Question 1

What was the most important form of monasticism in early medieval Europe, and why?

Accepted Answer

The most important form of monasticism in western Europe, however, involved groups of monks or nuns living together in organized communities. The person most responsible for introducing this originally Egyptian practice in the Latin west was Benedict of Nursia (ca. 480-547)in Italy. Benedict began his pious career as a hermit in a cave but eventually organized several monasteries, each headed by an abbot. In the seventh century, monasteries based on his model spread far beyond Italy. The Rule Benedict wrote to govern the monks' behavior envisions a balanced life of devotion and work, along with obligations of celibacy, poverty, and obedience to the abbot. Those who lived by this or other monastic rules became regular clergy, in contrast to secular clergy, priests who lived in society instead of in seclusion and did not follow a formal code of regulations. The Rule of Benedict was the starting point for most forms of western European monastic life and remains in force today in Benedictine monasteries.

Question 2

A grant of land in return for a pledge to provide military service was called a .

Accepted Answer

fief

Question 3

In medieval Europe, the primary centers for agricultural production were

Accepted Answer

A) scattered farms owned by the regional nobility. 
B) small farms owned by those who worked on them. 
C) self-sufficient farming estates known as manors. 
D) normally worked by slaves. 
E) communal property under village control. 
A) scattered farms owned by the regional nobility. 
B) small farms owned by those who worked on them. 
C) self-sufficient farming estates known as manors. 
D) normally worked by slaves. 
E) communal property under village control. C

Question 4

Describe the relationship between Christianity and polytheism in Kievan Russia.

Accepted Answer

Although Vladimir chose Orthodox Christi

Question 5

What is considered the greatest Byzantine architectural monument?

Accepted Answer

A) Hagia Sophia 
B) the Great Horn 
C) the Hippodrome 
D) the palace of the Porphyrogenitus rulers 
E) the library of Alexius Comnenus 
A) Hagia Sophia 
B) the Great Horn 
C) the Hippodrome 
D) the palace of the Porphyrogenitus rulers 
E) the library of Alexius Comnenus

Question 6

Vikings from which country formed kingdoms along the rivers of eastern Europe and Russia?

Accepted Answer

A) Denmark 
B) France 
C) Norway 
D) Sweden 
E) Greenland 
A) Denmark 
B) France 
C) Norway 
D) Sweden 
E) Greenland

Question 7

Those who lived by monastic rules were called clergy.

Accepted Answer

A) regular 
B) secular 
C) papal 
D) prioral 
E) Clunal 
A) regular 
B) secular 
C) papal 
D) prioral 
E) Clunal

Question 8

Books within the Catholic church to guide priests about appropriate penance for sin were called

Accepted Answer

A) hymnals. 
B) catechism. 
C) triptychs. 
D) hagiographies. 
E) penitentials. 
A) hymnals. 
B) catechism. 
C) triptychs. 
D) hagiographies. 
E) penitentials.

Question 9

One early Russian chronicle reports that Vladimir I rejected Judaism due to doubts about a powerful god who would let the ancient Jewish kingdom be destroyed, and he chose Christianity over Islam because

Accepted Answer

A) he felt that Islam was more appropriate to nomadic peoples. 
B) he felt that a relationship with Islam would do nothing to promote trade. 
C) he got special dispensation from the pope to marry two wives. 
D) he knew that Islam forbade alcohol consumption. 
E) he was a great art lover, and in his view Islam had no beautiful religious buildings. 
A) he felt that Islam was more appropriate to nomadic peoples. 
B) he felt that a relationship with Islam would do nothing to promote trade. 
C) he got special dispensation from the pope to marry two wives. 
D) he knew that Islam forbade alcohol consumption. 
E) he was a great art lover, and in his view Islam had no beautiful religious buildings.

