Question 1

People with very high maximizer scores tend to be ____.

Accepted Answer

A) highly successful and happy 
B) committed to their jobs and their partners 
C) less happy and more prone to depression 
D) satisfied with their daily lives 
A) highly successful and happy 
B) committed to their jobs and their partners 
C) less happy and more prone to depression 
D) satisfied with their daily lives

Question 2

Ella is 4 years old and expanding her schema regarding dogs. The dog that she knows the best is her neighbor's golden retriever, Gus. She was recently told by her neighbor that dogs like to roll in grass with distinctive, or "smelly," odors. Under what circumstances is she most likely to extend that fact to all dogs?

Accepted Answer

A) She hears her uncle describe his dog Bob rolling around with a dead fish, but has not yet met Bob. 
B) She sees Gus roll in the grass and then finds a dead mouse in the same area. 
C) She sometimes sees dogs through the car window that are rolling in the grass. 
D) She sees a nature show on television about hyenas who engage in the same activity. 
A) She hears her uncle describe his dog Bob rolling around with a dead fish, but has not yet met Bob. 
B) She sees Gus roll in the grass and then finds a dead mouse in the same area. 
C) She sometimes sees dogs through the car window that are rolling in the grass. 
D) She sees a nature show on television about hyenas who engage in the same activity.

Question 3

The causal factors for mild intellectual disability are typically ____.

Accepted Answer

A) genetic factors 
B) birth trauma 
C) medical conditions 
D) preventable environmental causes 
A) genetic factors 
B) birth trauma 
C) medical conditions 
D) preventable environmental causes

Question 4

Concept formation is ____.

Accepted Answer

A) seen in mammals and amphibians only 
B) seen in human beings and primates, but not other categories of animals 
C) noted only in human beings 
D) seen in human beings, as well as in diverse categories of animals 
A) seen in mammals and amphibians only 
B) seen in human beings and primates, but not other categories of animals 
C) noted only in human beings 
D) seen in human beings, as well as in diverse categories of animals

Question 5

Damage to the frontal lobes, such as that suffered by Phineas Gage, reliably produces ____.

Accepted Answer

A) impulsivity and poor judgment 
B) insensitivity to the potential for loss 
C) poor anger management 
D) obsessive compulsive disorder 
A) impulsivity and poor judgment 
B) insensitivity to the potential for loss 
C) poor anger management 
D) obsessive compulsive disorder

Question 6

Studies on patients with brain damage suggest that our brains have been shaped in a way that provides a survival advantage. The vast majority of these patients who have specific deficits in processing categories perform differently from control participants in one domain: ____.

Accepted Answer

A) the familiar versus the unfamiliar 
B) light versus dark 
C) humans versus animals 
D) animals versus nonliving things 
A) the familiar versus the unfamiliar 
B) light versus dark 
C) humans versus animals 
D) animals versus nonliving things

Question 7

You and your classmates have spent hours trying to debug the final group project for your computer science class. You take a break to clear your minds, and decide to debate the meaning of the terms heuristic and algorithm for fun. Which of the following would be an accurate contribution to your debate?

Accepted Answer

A) Heuristics provide an exhaustive evaluation of solutions. 
B) Heuristics do not guarantee a solution. 
C) Algorithms typically require less information than heuristics do. 
D) Algorithms are more time-efficient than heuristics. 
A) Heuristics provide an exhaustive evaluation of solutions. 
B) Heuristics do not guarantee a solution. 
C) Algorithms typically require less information than heuristics do. 
D) Algorithms are more time-efficient than heuristics.

Question 8

According to Benjamin Lee Whorf's hypothesis of linguistic relativity, what affects a person's ability to think about a topic?

Accepted Answer

A) having a rich vocabulary on the topic 
B) two-way interactions as an infant in the form of conversation 
C) the number of phonemes in the language 
D) a critical gene mutation in the FOXP-2 gene 
A) having a rich vocabulary on the topic 
B) two-way interactions as an infant in the form of conversation 
C) the number of phonemes in the language 
D) a critical gene mutation in the FOXP-2 gene

Question 9

What is the best definition of a "problem"?

Accepted Answer

A) the lack of information to meet a specific goal within a given timeframe 
B) an organizing principle based on difficult experiences in the individual's past 
C) a situation in which a current state is separated from an ideal state by obstacles 
D) an event that requires thought processing in unpredictable and nonconstant ways 
A) the lack of information to meet a specific goal within a given timeframe 
B) an organizing principle based on difficult experiences in the individual's past 
C) a situation in which a current state is separated from an ideal state by obstacles 
D) an event that requires thought processing in unpredictable and nonconstant ways

Question 10

Bertram has had a whirlwind of a first semester of college, and now that finals are over, he is concerned about his weight gain during the past few months. He is determined to make a plan to address his weight gain problem. First, he must generate possible solutions. What should he do next?

