Question 1

What is the flatness of abyssal plains associated with?

Accepted Answer

A)  The large amounts of sediment 
B)  The depth of abyssal plains 
C)  The pressure above the abyssal plains 
D)  The lack of sediment 
A)  The large amounts of sediment 
B)  The depth of abyssal plains 
C)  The pressure above the abyssal plains 
D)  The lack of sediment A

Question 2

A continental margin facing a spreading ridge is considered ____ and ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  a passive margin; converging 
B)  a passive margin; diverging 
C)  an active margin; diverging 
D)  an active margin; converging 
A)  a passive margin; converging 
B)  a passive margin; diverging 
C)  an active margin; diverging 
D)  an active margin; converging B

Question 3

How did the study of bathymetry progress with new technologies? Include important developments and events in history that impacted bathymetry.

Accepted Answer

Answer should include: 
·In 85 BCE, Posidonius began to study bathymetry in the Mediterranean Sea. He used two kilometers of rope with a stone at the end of it. The rope was hand lowered over the side of the ship until it hit the bottom. 
·The HMS Challenger used a similar method of lowering a rope, but then used a steam powered winch to move the line. 
·The sinking of the Titanic in 1912 led to the invention of the "Iceberg Detector and Echo Depth Sounder." This device was adapted for Naval use by the United States in 1922. It was then used on the German research vessel Meteor a few years later. 
·Single beam echo sounders improved and multiple beams were attached to the hulls of ships resulting in a multibeam echo sounder. The multibeam sounder produced more detailed images because it generated additional beams of sound. 
·Satellites have increased the amount of information available about the seafloors. Satellites are efficient and accurate. They measure the surface height of the ocean which varies with different bathymetric features. 
 Information can be found in the section Ocean Floor Is Mapped by Bathymetry .

Question 4

Describe what trenches and island arcs are. Why are these features linked with large earthquakes and tsunamis?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe what trenches and island arcs are....

Question 5

Who led the earliest bathymetric studies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Captain James Cook 
B)  Posidonius 
C)  Scientists of the HMS Challenger 
D)  Aristotle 
A)  Captain James Cook 
B)  Posidonius 
C)  Scientists of the HMS Challenger 
D)  Aristotle

Question 6

John Murray was an oceanographer who sailed on the HMS Challenger between 1872 and 1876 and he completed the following

Accepted Answer

A)  Edited 50 volumes that resulted from the HMS Challenger expedition 
B)  Used satellites to pinpoint his position along his expedition 
C)  Discovered deep sea vents 
D)  Provide evidence of chemosynthesis 
A)  Edited 50 volumes that resulted from the HMS Challenger expedition 
B)  Used satellites to pinpoint his position along his expedition 
C)  Discovered deep sea vents 
D)  Provide evidence of chemosynthesis

Question 7

What offsets the mid-Atlantic ridge's movement at fairly regular intervals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrothermal vents 
B)  Cooling lithosphere 
C)  Transform faults 
D)  Seamounts 
A)  Hydrothermal vents 
B)  Cooling lithosphere 
C)  Transform faults 
D)  Seamounts

Question 8

What is a characteristic of the water that is expelled from hydrothermal vents?

Accepted Answer

A)  The water is colder than when entering the vent 
B)  The water is enriched with metals. 
C)  The water has higher concentrations of organic material 
D)  The water has lower concentrations of dissolved gases 
A)  The water is colder than when entering the vent 
B)  The water is enriched with metals. 
C)  The water has higher concentrations of organic material 
D)  The water has lower concentrations of dissolved gases

Question 9

The sinking of the RMS Titanic fueled research that would change the science of bathymetry.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What is a hydrothermal vent? What process is involved in their making? Who is responsible for discovering these vents?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is a hydrothermal vent? What process...

Question 11

What vessel made the first continuous profile across the ocean?

Accepted Answer

A)  USS Stewart 
B)  HMS Challenger 
C)  Meteor 
D)  Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter 
A)  USS Stewart 
B)  HMS Challenger 
C)  Meteor 
D)  Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter

Question 12

What type of margin is generally steep?

Accepted Answer

A)  Passive margin 
B)  Active margin 
C)  Continental margin 
D)  Shelf breaks 
A)  Passive margin 
B)  Active margin 
C)  Continental margin 
D)  Shelf breaks

Question 13

What type of bathymetric feature was heavily influenced by wave action at some point in its history?

