Exam 6: Social Structure Theories

Adolphe Quetelet was a Belgian mathematician who started the ___________________ school of criminology.

According to general strain theory, strain can be the result of the failure to achieve positively valued goals, the removal of positively valued stimuli, or the presentation of negatively viewed stimuli.

According to Sellin, culture conflict occurs when the rules expressed in criminal law clash with the demands of group conduct norms.

Structural strain suggests that economic and social sources of strain shape collective human behavior.

Shaw and McKay found that the most poverty-ridden _________ neighborhoods suffered high rates of population turnover and were incapable of inducing residents to remain and defend the neighborhoods against criminal groups.

Agnew suggests that there are, in fact,  community-level factors, such as blocked opportunities and lack of social support, that produce feelings of strain.

Postindustrial social systems are highly developed and dependent upon the division of labor; people are connected by their interdependent needs for one another's services and production is referred to as organic solidarity

The condition of _____________________ exists when wealthy people and poverty-stricken people live in close proximity to one another.

The Division of Labor in Society was authored by:

According to focal concern theory, which of the following is not identified as a lower-class focal concern?

The rules that govern day-to-day living conditions within a subculture are known as:

According to Merton, _________ is the mode of adaptation most closely related to criminal behavior.

When an individual accepts the goals of society, but rejects the legitimate means and instead achieves the goals through crime, it is called:

Social disorganization theory focuses on which of the following conditions in the urban environment?

General strain theory suggests that crime peaks during adolescence because adolescence is a time of high stress created by the weakening of parental supervision and the development of relationships with a diverse peer group.

Operation Weed and Seed was a recent example of a structural theory

Merton found that culturally defined goals and socially approved means interact to produce _________ conditions.

Discuss the work of Shaw and McKay, focusing upon transitional neighborhoods and concentric zones.

America is considered a ___________________ society, since it is based on specific levels such as social class, wealth, and economic success.

_____________________ are referred to as rude or uncivil behaviors that depict little care for property or others.