Question 1

The refractive index of seawater:

Accepted Answer

A)  is greater than freshwater. 
B)  is less than freshwater. 
C)  is equal to freshwater. 
D)  decreases with increasing salinity. 
A)  is greater than freshwater. 
B)  is less than freshwater. 
C)  is equal to freshwater. 
D)  decreases with increasing salinity. A

Question 2

As pure water approaches its freezing point, the density decreases. Why does this happen?

Accepted Answer

A)  The water compresses into ice. 
B)  The hydrogen bonds become rigid, allowing it to expand slightly. 
C)  The hydrogen bonds break as the molecules compress. 
D)  Ice takes up a smaller surface area than liquid water. 
A)  The water compresses into ice. 
B)  The hydrogen bonds become rigid, allowing it to expand slightly. 
C)  The hydrogen bonds break as the molecules compress. 
D)  Ice takes up a smaller surface area than liquid water. B

Question 3

Which is not a characteristic of thermoclines?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tropical thermoclines are deeper than those at higher latitudes. 
B)  Thermoclines are not identical in form. 
C)  Polar waters tend to lack thermoclines. 
D)  Thermoclines are more abrupt in the high latitudes. 
A)  Tropical thermoclines are deeper than those at higher latitudes. 
B)  Thermoclines are not identical in form. 
C)  Polar waters tend to lack thermoclines. 
D)  Thermoclines are more abrupt in the high latitudes. D

Question 4

The amount of heat energy transferred in the ocean is significantly higher than that in the atmosphere.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The polarity of water makes it able to dissolve many compounds.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Why is the sofar layer efficient for sound travel?

Accepted Answer

A)  Refraction causes the sound energy to remain within the layer. 
B)  The density of the sofar layer traps the sound energy. 
C)  Sound energy bends away from layers of lower sound velocity. 
D)  Temperatures and salinity conditions are homogeneous. 
A)  Refraction causes the sound energy to remain within the layer. 
B)  The density of the sofar layer traps the sound energy. 
C)  Sound energy bends away from layers of lower sound velocity. 
D)  Temperatures and salinity conditions are homogeneous.

Question 7

The same amount of heat energy is needed for latent heat of fusion as the latent heat of vaporization.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Lower frequencies of sound are absorbed sooner than higher frequencies in water.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

What is a shadow zone?

Accepted Answer

A)  A zone that is unable to be penetrated by sound waves due to the density of seawater. 
B)  A zone that is unable to be penetrated by light waves due to deep depths. 
C)  A zone created in front of ships and submarines that creates a converging blind spot for sound waves. 
D)  A zone where the divergence of sound waves creates a region that has little sound energy penetration. 
A)  A zone that is unable to be penetrated by sound waves due to the density of seawater. 
B)  A zone that is unable to be penetrated by light waves due to deep depths. 
C)  A zone created in front of ships and submarines that creates a converging blind spot for sound waves. 
D)  A zone where the divergence of sound waves creates a region that has little sound energy penetration.

Question 10

What is the typical depth of light penetration in the open ocean?

Accepted Answer

A)  40 meters 
B)  100 meters 
C)  330 meters 
D)  600 meters 
A)  40 meters 
B)  100 meters 
C)  330 meters 
D)  600 meters

Question 11

Which does not have an effect on water's density?

Accepted Answer

A)  Temperature 
B)  Pressure 
C)  Viscosity 
D)  Salinity 
A)  Temperature 
B)  Pressure 
C)  Viscosity 
D)  Salinity

Question 12

____ connect(s) atoms by sharing the energy of paired electrons.

Accepted Answer

A)  Covalent bonds 
B)  Hydrogen bonds 
C)  Cohesion 
D)  Adhesion 
A)  Covalent bonds 
B)  Hydrogen bonds 
C)  Cohesion 
D)  Adhesion

Question 13

Why is ice effective at cooling drinks?

Accepted Answer

A)  The sensible heat loss of water 
B)  The heat capacity of water 
C)  The latent heat of fusion 
D)  The diffusion of heat energy 
A)  The sensible heat loss of water 
B)  The heat capacity of water 
C)  The latent heat of fusion 
D)  The diffusion of heat energy

Question 14

The annual freezing and thawing of ice is a major factor on the regulation of temperatures on Earth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

What important characteristic of water is the blue color attributed to?

