Exam 6: Memory

While walking across the quad with your friend Dan, you run into an old girlfriend, Wendy. Only seconds after being introduced to Dan, Wendy says to him, "So, Stan, what's your major?" Noticing that Dan appears agitated about his name being messed up, you explain, "Hey, Dan, information is usually ____ encoded into short-term memory, and this kind of error is common." ​

Recount an experience that involves episodic, semantic, and procedural memories. Be sure to explain how your experience exemplifies all three types of memory ​

When you ask her, Kyung cannot remember the names of all fifty U.S. state capitals. However, when you then show her a list of U.S. city names, she can correctly point out all fifty capitals. Kyung initially had trouble remembering the state capitals because of poor ____. ​

Bart tells Lisa about his new cat, Scratchy. Even though Bart does not mention that Scratchy has fur, Lisa knows this because she makes this generalization from the facts she knows about cats. Lisa's generalization about Scratchy best demonstrates ____. ​

Willow takes sociology in the fall semester, and in the spring semester, she takes psychology. She is finding that she is having difficulty remembering the psychology material because the sociology material keeps coming to mind. Willow is experiencing ____ inhibition. ​

Short-term memory can store ____ item(s), and the duration of storage is ____.

When Frances went to work this morning, she checked her voice mail. Her boss left her a message outlining twenty-six tasks that she needs to complete. Unfortunately, the message was accidentally deleted after Frances listened to it once. Because she did not write down the tasks as she listened to the message, how many of the tasks will Frances most likely remember? ​

According to the encoding specificity principle, which retrieval cue would work best for the sentence, "The dog ate the bone?" ​

Cicero, an imperial Roman orator, endorses a mnemonic strategy called the method of loci more than 2,000 years ago; the technique is still one of the most powerful known today. The method of loci involves ____. ​

Jerzy suffers brain damage after falling off his bed. Now, whenever someone tells him something, Jerzy remembers it only briefly. He still believes he is eight, the age he was when he fell off the bed, even though years have passed. Jerzy's condition, anterograde amnesia, demonstrates that sometimes information can fail to be transferred from ____ memory to ____ memory. ​

Brian is trying to remember the colors of the visible spectrum: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. Brian decides to use the acronym ROYGBIV, which contains the first letter of each of the colors' names. Brian is using ____ to remember the colors. ​

As you read this question, your sensory registers are converting light energy into neural activity, your short-term memory is holding the first part of the question, and your long-term memory is helping you recognize and understand the words. This best supports the ____ model of memory. ​

Shana cannot remember anything about the months prior to the plane crash she was in, nor can she remember anything about the accident itself. Shana is experiencing ____ amnesia. ​

Belinda has been diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Sometimes she can be very happy and almost deliriously excited, while at other times, she becomes extremely depressed. When she is in her excited state, she is introduced to several people whom she has never met before. She doesn't encounter them again for a few weeks, but when she does, she feels depressed. Which statement is true? ​

Whenever House and Wilson argue, they bring up past issues. When they are getting along well, they have a hard time remembering what they argued about. What might produce this difference in the retrieval of memories? ​

Doumitra is telling Carrie about a movie she saw last month. She knows that Jake and Maggie Gyllenhaal both star in the movie and that it involves a scary bunny rabbit, but she cannot come up with the title of the movie. According to the textbook, such difficulty in retrieving information is known as ____. ​

In a memory experiment, participants hear the sentence "They turned in their papers late, so they didn't get full credit." Two minutes later, the participants are asked whether they heard the sentence above or "Their papers were turned in late, so they didn't get full credit." Many participants incorrectly report that they heard the second version. This is because ____ memory primarily uses ____ encoding.

Seven-year-old Ben is riding his bike to the park to meet some friends. He stops at a stop sign and signals his intention to turn left into the park. Ben's memory of the laws of the road is an example of ____ memory, whereas his ability to ride the bike shows ____ memory. ​

During a psychology lecture, your instructor uses the word college as a metaphor for social life. When he says the word college , lots of information comes to mind: dorm rooms, students, tests, professors, textbooks, pencils, and sporting events. The word has activated a ____.

Using what you've learned about memory processes, how would you advise a student who hasn't taken psychology how to study textbook material for an examination?