Question 1

What best explains why some organisms 'breed true" for certain traits?

Accepted Answer

A)  they have identical alleles for these traits 
B)  their parents had the same phenotype 
C)  both alleles for the trait are on the same chromosome 
D)  their genotypes match their phenotypes 
E)  they are heterozygous for these traits 
A)  they have identical alleles for these traits 
B)  their parents had the same phenotype 
C)  both alleles for the trait are on the same chromosome 
D)  their genotypes match their phenotypes 
E)  they are heterozygous for these traits

Question 2

The switching between asexual and sexual reproduction by water fleas is controlled by

Accepted Answer

A)  epistasis. 
B)  pleiotropy. 
C)  incomplete dominance. 
D)  codominant inheritance. 
E)  environmental effects. 
A)  epistasis. 
B)  pleiotropy. 
C)  incomplete dominance. 
D)  codominant inheritance. 
E)  environmental effects.

Question 3

Approximately, how many gene products are involved in the synthesis of melanin?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  25 
C)  50 
D)  100 
E)  1000 
A)  10 
B)  25 
C)  50 
D)  100 
E)  1000

Question 4

Which of the following is the best representation of a testcross?

Accepted Answer

A)  AA x aa 
B)  Aa x aa 
C)  AA x A? 
D)  A? x aa 
E)  AA x a? 
A)  AA x aa 
B)  Aa x aa 
C)  AA x A? 
D)  A? x aa 
E)  AA x a?

Question 5

If a single nondisjunction occurs during anaphase II of meiosis in a normal male cell from meiosis I, of the resulting sperm,

Accepted Answer

A)  three would be normal and one would have an extra chromosome. 
B)  two would be normal, one would have an extra chromosome, and one would be missing a chromosome. 
C)  two would have an extra chromosome and two would be missing a chromosome. 
D)  all four sperm would have an extra chromosome. 
E)  three would have an extra chromosome and one would be normal. 
A)  three would be normal and one would have an extra chromosome. 
B)  two would be normal, one would have an extra chromosome, and one would be missing a chromosome. 
C)  two would have an extra chromosome and two would be missing a chromosome. 
D)  all four sperm would have an extra chromosome. 
E)  three would have an extra chromosome and one would be normal.

Question 6

If R is dominant to r , the offspring of the cross of RR with rr will

Accepted Answer

A)  have a unique phenotype. 
B)  have the same phenotype as the RR parents. 
C)  have the same phenotype as the rr parents. 
D)  have the same genotype as the RR parents. 
E)  have the same genotype as the rr parents. 
A)  have a unique phenotype. 
B)  have the same phenotype as the RR parents. 
C)  have the same phenotype as the rr parents. 
D)  have the same genotype as the RR parents. 
E)  have the same genotype as the rr parents.

Question 7

Which of the following is true of the mutation that causes cystic fibrosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  it is an insertion mutation 
B)  the protein produced is normal 
C)  the protein produced is prevented from reaching the cell surface 
D)  the protein produced instead of being transported into the nucleus is transported into the Golgi body 
E)  more than one of these is true 
A)  it is an insertion mutation 
B)  the protein produced is normal 
C)  the protein produced is prevented from reaching the cell surface 
D)  the protein produced instead of being transported into the nucleus is transported into the Golgi body 
E)  more than one of these is true

Question 8

Which of the following is TRUE of the immediate impact of Mendel's publication in 1866 of the basic laws of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

A)  it gave Darwin the insight he needed into the mechanism of variation 
B)  it started a genetic revolution 
C)  it made Mendel one of the most famous scientists of his day 
D)  it did more than of these things (a - c) 
E)  it had no immediate impact 
A)  it gave Darwin the insight he needed into the mechanism of variation 
B)  it started a genetic revolution 
C)  it made Mendel one of the most famous scientists of his day 
D)  it did more than of these things (a - c) 
E)  it had no immediate impact

Question 9

A gene that produces multiple effects is called

Accepted Answer

A)  co-dominant gene. 
B)  an X-linked gene. 
C)  an epistatic gene. 
D)  a pleiotropic gene. 
E)  an incompletely dominant gene. 
A)  co-dominant gene. 
B)  an X-linked gene. 
C)  an epistatic gene. 
D)  a pleiotropic gene. 
E)  an incompletely dominant gene.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT associated with Marfan syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  skin lacking elasticity 
B)  loose joints 
C)  weakened aorta 
D)  short stature 
E)  mutated fibrillin gene 
A)  skin lacking elasticity 
B)  loose joints 
C)  weakened aorta 
D)  short stature 
E)  mutated fibrillin gene

Question 11

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are conditions caused by chromosomal nondisjunction. Select the EXCEPTION.

Accepted Answer

A)  Down syndrome 
B)  Huntington's disease 
C)  Turner syndrome 
D)  Klinefelter's syndrome 
E)  trisomy 18 
A)  Down syndrome 
B)  Huntington's disease 
C)  Turner syndrome 
D)  Klinefelter's syndrome 
E)  trisomy 18

Question 12

In cats, short hair ( L ) is dominant to long hair ( l ); if a short-haired cat of unknown genotype is crossed with a long-haired animal, and they produce one long-haired and one short-haired kittens, this would indicate that

Accepted Answer

A)  the short-haired cat was pure-breeding. 
B)  the short-haired cat was not pure-breeding. 
C)  the long-haired cat was not pure-breeding. 
D)  the long-haired cat was pure-breeding. 
E)  none of these could be determined with only two offspring. 
A)  the short-haired cat was pure-breeding. 
B)  the short-haired cat was not pure-breeding. 
C)  the long-haired cat was not pure-breeding. 
D)  the long-haired cat was pure-breeding. 
E)  none of these could be determined with only two offspring.