Accepted Answer

A)  The large oxygen atoms 
B)  The covalent bonds 
C)  Adhesion to other solids 
D)  The hydrogen bonds 
A)  The large oxygen atoms 
B)  The covalent bonds 
C)  Adhesion to other solids 
D)  The hydrogen bonds

Question 16

Why does the latent heat of vaporization require so much heat energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  The energy is needed to break the strong covalent bonds. 
B)  The energy is required to stabilize bond vibrations. 
C)  The energy is used to break the hydrogen bonds. 
D)  All of these choices. 
A)  The energy is needed to break the strong covalent bonds. 
B)  The energy is required to stabilize bond vibrations. 
C)  The energy is used to break the hydrogen bonds. 
D)  All of these choices.

Question 17

What is the structure of carbon dioxide an example of?

Accepted Answer

A)  An element 
B)  An atom 
C)  A compound 
D)  A polar molecule 
A)  An element 
B)  An atom 
C)  A compound 
D)  A polar molecule

Question 18

Why does the ocean not boil or freeze solid in different regions of the world?

Accepted Answer

A)  The latent heat of fusion and vaporization balance the heat energy inputs and outputs. 
B)  Heat is able to be transferred to water vapor. 
C)  Heat is transported by oceanic and atmospheric circulation. 
D)  The thermal inertia of water is low in certain regions. 
A)  The latent heat of fusion and vaporization balance the heat energy inputs and outputs. 
B)  Heat is able to be transferred to water vapor. 
C)  Heat is transported by oceanic and atmospheric circulation. 
D)  The thermal inertia of water is low in certain regions.

Question 19

The latent heat of seawater is different than pure water due to the dissolved solids and gases present.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Sound and light waves bend because they travel at different speeds in different media.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

The refractive index of seawater:

As pure water approaches its freezing point, the density decreases. Why does this happen?

Which is not a characteristic of thermoclines?

The amount of heat energy transferred in the ocean is significantly higher than that in the atmosphere.

The polarity of water makes it able to dissolve many compounds.

Why is the sofar layer efficient for sound travel?

The same amount of heat energy is needed for latent heat of fusion as the latent heat of vaporization.

Lower frequencies of sound are absorbed sooner than higher frequencies in water.

What is a shadow zone?

What is the typical depth of light penetration in the open ocean?

Which does not have an effect on water's density?

____ connect(s) atoms by sharing the energy of paired electrons.

Why is ice effective at cooling drinks?

The annual freezing and thawing of ice is a major factor on the regulation of temperatures on Earth.

What important characteristic of water is the blue color attributed to?

Why does the latent heat of vaporization require so much heat energy?

What is the structure of carbon dioxide an example of?

Why does the ocean not boil or freeze solid in different regions of the world?

The latent heat of seawater is different than pure water due to the dissolved solids and gases present.

Sound and light waves bend because they travel at different speeds in different media.

The Origin of the Ocean

A History of Marine Science

Earth Structure and Plate Tectonics

Ocean Basins

Ocean Sediments

Ocean Chemistry

Circulation of the Atmosphere

Circulation of the Ocean

Waves

Tides

Coasts

Life in the Ocean

Plankton, Algae, and Plants

Marine Animals

Marine Communities

Marine Resources

The Ocean and the Environment

Filters

Exam 6: Water and Ocean Structure

The refractive index of seawater:

As pure water approaches its freezing point, the density decreases. Why does this happen?

Which is not a characteristic of thermoclines?

The amount of heat energy transferred in the ocean is significantly higher than that in the atmosphere.

The polarity of water makes it able to dissolve many compounds.

Why is the sofar layer efficient for sound travel?

The same amount of heat energy is needed for latent heat of fusion as the latent heat of vaporization.

Lower frequencies of sound are absorbed sooner than higher frequencies in water.

What is a shadow zone?

What is the typical depth of light penetration in the open ocean?

Which does not have an effect on water's density?

____ connect(s) atoms by sharing the energy of paired electrons.

Why is ice effective at cooling drinks?

The annual freezing and thawing of ice is a major factor on the regulation of temperatures on Earth.

What important characteristic of water is the blue color attributed to?

Why does the latent heat of vaporization require so much heat energy?

What is the structure of carbon dioxide an example of?

Why does the ocean not boil or freeze solid in different regions of the world?

The latent heat of seawater is different than pure water due to the dissolved solids and gases present.

Sound and light waves bend because they travel at different speeds in different media.

The Origin of the Ocean

A History of Marine Science

Earth Structure and Plate Tectonics

Ocean Basins

Ocean Sediments

Ocean Chemistry

Circulation of the Atmosphere

Circulation of the Ocean

Waves

Tides

Coasts

Life in the Ocean

Plankton, Algae, and Plants

Marine Animals

Marine Communities

Marine Resources

The Ocean and the Environment

Filters