Exam 7: All That Glitters Is Not Gold: The Problem of Error

In a hypothetical case‐control study with perfect measurement, the association between occupational resin exposure and lung cancer was OR=1.76.The data for this Association is provided in the Table below: What would the OR be if 10% of all those exposed had been misclassified as Unexposed, and 10% of all those unexposed had been misclassified as exposed?

What term best describes the misclassification in the previous question?

In prospective cohort studies, why is loss to follow‐up a source of selection bias?

In a case‐control study of the association between residence near a hazardous waste site and leukaemia, selection bias is likely to be a problem because:

You want to assess the effects of physical activity on study habits so you advertise at your local university for people to take part in your study.What type of selection bias Might this lead to?

What term best describes the misclassification in the previous question?

What would the OR have been if 10% of cases who were unexposed were misclassified as exposed, but all other groups were measured accurately?

To determine attack rates for a respiratory disease of unknown origin among people attending a conference, random samples of guests staying at four hotels were Surveyed for subsequent illness.Because it was not feasible to survey all guests, Random sampling provided the best information because:

In measuring an exposure in a prospective cohort study design, which biases are most readily avoidable?

A study was conducted to determine the side effects of 4 anti‐malarial drugs in a group of overseas volunteers in Cameroon.A self‐report questionnaire was given to each Participant and participation was voluntary.Each participant was asked to indicate Which drugs they had used and the severity of any side effects they had experienced Over the past two years.What kind(s) of bias would most likely be present in this Study? (Select all that apply)