Question 1

Which statement must be true in order for a rocket to travel from Earth to another planet?

Accepted Answer

A) It must carry a lot of extra fuel. 
B) It must have very large engines. 
C) It must attain escape velocity from Earth. 
D) It must be launched from space,rather than from the ground. 
A) It must carry a lot of extra fuel. 
B) It must have very large engines. 
C) It must attain escape velocity from Earth. 
D) It must be launched from space,rather than from the ground.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is not one of Newton's laws of motion?

Accepted Answer

A) What goes up must come down. 
B) The rate of change of momentum of an object is equal to the net force applied to the object. 
C) In the absence of a net force,an object moves with constant velocity. 
D) For any force,there always is an equal and opposite reaction force. 
E) All of the above are Newton's laws of motion. 
A) What goes up must come down. 
B) The rate of change of momentum of an object is equal to the net force applied to the object. 
C) In the absence of a net force,an object moves with constant velocity. 
D) For any force,there always is an equal and opposite reaction force. 
E) All of the above are Newton's laws of motion.

Question 3

The energy attributed to an object by virtue of its motion is known as

Accepted Answer

A) potential energy. 
B) kinetic energy. 
C) radiative energy. 
D) mass-energy. 
A) potential energy. 
B) kinetic energy. 
C) radiative energy. 
D) mass-energy.

Question 4

In which of the following cases would you feel weightless?

Accepted Answer

A) while falling from a roof 
B) while parachuting from an airplane 
C) while accelerating downward in an elevator 
D) while walking on the Moon 
A) while falling from a roof 
B) while parachuting from an airplane 
C) while accelerating downward in an elevator 
D) while walking on the Moon

Question 5

The amount of gravitational potential energy released as an object falls depends on

Accepted Answer

A) its mass and the distance it falls,as well as the rate of gravitational acceleration. 
B) its mass and its speed at the time it begins falling. 
C) only the distance it falls. 
D) only its mass. 
E) only its speed at the time it begins falling. 
A) its mass and the distance it falls,as well as the rate of gravitational acceleration. 
B) its mass and its speed at the time it begins falling. 
C) only the distance it falls. 
D) only its mass. 
E) only its speed at the time it begins falling.

Question 6

Unbound orbits have more orbital energy than bound orbits.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The movement of a pool ball,after being struck by a cue,is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) Newton's first law of motion. 
B) Newton's second law of motion. 
C) Newton's third law of motion. 
D) the universal law of gravitation. 
E) conservation of momentum. 
A) Newton's first law of motion. 
B) Newton's second law of motion. 
C) Newton's third law of motion. 
D) the universal law of gravitation. 
E) conservation of momentum.

Question 8

In the formula E = mc²,what does E represent?

Accepted Answer

A) the kinetic energy of a moving object 
B) the radiative energy carried by light 
C) the gravitational potential energy of an object held above the ground 
D) the mass-energy,or potential energy stored in an object's mass 
E) the electric charge of the object 
A) the kinetic energy of a moving object 
B) the radiative energy carried by light 
C) the gravitational potential energy of an object held above the ground 
D) the mass-energy,or potential energy stored in an object's mass 
E) the electric charge of the object

Question 9

If your mass is 60 kg on Earth,what would your mass be on the Moon?

Accepted Answer

A) 10 lb 
B) 10 kg 
C) 50 kg 
D) 60 kg 
E) 60 lb 
A) 10 lb 
B) 10 kg 
C) 50 kg 
D) 60 kg 
E) 60 lb

Question 10

According to the universal law of gravitation,if you double the masses of both attracting objects,then the gravitational force between them will

Accepted Answer

A) not change at all. 
B) increase by a factor of 2. 
C) decrease by a factor of 2. 
D) increase by a factor of 4. 
E) decrease by a factor of 4. 
A) not change at all. 
B) increase by a factor of 2. 
C) decrease by a factor of 2. 
D) increase by a factor of 4. 
E) decrease by a factor of 4.

Question 11

Process of Science: Why is it not science to start with the answer to a question and look for evidence to support it?

Accepted Answer

The process of science involves asking a

Question 12

A rock held above the ground has potential energy.As the rock falls,this potential energy is converted to kinetic energy.Finally,the rock hits the ground and stays there.What has happened to the energy?

Accepted Answer

A) The energy goes to producing sound and to heating the ground,rock,and surrounding air. 
B) The energy goes into the ground,and as a result,the orbit of the Earth about the Sun is slightly changed. 
C) The rock keeps the energy inside it in the form of mass-energy. 
D) It is transformed back into gravitational potential energy. 
A) The energy goes to producing sound and to heating the ground,rock,and surrounding air. 
B) The energy goes into the ground,and as a result,the orbit of the Earth about the Sun is slightly changed. 
C) The rock keeps the energy inside it in the form of mass-energy. 
D) It is transformed back into gravitational potential energy.

Question 13

Suppose you heat up an oven and boil a pot of water.Which of the following explains why you would be burned by sticking your hand briefly in the pot but not by sticking your hand briefly in the oven?

Accepted Answer

A) The oven has a higher temperature than the water. 
B) The water has a higher temperature than the oven. 
C) The oven has a higher heat content than the water. 
D) The molecules in the water are moving faster than the molecules in the oven. 
E) The water has a higher heat content than the oven because of density. 
A) The oven has a higher temperature than the water. 
B) The water has a higher temperature than the oven. 
C) The oven has a higher heat content than the water. 
D) The molecules in the water are moving faster than the molecules in the oven. 
E) The water has a higher heat content than the oven because of density.