Accepted Answer

A)  Abyssal hill 
B)  Seamount 
C)  Guyot 
D)  Trench 
A)  Abyssal hill 
B)  Seamount 
C)  Guyot 
D)  Trench

Question 14

Deep-ocean basins can be covered by sediments up to 5 kilometers (3 miles) thick.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Continental rises are found along active margins due to the variation in topography.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Over half of the Earth's solid surface is at least 3,000 meters below sea level.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

What process explains how hydrothermal vents are created?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fracture zones 
B)  Conduction 
C)  Convection 
D)  Pressure 
A)  Fracture zones 
B)  Conduction 
C)  Convection 
D)  Pressure

Question 18

What is the origin of most abyssal plain sediments?

Accepted Answer

A)  Deep-ocean basalt 
B)  Biological activity 
C)  New crust development 
D)  Erosion from the continent 
A)  Deep-ocean basalt 
B)  Biological activity 
C)  New crust development 
D)  Erosion from the continent

Question 19

What is considered an important factor in shaping western boundary continental rises?

Accepted Answer

A)  Turbidity currents 
B)  The width of the shelf slope 
C)  Erosion rates 
D)  Deep-ocean currents 
A)  Turbidity currents 
B)  The width of the shelf slope 
C)  Erosion rates 
D)  Deep-ocean currents

Question 20

Fracture zones are seismically inactive areas that show evidence of past transform fault activity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

What is the flatness of abyssal plains associated with?

A continental margin facing a spreading ridge is considered and .

How did the study of bathymetry progress with new technologies? Include important developments and events in history that impacted bathymetry.

Describe what trenches and island arcs are. Why are these features linked with large earthquakes and tsunamis?

Who led the earliest bathymetric studies?

John Murray was an oceanographer who sailed on the HMS Challenger between 1872 and 1876 and he completed the following

What offsets the mid-Atlantic ridge's movement at fairly regular intervals?

What is a characteristic of the water that is expelled from hydrothermal vents?

The sinking of the RMS Titanic fueled research that would change the science of bathymetry.

What is a hydrothermal vent? What process is involved in their making? Who is responsible for discovering these vents?

What vessel made the first continuous profile across the ocean?

What type of margin is generally steep?

What type of bathymetric feature was heavily influenced by wave action at some point in its history?

Deep-ocean basins can be covered by sediments up to 5 kilometers (3 miles) thick.

Continental rises are found along active margins due to the variation in topography.

Over half of the Earth's solid surface is at least 3,000 meters below sea level.

What process explains how hydrothermal vents are created?

What is the origin of most abyssal plain sediments?

What is considered an important factor in shaping western boundary continental rises?

Fracture zones are seismically inactive areas that show evidence of past transform fault activity.

The Origin of the Ocean

A History of Marine Science

Earth Structure and Plate Tectonics

Ocean Sediments

Water and Ocean Structure

Ocean Chemistry

Circulation of the Atmosphere

Circulation of the Ocean

Waves

Tides

Coasts

Life in the Ocean

Plankton, Algae, and Plants

Marine Animals

Marine Communities

Marine Resources

The Ocean and the Environment

Filters

Exam 4: Ocean Basins

What is the flatness of abyssal plains associated with?

A continental margin facing a spreading ridge is considered ____ and ____.

How did the study of bathymetry progress with new technologies? Include important developments and events in history that impacted bathymetry.

Describe what trenches and island arcs are. Why are these features linked with large earthquakes and tsunamis?

Who led the earliest bathymetric studies?

John Murray was an oceanographer who sailed on the HMS Challenger between 1872 and 1876 and he completed the following

What offsets the mid-Atlantic ridge's movement at fairly regular intervals?

What is a characteristic of the water that is expelled from hydrothermal vents?

The sinking of the RMS Titanic fueled research that would change the science of bathymetry.

What is a hydrothermal vent? What process is involved in their making? Who is responsible for discovering these vents?

What vessel made the first continuous profile across the ocean?

What type of margin is generally steep?

What type of bathymetric feature was heavily influenced by wave action at some point in its history?

Deep-ocean basins can be covered by sediments up to 5 kilometers (3 miles) thick.

Continental rises are found along active margins due to the variation in topography.

Over half of the Earth's solid surface is at least 3,000 meters below sea level.

What process explains how hydrothermal vents are created?

What is the origin of most abyssal plain sediments?

What is considered an important factor in shaping western boundary continental rises?

Fracture zones are seismically inactive areas that show evidence of past transform fault activity.

The Origin of the Ocean

A History of Marine Science

Earth Structure and Plate Tectonics

Ocean Sediments

Water and Ocean Structure

Ocean Chemistry

Circulation of the Atmosphere

Circulation of the Ocean

Waves

Tides

Coasts

Life in the Ocean

Plankton, Algae, and Plants

Marine Animals

Marine Communities

Marine Resources

The Ocean and the Environment

Filters

A continental margin facing a spreading ridge is considered and .