Question 1

What is the population attributable risk in the same study?

Accepted Answer

A) 22.6 per 100 py 
B) 22.6 per 100,000 py 
C) 2.7 
D) 12.1 per 100 py 
E) 10.5 per 100 py
F)Noneoftheabove 
A) 22.6 per 100 py 
B) 22.6 per 100,000 py 
C) 2.7 
D) 12.1 per 100 py 
E) 10.5 per 100 py
F)Noneoftheabove E

Question 2

In the first 12 years of follow‐up of the Framingham Heart Study, the observed number of cases of angina was 1.6 times higher than the number expected based on
Population rates.What type of measure is this?

Accepted Answer

A) Prevalence rate 
B) Incidence rate ratio 
C) Risk ratio 
D) Adjusted incidence rate 
E) Standardised incidence (or morbidity) ratio 
A) Prevalence rate 
B) Incidence rate ratio 
C) Risk ratio 
D) Adjusted incidence rate 
E) Standardised incidence (or morbidity) ratio E

Question 3

In a study to determine whether tonsillectomy is associated with subsequent development of Hodgkin's disease, the estimated relative risk for those with prior
Tonsillectomy was found to be 1.9.From this we can conclude:

Accepted Answer

A) The case fatality rate is higher among patients who have had a prior tonsillectomy 
B) The incidence of Hodgkin's disease is higher among those who had a prior tonsillectomy 
C) Tonsillectomy appears to protect against the development of Hodgkin's disease 
D) Tonsillectomy should not be performed because it increases the risk of Hodgkin's disease 
E) None of the above 
A) The case fatality rate is higher among patients who have had a prior tonsillectomy 
B) The incidence of Hodgkin's disease is higher among those who had a prior tonsillectomy 
C) Tonsillectomy appears to protect against the development of Hodgkin's disease 
D) Tonsillectomy should not be performed because it increases the risk of Hodgkin's disease 
E) None of the above B

Question 4

1000 adults who presented to their local emergency department with a possible heart attack had a blood sample collected for laboratory tests.It was later found that 300 of
These people had not had a heart attack and the levels of triglycerides in the blood of
This group were compared with the levels among the 700 who had had a heart attack
Giving the following results:   The odds ratio for the association between high triglycerides and heart attack is:

Accepted Answer

A) 3.0 
B) 6.0 
C) 12.0 
D) 2.3 
E) It cannot be calculated from the data shown 
A) 3.0 
B) 6.0 
C) 12.0 
D) 2.3 
E) It cannot be calculated from the data shown

Question 5

Which of the following factors will influence the population attributable fraction? (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A) The relative risk of disease associated with exposure 
B) The incidence of the disease 
C) The prevalence of the exposure 
D) The prevalence of the disease 
E) All of the above 
A) The relative risk of disease associated with exposure 
B) The incidence of the disease 
C) The prevalence of the exposure 
D) The prevalence of the disease 
E) All of the above

Question 6

Which of the following measures is most useful for assessing the potential benefits of a preventive programme?

Accepted Answer

A) Relative risk 
B) Odds ratio 
C) Attributable fraction 
D) Population attributable fraction 
E) Case fatality rate 
A) Relative risk 
B) Odds ratio 
C) Attributable fraction 
D) Population attributable fraction 
E) Case fatality rate

Question 7

The strength of an association between exposure and disease is best measured by the:

Accepted Answer

A) Incidence rate of disease in the exposed group 
B) Attributable risk 
C) Attributable fraction 
D) Population attributable risk 
E) Relative risk 
A) Incidence rate of disease in the exposed group 
B) Attributable risk 
C) Attributable fraction 
D) Population attributable risk 
E) Relative risk

Question 8

To assess the association between Kawasaki syndrome (KS) and carpet shampoo, investigators conducted a case‐control study with 100 cases (children with KS) and 100
Controls (children without KS).Among the children with KS, 50 had a history of recent
Exposure to carpet shampoo.Among the controls, the number with a recent history of
Exposure to carpet shampoo was 25.For this study, the odds ratio was:

Accepted Answer

A) 1.0 
B) 2.0 
C) 3.0 
D) Cannot be calculated from the information given
  
A) 1.0 
B) 2.0 
C) 3.0 
D) Cannot be calculated from the information given

Question 9

A randomised, placebo‐controlled trial was conducted in Indonesia to study the effects of vitamin A in preventing deaths among children with measles.The investigators
Reported a relative risk of 0.60 for the intervention versus control group.This means
That:

Accepted Answer

A) Children receiving vitamin A were 40% less likely to die from measles than children receiving placebo 
B) Children receiving vitamin A were 60% less likely to die from measles than children receiving placebo 
C) The chance of dying from measles in the placebo group was 60% 
D) 60% of the children who died received vitamin A; the other 40% received placebo 
E) None of the above statements is true 
A) Children receiving vitamin A were 40% less likely to die from measles than children receiving placebo 
B) Children receiving vitamin A were 60% less likely to die from measles than children receiving placebo 
C) The chance of dying from measles in the placebo group was 60% 
D) 60% of the children who died received vitamin A; the other 40% received placebo 
E) None of the above statements is true

Question 10

The following table shows data from an epidemiological study.What is the rate difference?

Accepted Answer

A) 22.6 per 100 py 
B) 22.6 per 100,000 py 
C) 12.1 per 100,000 py 
D) 10.5 per 100 py 
E) 2.7
F)0.37 
A) 22.6 per 100 py 
B) 22.6 per 100,000 py 
C) 12.1 per 100,000 py 
D) 10.5 per 100 py 
E) 2.7
F)0.37

What is the population attributable risk in the same study?

In the first 12 years of follow‐up of the Framingham Heart Study, the observed number of cases of angina was 1.6 times higher than the number expected based on Population rates.What type of measure is this?

In a study to determine whether tonsillectomy is associated with subsequent development of Hodgkin's disease, the estimated relative risk for those with prior Tonsillectomy was found to be 1.9.From this we can conclude:

Which of the following factors will influence the population attributable fraction? (Select all that apply)

Which of the following measures is most useful for assessing the potential benefits of a preventive programme?

The strength of an association between exposure and disease is best measured by the:

A randomised, placebo‐controlled trial was conducted in Indonesia to study the effects of vitamin A in preventing deaths among children with measles.The investigators Reported a relative risk of 0.60 for the intervention versus control group.This means That:

The following table shows data from an epidemiological study.What is the rate difference?

How Long Is a Piece of String Measuring Disease Frequency

Who, What, Where and When Descriptive Epidemiology

Healthy Research: Study Designs for Public Health

Heads or Tails: the Role of Chance

All That Glitters Is Not Gold: The Problem of Error

Muddied Waters: The Challenge of Confounding

Who Sank the Boat Association and Causation

Assembling the Building Blocks: Reviews and Their Uses

Surveillance: Collecting Health-Related Data for Epidemiological

Outbreaks, Epidemics and Clusters

Prevention: Better Than Cure

Early Detection: What Benefits at What Cost

Filters

Exam 5: Why Linking Exposure and Disease

What is the population attributable risk in the same study?

In the first 12 years of follow‐up of the Framingham Heart Study, the observed number of cases of angina was 1.6 times higher than the number expected based on Population rates.What type of measure is this?

In a study to determine whether tonsillectomy is associated with subsequent development of Hodgkin's disease, the estimated relative risk for those with prior Tonsillectomy was found to be 1.9.From this we can conclude:

Which of the following factors will influence the population attributable fraction? (Select all that apply)

Which of the following measures is most useful for assessing the potential benefits of a preventive programme?

The strength of an association between exposure and disease is best measured by the:

A randomised, placebo‐controlled trial was conducted in Indonesia to study the effects of vitamin A in preventing deaths among children with measles.The investigators Reported a relative risk of 0.60 for the intervention versus control group.This means That:

The following table shows data from an epidemiological study.What is the rate difference?

How Long Is a Piece of String Measuring Disease Frequency

Who, What, Where and When Descriptive Epidemiology

Healthy Research: Study Designs for Public Health

Heads or Tails: the Role of Chance

All That Glitters Is Not Gold: The Problem of Error

Muddied Waters: The Challenge of Confounding

Who Sank the Boat Association and Causation

Assembling the Building Blocks: Reviews and Their Uses

Surveillance: Collecting Health-Related Data for Epidemiological

Outbreaks, Epidemics and Clusters

Prevention: Better Than Cure

Early Detection: What Benefits at What Cost

Filters