Question 14

Which object has the most kinetic energy?

Accepted Answer

A) a 4-ton truck moving 50 km/hr 
B) a 3-ton truck moving 70 km/hr 
C) a 2-ton truck moving 90 km/hr 
D) a 1-ton truck moving 110 km/hr 
E) A,B,C,and D all have the same kinetic energy. 
A) a 4-ton truck moving 50 km/hr 
B) a 3-ton truck moving 70 km/hr 
C) a 2-ton truck moving 90 km/hr 
D) a 1-ton truck moving 110 km/hr 
E) A,B,C,and D all have the same kinetic energy.

Question 15

What does temperature measure?

Accepted Answer

A) the average mass of particles in a substance 
B) the total potential energy of particles in a substance 
C) the total amount of heat in a substance 
D) the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance 
A) the average mass of particles in a substance 
B) the total potential energy of particles in a substance 
C) the total amount of heat in a substance 
D) the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance

Question 16

The tides on Earth are an example of

Accepted Answer

A) Newton's first law of motion. 
B) Newton's second law of motion. 
C) Newton's third law of motion. 
D) the universal law of gravitation. 
E) none of the above 
A) Newton's first law of motion. 
B) Newton's second law of motion. 
C) Newton's third law of motion. 
D) the universal law of gravitation. 
E) none of the above

Question 17

The Moon is slowly moving away from Earth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

What would happen if the Space Shuttle were launched with a speed greater than Earth's escape velocity?

Accepted Answer

A) It would travel away from Earth into the solar system. 
B) It would travel in a higher orbit around Earth. 
C) It would take less time to reach its bound orbit. 
D) It would orbit Earth at a faster velocity. 
E) It would be in an unstable orbit. 
A) It would travel away from Earth into the solar system. 
B) It would travel in a higher orbit around Earth. 
C) It would take less time to reach its bound orbit. 
D) It would orbit Earth at a faster velocity. 
E) It would be in an unstable orbit.

Question 19

Where does the energy come from that your body uses to keep you alive?

Accepted Answer

A) It is produced from the radiative energy of the Sun on your skin. 
B) It comes from the foods you eat. 
C) It comes from the water you drink. 
D) It is in the air that you breathe. 
E) It is created during the time that you rest or sleep. 
A) It is produced from the radiative energy of the Sun on your skin. 
B) It comes from the foods you eat. 
C) It comes from the water you drink. 
D) It is in the air that you breathe. 
E) It is created during the time that you rest or sleep.

Question 20

Suppose that two objects collide.Which of the following things is not the same both before and after the collision?

Accepted Answer

A) the total temperature of the objects 
B) the total momentum of the objects 
C) the total angular momentum of the objects 
D) the total energy of the objects 
A) the total temperature of the objects 
B) the total momentum of the objects 
C) the total angular momentum of the objects 
D) the total energy of the objects

Exam 4: Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity

Which statement must be true in order for a rocket to travel from Earth to another planet?

Which of the following statements is not one of Newton's laws of motion?

The energy attributed to an object by virtue of its motion is known as

In which of the following cases would you feel weightless?

The amount of gravitational potential energy released as an object falls depends on

Unbound orbits have more orbital energy than bound orbits.

The movement of a pool ball,after being struck by a cue,is an example of

In the formula E = mc²,what does E represent?

If your mass is 60 kg on Earth,what would your mass be on the Moon?

According to the universal law of gravitation,if you double the masses of both attracting objects,then the gravitational force between them will

Process of Science: Why is it not science to start with the answer to a question and look for evidence to support it?

A rock held above the ground has potential energy.As the rock falls,this potential energy is converted to kinetic energy.Finally,the rock hits the ground and stays there.What has happened to the energy?

Suppose you heat up an oven and boil a pot of water.Which of the following explains why you would be burned by sticking your hand briefly in the pot but not by sticking your hand briefly in the oven?

Which object has the most kinetic energy?

What does temperature measure?

The tides on Earth are an example of

The Moon is slowly moving away from Earth.

What would happen if the Space Shuttle were launched with a speed greater than Earth's escape velocity?

Where does the energy come from that your body uses to keep you alive?

Suppose that two objects collide.Which of the following things is not the same both before and after the collision?

A Modern View of the Universe

Discovering the Universe for Yourself

The Science of Astronomy

Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos

Telescopes: Portals of Discovery

Our Planetary System

Formation of the Solar System

Planetary Geology: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds

Planetary Atmospheres: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds

Jovian Planet Systems

Asteroids, Comets, and Dwarf Planets: Their Nature, Orbits, and Impacts

Other Planetary Systems: The New Science of Distant Worlds

Our Star

Surveying the Stars

Star Birth

Star Stuff

The Bizarre Stellar Graveyard

Our Galaxy

Galaxies and the Foundations of Modern Cosmology

Galaxy Evolution

The Birth of the Universe

Dark Matter, Dark Energy, and the Fate of the Universe

Life in the Universe

Celestial Timekeeping and Navigation

Space and Time

Spacetime and Gravity

Building Blocks of the Universe

Filters