Question 13

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below describe gene make up. Select the EXCEPTION.

Accepted Answer

A)  genotype 
B)  homozygous 
C)  heterozygous 
D)  carrier 
E)  phenotype 
A)  genotype 
B)  homozygous 
C)  heterozygous 
D)  carrier 
E)  phenotype

Question 14

Observable traits are known in genetics as

Accepted Answer

A)  phenotypes. 
B)  genotypes. 
C)  homozygous. 
D)  heterozygous. 
E)  more than one of these. 
A)  phenotypes. 
B)  genotypes. 
C)  homozygous. 
D)  heterozygous. 
E)  more than one of these.

Question 15

In Hutchinson-Gilford progeria, which organelle is affected?

Accepted Answer

A)  lysosomes 
B)  mitochondria 
C)  Golgi bodies 
D)  nuclei 
E)  rough endoplasmic reticula 
A)  lysosomes 
B)  mitochondria 
C)  Golgi bodies 
D)  nuclei 
E)  rough endoplasmic reticula

Question 16

Most people of African, Asian, and Native American descent carry the same allele for the melansome gene. What is the function of the melanosome gene product?

Accepted Answer

A)  transport of melanin 
B)  distribution of melanin 
C)  basic synthesis of melanin 
D)  more than one of these 
E)  none of these - it is a mutated gene that is non-functional 
A)  transport of melanin 
B)  distribution of melanin 
C)  basic synthesis of melanin 
D)  more than one of these 
E)  none of these - it is a mutated gene that is non-functional

Question 17

The methylation and demethylation of regions of DNA triggered by changes in the environment and resulting in phenotypic changes are an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  pleiotropy. 
B)  environmental effects. 
C)  epistasis 
D)  epigenesis. 
E)  more than one of these. 
A)  pleiotropy. 
B)  environmental effects. 
C)  epistasis 
D)  epigenesis. 
E)  more than one of these.

Question 18

In a pedigree chart, a female showing the specific trait being studied is indicated by a

Accepted Answer

A)  clear square. 
B)  darkened square. 
C)  clear circle. 
D)  darkened diamond. 
E)  darkened circle. 
A)  clear square. 
B)  darkened square. 
C)  clear circle. 
D)  darkened diamond. 
E)  darkened circle.

Question 19

Tanya's son Micah has hemophilia A. Who else in Micah's family definitely has hemophilia A?

Accepted Answer

A)  his mother 
B)  his father 
C)  his mother's father 
D)  his mother's mother 
E)  his brother 
A)  his mother 
B)  his father 
C)  his mother's father 
D)  his mother's mother 
E)  his brother

Question 20

An allele is ____ if its effect masks that of a ____ allele paired with it.

Accepted Answer

A)  recessive; codominant 
B)  codominant; recessive 
C)  recessive; dominant 
D)  dominant; recessive 
E)  incompletely recessive; dominant 
A)  recessive; codominant 
B)  codominant; recessive 
C)  recessive; dominant 
D)  dominant; recessive 
E)  incompletely recessive; dominant

Exam 9: Patterns of Inheritance

What best explains why some organisms 'breed true" for certain traits?

The switching between asexual and sexual reproduction by water fleas is controlled by

Approximately, how many gene products are involved in the synthesis of melanin?

Which of the following is the best representation of a testcross?

If a single nondisjunction occurs during anaphase II of meiosis in a normal male cell from meiosis I, of the resulting sperm,

If R is dominant to r , the offspring of the cross of RR with rr will

Which of the following is true of the mutation that causes cystic fibrosis?

Which of the following is TRUE of the immediate impact of Mendel's publication in 1866 of the basic laws of inheritance?

A gene that produces multiple effects is called

Which of the following is NOT associated with Marfan syndrome?

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are conditions caused by chromosomal nondisjunction. Select the EXCEPTION.

In cats, short hair ( L ) is dominant to long hair ( l ); if a short-haired cat of unknown genotype is crossed with a long-haired animal, and they produce one long-haired and one short-haired kittens, this would indicate that

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below describe gene make up. Select the EXCEPTION.

Observable traits are known in genetics as

In Hutchinson-Gilford progeria, which organelle is affected?

Most people of African, Asian, and Native American descent carry the same allele for the melansome gene. What is the function of the melanosome gene product?

The methylation and demethylation of regions of DNA triggered by changes in the environment and resulting in phenotypic changes are an example of

In a pedigree chart, a female showing the specific trait being studied is indicated by a

Tanya's son Micah has hemophilia A. Who else in Micah's family definitely has hemophilia A?

An allele is ____ if its effect masks that of a ____ allele paired with it.

Invitation to Biology

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Energy and Metabolism

Capturing and Releasing Energy

Dna Structure and Function

Gene Expression and Control

How Cells Reproduce

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Early Life Forms and the Viruses

Plants and Fungi

Animal Evolution

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

The Biosphere and Human Effects

Animal Tissues and Organs

How Animals Move

Circulation and Respiration

Immunity

Digestion and Excretion

Neural Control and the Senses

Endocrine Control

Reproduction and Development

Plant Form and Function

Plant Reproduction and Development

Filters

An allele is if its effect masks that of a allele paired with it.