Question 1

The greatest concentration of nitrogen on earth is found in

Accepted Answer

A)  living organisms, including bacteria. 
B)  the atmosphere. 
C)  soil minerals. 
D)  fossil fuels. 
E)  oceans. 
A)  living organisms, including bacteria. 
B)  the atmosphere. 
C)  soil minerals. 
D)  fossil fuels. 
E)  oceans. B

Question 2

Where is most the Earth's phosphate found?

Accepted Answer

A)  ocean water 
B)  aquifers 
C)  the atmosphere 
D)  rocks and sediments 
E)  plants 
A)  ocean water 
B)  aquifers 
C)  the atmosphere 
D)  rocks and sediments 
E)  plants D

Question 3

Which of the following definitions is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)  A community refers to interaction between populations and their environment. 
B)  A community refers to interaction between species and their environment. 
C)  A community refers to the area in which different species live. 
D)  A community refers to all species that live and interact in a specific area. 
E)  None of these are correct. 
A)  A community refers to interaction between populations and their environment. 
B)  A community refers to interaction between species and their environment. 
C)  A community refers to the area in which different species live. 
D)  A community refers to all species that live and interact in a specific area. 
E)  None of these are correct. D

Question 4

Which of the following are threatened by red imported fire ants?

Accepted Answer

A)  native ant populations 
B)  ant-eating lizards 
C)  ground-nesting birds 
D)  native plants 
E)  all of these 
A)  native ant populations 
B)  ant-eating lizards 
C)  ground-nesting birds 
D)  native plants 
E)  all of these

Question 5

Solenopsis invicta is a species of ant that was introduced in the United States from

Accepted Answer

A)  South America. 
B)  Canada. 
C)  Asia. 
D)  Africa. 
E)  Europe. 
A)  South America. 
B)  Canada. 
C)  Asia. 
D)  Africa. 
E)  Europe.

Question 6

___ is the process that converts nitrate into nitrogen gas.

Accepted Answer

A)  Denitrification 
B)  Nitrification 
C)  Nitrogen fixation 
D)  Assimilation 
E)  Assimilation and nitrification 
A)  Denitrification 
B)  Nitrification 
C)  Nitrogen fixation 
D)  Assimilation 
E)  Assimilation and nitrification

Question 7

Two species of closely related squirrels both feed on acorns produced by oak trees. One species feed exclusively near the top of the tree and the other feeds exclusively towards the bottom of the tree. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  competitive exclusion. 
B)  resource partitioning. 
C)  mutualism. 
D)  commensalism. 
E)  mimicry. 
A)  competitive exclusion. 
B)  resource partitioning. 
C)  mutualism. 
D)  commensalism. 
E)  mimicry.

Question 8

The mycorrhizal relationship you studied in a previous chapter is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  commensalism. 
B)  mutualism. 
C)  competition. 
D)  predation. 
E)  parasitism. 
A)  commensalism. 
B)  mutualism. 
C)  competition. 
D)  predation. 
E)  parasitism.

Question 9

What percent of Earth's total primary production is supplied by the ocean's primary producers?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  30 
C)  50 
D)  70 
E)  90 
A)  10 
B)  30 
C)  50 
D)  70 
E)  90

Question 10

At the bottom or base of a pyramid of energy are the

Accepted Answer

A)  primary consumers. 
B)  primary producers. 
C)  secondary consumers. 
D)  secondary producers. 
E)  tertiary consumers. 
A)  primary consumers. 
B)  primary producers. 
C)  secondary consumers. 
D)  secondary producers. 
E)  tertiary consumers.

Question 11

About half of all Americans rely on ___ for their drinking water.

Accepted Answer

A)  glaciers 
B)  sea water 
C)  stream water 
D)  aquifers 
E)  lake water 
A)  glaciers 
B)  sea water 
C)  stream water 
D)  aquifers 
E)  lake water

Question 12

Resource partitioning is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  parasitism. 
B)  mutualism. 
C)  competition. 
D)  predation. 
E)  commensalism. 
A)  parasitism. 
B)  mutualism. 
C)  competition. 
D)  predation. 
E)  commensalism.

Question 13

An aquifer is most closely related to

Accepted Answer

A)  sea water. 
B)  lake water. 
C)  stream water. 
D)  glacial water. 
E)  groundwater. 
A)  sea water. 
B)  lake water. 
C)  stream water. 
D)  glacial water. 
E)  groundwater.

Question 14

Competitive exclusion is based upon the idea that

Accepted Answer

A)  one species will voluntarily allow the other to survive. 
B)  no two species can completely occupy the same niche. 
C)  the larger species will dominate the smaller. 
D)  competition is overrated as a factor in species survival. 
E)  two species can live together, if they share the same niche but only at alternate times. 
A)  one species will voluntarily allow the other to survive. 
B)  no two species can completely occupy the same niche. 
C)  the larger species will dominate the smaller. 
D)  competition is overrated as a factor in species survival. 
E)  two species can live together, if they share the same niche but only at alternate times.