Question 10

A significant military threat to western Europe in the late eighth century came from Scandinavia when

Accepted Answer

A) the Abbasid Caliphate's re-conquest of Islamic territories. 
B) the reappearance from the eastern Steppes of the Huns. 
C) uprisings of Germanic tribes against Charlemagne's expansion. 
D) Viking raiders attacked and plundered the British, Danish, and French coastal areas. 
E) a renewed naval fleet from Carthage. 
A) the Abbasid Caliphate's re-conquest of Islamic territories. 
B) the reappearance from the eastern Steppes of the Huns. 
C) uprisings of Germanic tribes against Charlemagne's expansion. 
D) Viking raiders attacked and plundered the British, Danish, and French coastal areas. 
E) a renewed naval fleet from Carthage.

Question 11

One of the most significant sources of conflict for western Europe between 1000 and 1400 was

Accepted Answer

A) a struggle for power between the church and state. 
B) a struggle for holding together the Holy Roman Empire as Charlemagne had created it. 
C) a struggle to keep the Muslims from crossing the Straits of Gibraltar. 
D) the loss of status when Russia chose to convert to the "eastern" form of Christianity. 
E) the reputation of corrupt popes. 
A) a struggle for power between the church and state. 
B) a struggle for holding together the Holy Roman Empire as Charlemagne had created it. 
C) a struggle to keep the Muslims from crossing the Straits of Gibraltar. 
D) the loss of status when Russia chose to convert to the "eastern" form of Christianity. 
E) the reputation of corrupt popes.

Question 12

In Kievan Russia, the manorial agricultural system of western Europe never developed; instead power derived from

Accepted Answer

A) landholding. 
B) warfare. 
C) religion. 
D) trade. 
E) mining. 
A) landholding. 
B) warfare. 
C) religion. 
D) trade. 
E) mining.

Question 13

As a result of the Crusades, Europeans were exposed to all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) Arabic translations of ancient Greek science and philosophy. 
B) access to a variety of classical Latin works, particularly those of Aristotle, heretofore unknown in western Europe. 
C) pasta, paper, and refined sugar. 
D) hard soap and colored glass. 
E) original thought-provoking works by Arab and Iranian writers. 
A) Arabic translations of ancient Greek science and philosophy. 
B) access to a variety of classical Latin works, particularly those of Aristotle, heretofore unknown in western Europe. 
C) pasta, paper, and refined sugar. 
D) hard soap and colored glass. 
E) original thought-provoking works by Arab and Iranian writers.

Question 14

The Treaty of Verdun resulted in

Accepted Answer

A) the formal declaration of Roman Christianity for kingdoms of Charlemagne. 
B) a cessation of hostilities between the Muslims and Christians in Spain. 
C) the division of the Holy Roman Empire among Charlemagne's grandsons. 
D) a reconciliation between the Eastern Orthodox and Western (Catholic)Christian sects. 
E) formal surrender of Constantinople to the Seljuk Turks. 
A) the formal declaration of Roman Christianity for kingdoms of Charlemagne. 
B) a cessation of hostilities between the Muslims and Christians in Spain. 
C) the division of the Holy Roman Empire among Charlemagne's grandsons. 
D) a reconciliation between the Eastern Orthodox and Western (Catholic)Christian sects. 
E) formal surrender of Constantinople to the Seljuk Turks.

Question 15

A fief was

Accepted Answer

A) a small, nonhereditary manor. 
B) any estate governed by a hereditary lord. 
C) any small and independent kingdom. 
D) a Germanic peasant. 
E) a grant of land exchanged for a sworn oath to provide military service. 
A) a small, nonhereditary manor. 
B) any estate governed by a hereditary lord. 
C) any small and independent kingdom. 
D) a Germanic peasant. 
E) a grant of land exchanged for a sworn oath to provide military service.

Question 16

The term investiture controversy refers to the

Accepted Answer

A) dispute over who held ultimate authority over bishops in imperial lands. 
B) debate over how to invest church funds. 
C) conflict over choosing new popes. 
D) amount of power local priests were allowed. 
E) issue of whether a noble could marry a commoner. 
A) dispute over who held ultimate authority over bishops in imperial lands. 
B) debate over how to invest church funds. 
C) conflict over choosing new popes. 
D) amount of power local priests were allowed. 
E) issue of whether a noble could marry a commoner.

