must do to feel better. According to Mead, Felicia is at the _____ stage.

One of Charles Horton Cooley s principal contributions to sociology was his idea that how we believe others will react to us is important in determining our behavior.

According to Freud, the _______ is the internal censor or conscience that represents society s norms and values as learned primarily from our parents.

Gender can be changed through surgery and socialization without the conscious will and consent of the person.

Instincts are socially accepted patterns of complex behaviors.

In his experiments with monkeys raised in isolation, Harry Harlow found that these monkeys:

Which of the following is needed by human infants if they are to grow and develop normally?

A society s shared view of right and wrong is called its:

The process of social interaction that teaches a child the intellectual, physical, and social skills needed to function as a member of society is called:

The Sociological Perspective

Doing Sociology: Research Methods

Culture

Understanding Social Interaction

Social Groups and Organizations

Deviant Behavior and Social Control

Social Class in the United States

Global Stratification

Racial and Ethnic Minorities

Gender Stratification

Marriage and Alternative Family Arrange

Religion

Education

Political and Economic Systems

Health and Aging

Filters

Exam 4: Socialization and Development

Identify and describe Erikson s eight stages of human development.

Which of the following is NOT one of the components of Cooley s looking-glass self?

Inherited units of biological material are called:

Observers argue that media plays a socializing role on children that emphasizes:

Why isn t family socialization a predictable, universally documented experience?

Authorities rescue a young woman aged 14, raised in a cage by foster parents who rarely interacted with her. She cannot speak a language or behave in a socially acceptable way. The rescued girl lacks:

Erik Erikson s view of individual development differs from that of Freud in that Erikson stressed that development is a lifelong process.

When young boys saw that a program or movie had a parental advisory on it, the effect was:

An inability to trust people and form relationships with others is known as:

Cooley s theory of the looking-glass self works the way light shining on plants causes their development.

Identify and discuss four key events in adult socialization.

Six-year-old Felicia pretends she is a doctor, operates on younger siblings, and tells them what they must do to feel better. According to Mead, Felicia is at the _____ stage.

One of Charles Horton Cooley s principal contributions to sociology was his idea that how we believe others will react to us is important in determining our behavior.

According to Freud, the _______ is the internal censor or conscience that represents society s norms and values as learned primarily from our parents.

Gender can be changed through surgery and socialization without the conscious will and consent of the person.

Instincts are socially accepted patterns of complex behaviors.

In his experiments with monkeys raised in isolation, Harry Harlow found that these monkeys:

Which of the following is needed by human infants if they are to grow and develop normally?

A society s shared view of right and wrong is called its:

The process of social interaction that teaches a child the intellectual, physical, and social skills needed to function as a member of society is called:

The Sociological Perspective

Doing Sociology: Research Methods

Culture

Understanding Social Interaction

Social Groups and Organizations

Deviant Behavior and Social Control

Social Class in the United States

Global Stratification

Racial and Ethnic Minorities

Gender Stratification

Marriage and Alternative Family Arrange

Religion

Education

Political and Economic Systems

Health and Aging

Filters