Question 15

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are events that lead to secondary succession. Select the EXCEPTION.

Accepted Answer

A)  opening the canopy in a tropical rain forest 
B)  abandoning a cotton field 
C)  retreat of a glacier in Alaska 
D)  the finish of a fire 
E)  growth of weeds in a lawn that is not mowed 
A)  opening the canopy in a tropical rain forest 
B)  abandoning a cotton field 
C)  retreat of a glacier in Alaska 
D)  the finish of a fire 
E)  growth of weeds in a lawn that is not mowed

Question 16

Solenopsis invicta or red imported fire ants (RIFAs) are extremely successful in the United States because they

Accepted Answer

A)  are resistant to attacks from predators. 
B)  are resistant to most pesticides. 
C)  never get troubled with diseases. 
D)  are resistant to attacks from predators and never get troubled with diseases. 
E)  have all of these characteristics. 
A)  are resistant to attacks from predators. 
B)  are resistant to most pesticides. 
C)  never get troubled with diseases. 
D)  are resistant to attacks from predators and never get troubled with diseases. 
E)  have all of these characteristics.

Question 17

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are examples of mutualism. Select the EXCEPTION.

Accepted Answer

A)  plants and pollinators 
B)  plants and seed dispersal by fruit-eating animals 
C)  mycorrhizae 
D)  phorid flies and red fire ants 
E)  anemone fish and anemones 
A)  plants and pollinators 
B)  plants and seed dispersal by fruit-eating animals 
C)  mycorrhizae 
D)  phorid flies and red fire ants 
E)  anemone fish and anemones

Question 18

Which of the following is not a greenhouse gas?

Accepted Answer

A)  methane 
B)  nitrogen gas 
C)  carbon dioxide 
D)  nitrous oxide 
E)  chlorofluorocarbon 
A)  methane 
B)  nitrogen gas 
C)  carbon dioxide 
D)  nitrous oxide 
E)  chlorofluorocarbon

Question 19

Many introduced species have had deleterious effects on communities and ecosystems because

Accepted Answer

A)  coevolved parasites and pathogens are absent. 
B)  the introduced species are long-lived. 
C)  predators prefer the introduced species, and the local prey therefore proliferate to dangerously high levels. 
D)  the community from which they came lost an important predator, competitor, or parasite. 
E)  human beings do not know how to appreciate them. 
A)  coevolved parasites and pathogens are absent. 
B)  the introduced species are long-lived. 
C)  predators prefer the introduced species, and the local prey therefore proliferate to dangerously high levels. 
D)  the community from which they came lost an important predator, competitor, or parasite. 
E)  human beings do not know how to appreciate them.

Question 20

Carbon is stored in what form?

Accepted Answer

A)  biomass 
B)  fossil fuels 
C)  limestone rocks 
D)  shells of animals 
E)  all of these 
A)  biomass 
B)  fossil fuels 
C)  limestone rocks 
D)  shells of animals 
E)  all of these

Exam 17: Communities and Ecosystems

The greatest concentration of nitrogen on earth is found in

Where is most the Earth's phosphate found?

Which of the following definitions is CORRECT?

Which of the following are threatened by red imported fire ants?

Solenopsis invicta is a species of ant that was introduced in the United States from

___ is the process that converts nitrate into nitrogen gas.

Two species of closely related squirrels both feed on acorns produced by oak trees. One species feed exclusively near the top of the tree and the other feeds exclusively towards the bottom of the tree. This is an example of

The mycorrhizal relationship you studied in a previous chapter is an example of

What percent of Earth's total primary production is supplied by the ocean's primary producers?

At the bottom or base of a pyramid of energy are the

About half of all Americans rely on ___ for their drinking water.

Resource partitioning is the result of

An aquifer is most closely related to

Competitive exclusion is based upon the idea that

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are events that lead to secondary succession. Select the EXCEPTION.

Solenopsis invicta or red imported fire ants (RIFAs) are extremely successful in the United States because they

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are examples of mutualism. Select the EXCEPTION.

Which of the following is not a greenhouse gas?

Many introduced species have had deleterious effects on communities and ecosystems because

Carbon is stored in what form?

Invitation to Biology

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Energy and Metabolism

Capturing and Releasing Energy

Dna Structure and Function

Gene Expression and Control

How Cells Reproduce

Patterns of Inheritance

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Early Life Forms and the Viruses

Plants and Fungi

Animal Evolution

Population Ecology

The Biosphere and Human Effects

Animal Tissues and Organs

How Animals Move

Circulation and Respiration

Immunity

Digestion and Excretion

Neural Control and the Senses

Endocrine Control

Reproduction and Development

Plant Form and Function

Plant Reproduction and Development

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