Exam 14: New Encounters: the Creation of a World Market

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The most important voyages of exploration undertaken by Europeans during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries include the voyages of Christopher Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan, and James Cook.

Christopher Columbus's voyages in 1492, 1493, and 1498 were significant because they led to the first sustained contact between the Old World and the New World, resulting in the Columbian Exchange and the beginning of European colonization of the Americas.

Ferdinand Magellan's expedition from 1519 to 1522 was the first to circumnavigate the globe, proving that the Earth was round and significantly expanding European knowledge of the world.

James Cook's voyages in the 1760s and 1770s were important for their extensive mapping of the Pacific Ocean and the exploration of Australia and New Zealand, leading to increased European colonization and trade in the region.

These voyages were important because they expanded European knowledge of the world, led to the exchange of goods, ideas, and cultures between different parts of the world, and ultimately contributed to the establishment of European empires and the globalization of trade and commerce. They also had significant impacts on the indigenous peoples of the regions they explored, often leading to colonization, exploitation, and cultural exchange.