Exam 15: Europe Transformed: Reform and State Building
Which statement about life in Protestant Europe in the 1500s and 1600s is correct?
B
Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Ninety-Five Theses
The Ninety-Five Theses, also known as the Disputation on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences, is a list of propositions for an academic disputation written in 1517 by Martin Luther, professor of moral theology at the University of Wittenberg, Germany. Luther criticized the selling of indulgences by the Catholic Church, which was a common practice at the time where the Church claimed that the faithful could reduce punishment for sins with monetary payments.
Luther's theses challenged the teachings of the Church on the nature of penance, the authority of the pope, and the usefulness of indulgences. They sparked a theological debate that would result in the Protestant Reformation and the division of the Western Church into Roman Catholicism and the new Protestant traditions.
The Ninety-Five Theses were quickly translated from Latin into German, printed, and widely distributed, greatly contributing to the momentum of the Reformation. October 31, 1517, the day that Luther is said to have posted the theses on the door of the All Saints' Church in Wittenberg, is commemorated annually as Reformation Day.
Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Pope Julius II
Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
"mutual love between man and wife"
The king who ordered preparations for a fleet of warships, called the armada , was
After the Council of Trent, the Catholic Church had a clear body of doctrine under the supremacy of the pope.
Martin Luther stressed all of these ideas about religion and faith EXCEPT that
Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Frederick William the Great Elector
After the Turks were defeated in 1687 all of Hungary, Transylvania, Croatia, and Slovenia came under Habsburg rule, thus establishing in southeastern Europe the
The issue that drove Luther to writing his Ninety-Five Theses was the selling of indulgences.
Most of the fighting during the Thirty Years' War took place in France.
James I alienated England's Parliament because of his advocacy of
Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Ulrich Zwingli
Which author best represents the golden age of English literature?
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