Question 17

Instructions: Answer the following question(s). 
 How did the decline of the Byzantine Empire correlate with the growth in the power and prestige of the Holy Roman Empire in western Europe?

Accepted Answer

The Byzantine Empire considered itself t

Question 18

The movement for reformed monasticism under the austere Rule of Benedict included which of the following changes?

Accepted Answer

A) independence of the monastery from local secular politics 
B) poverty 
C) prayer at specified intervals 
D) hard labor 
E) All of the above. 
A) independence of the monastery from local secular politics 
B) poverty 
C) prayer at specified intervals 
D) hard labor 
E) All of the above.

Question 19

When did William the Conqueror invade England?

Accepted Answer

A) 793 
B) 843 
C) 999 
D) 1066 
E) 1179 
A) 793 
B) 843 
C) 999 
D) 1066 
E) 1179

Question 20

The schism of 1054 between the Eastern and Western churches was caused primarily by disagreements over practices of the Latin Church and

Accepted Answer

A) how mass should be celebrated. 
B) the territorial jurisdiction of the western papacy. 
C) monophysitism. 
D) Arianism. 
E) the Crusades. 
A) how mass should be celebrated. 
B) the territorial jurisdiction of the western papacy. 
C) monophysitism. 
D) Arianism. 
E) the Crusades.

Exam 11: Christian Societies Emerge in Europe

What was the most important form of monasticism in early medieval Europe, and why?

A grant of land in return for a pledge to provide military service was called a .

In medieval Europe, the primary centers for agricultural production were

Describe the relationship between Christianity and polytheism in Kievan Russia.

What is considered the greatest Byzantine architectural monument?

Vikings from which country formed kingdoms along the rivers of eastern Europe and Russia?

Those who lived by monastic rules were called clergy.

Books within the Catholic church to guide priests about appropriate penance for sin were called

One early Russian chronicle reports that Vladimir I rejected Judaism due to doubts about a powerful god who would let the ancient Jewish kingdom be destroyed, and he chose Christianity over Islam because

A significant military threat to western Europe in the late eighth century came from Scandinavia when

One of the most significant sources of conflict for western Europe between 1000 and 1400 was

In Kievan Russia, the manorial agricultural system of western Europe never developed; instead power derived from

As a result of the Crusades, Europeans were exposed to all of the following EXCEPT

The Treaty of Verdun resulted in

A fief was

The term investiture controversy refers to the

Instructions: Answer the following question(s). How did the decline of the Byzantine Empire correlate with the growth in the power and prestige of the Holy Roman Empire in western Europe?

The movement for reformed monasticism under the austere Rule of Benedict included which of the following changes?

When did William the Conqueror invade England?

The schism of 1054 between the Eastern and Western churches was caused primarily by disagreements over practices of the Latin Church and

Nature, Humanity, and History

The First River-Valley Civilizations

The Mediterranean and Middle East

New Civilizations Outside the West Asian Core Area

Greece and Iran

An Age of Empires: Rome and Han China

India and Southeast Asia

Peoples and Civilizations of the Americas

Networks of Communication and Exchange

The Sasanid Empire and the Rise of Islam

Inner and East Asia

Mongol Eurasia and Its Aftermath

Latin Europe

Southern Empires, Southern Seas

The Maritime Revolution

Transformations in Europe

The Diversity of American Colonial Societies

The Atlantic System and Africa

Between Europe and China

East Asia in Global Perspective

The Early Industrial Revolution

Revolutionary Changes in the Atlantic World

Land Empires in the Age of Imperialism

Nation Building and Economic Transformation in the Americas

Varieties of Imperialism in Africa, India, Southeast Asia, and Latin America

The New Power Balance

The Crisis of the Imperial Order

The Collapse of the Old Order

Revolutions in Living

The Cold War and Decolonization

The End of the Cold War and the Challenge of Economic Development and Immigration

New Challenges in a New Millennium

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