Accepted Answer

A) Choose the best solution to implement. 
B) Focus on the solution that can be accomplished by application of an algorithm. 
C) Create a detailed plan for each potential solution. 
D) Conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis for each one. 
A) Choose the best solution to implement. 
B) Focus on the solution that can be accomplished by application of an algorithm. 
C) Create a detailed plan for each potential solution. 
D) Conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis for each one.

Question 11

Based on the longitudinal study of gifted children initiated in 1921, which of the following was found to be true through their adulthood?

Accepted Answer

A) Their high IQs declined. 
B) They enjoyed better physical health. 
C) Many were regarded as geniuses in their field. 
D) They were more likely to become alcoholic over time. 
A) Their high IQs declined. 
B) They enjoyed better physical health. 
C) Many were regarded as geniuses in their field. 
D) They were more likely to become alcoholic over time.

Question 12

At the start of the spring semester, Marie decides that she will focus more on her physical health. Her solution is to start jogging with a goal of running in the annual Memorial Day 10K. After training for several weeks, Marie completed the race but needed to walk for the last mile. What would be the next step for her as an effective problem solving strategy?

Accepted Answer

A) Celebrate her success. 
B) Continue to do what she has been doing. 
C) Choose a new problem to work on. 
D) Look back to see if the original problem has been solved. 
A) Celebrate her success. 
B) Continue to do what she has been doing. 
C) Choose a new problem to work on. 
D) Look back to see if the original problem has been solved.

Question 13

According to current research, the brain has ____.

Accepted Answer

A) complex pathways for processing language that connect Broca's and Wernicke's areas to other cortical areas involved in cognition 
B) only two main language centers, Broca's area and Wernicke's area 
C) at least four main language centers, including Broca's area, Wernicke's area, the amygdala, and the hippocampus 
D) complex pathways for processing language that connect Broca's and Wernicke's areas to the amygdala and hippocampus 
A) complex pathways for processing language that connect Broca's and Wernicke's areas to other cortical areas involved in cognition 
B) only two main language centers, Broca's area and Wernicke's area 
C) at least four main language centers, including Broca's area, Wernicke's area, the amygdala, and the hippocampus 
D) complex pathways for processing language that connect Broca's and Wernicke's areas to the amygdala and hippocampus

Question 14

Broadly speaking, knowledge is the entire body of information acquired through study, investigation, observation, and experience. To manage all of this knowledge, the mind often uses ____, or mental representations, to signify information.

Accepted Answer

A) mnemonics 
B) procedural memory 
C) priming 
D) symbols 
A) mnemonics 
B) procedural memory 
C) priming 
D) symbols

Question 15

Marvin, who lives in San Francisco, has been asked to host a teenage alien, Regor, as part of an intergalactic exchange program. Marvin is sure that Regor would love to experience the adventure of sailing, but decides he should introduce the concept of a "sailboat" first. Marvin suggests that Regor compare the features of an item that he thinks might be a sailboat with a checklist of sailboat features. If there are sufficient overlapping features, he might determine that it is a sailboat. This could be considered a ____.

Accepted Answer

A) prototype 
B) theory 
C) feature detection model 
D) schema 
A) prototype 
B) theory 
C) feature detection model 
D) schema

Question 16

The Flynn Effect is likely due to ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) increasing computer and Internet use 
B) reductions in serious infectious diseases 
C) genetic changes over time 
D) improved testing methods 
A) increasing computer and Internet use 
B) reductions in serious infectious diseases 
C) genetic changes over time 
D) improved testing methods

Question 17

According to a report on endangered languages, what percentage of the world's spoken languages may soon be lost?

Accepted Answer

A) one fourth 
B) about a third 
C) nearly half 
D) three quarters 
A) one fourth 
B) about a third 
C) nearly half 
D) three quarters

Question 18

Upon autopsy, Paul Broca found that his research subject Leborgne had significant damage ____.

Accepted Answer

A) in the motor cortex 
B) to the left frontal lobe 
C) near the primary auditory cortex 
D) in the temporal lobe 
A) in the motor cortex 
B) to the left frontal lobe 
C) near the primary auditory cortex 
D) in the temporal lobe

Question 19

An analysis of over 500 contemporary languages has demonstrated that the number of speech sounds in a language decreases systematically ____.

Accepted Answer

A) with the level of education of the population 
B) with the culture's distance from Africa along migration routes 
C) according to the cultural values embedded in the language 
D) with the level of assimilation into larger cultures 
A) with the level of education of the population 
B) with the culture's distance from Africa along migration routes 
C) according to the cultural values embedded in the language 
D) with the level of assimilation into larger cultures

Question 20

American Sign Language is ____.

Accepted Answer

A) processed primarily by the left hemisphere, similar to other languages 
B) not a distinct language by definition 
C) processed more or less equally by both the left and right hemispheres 
D) processed primarily by the right hemisphere because it is based on spatial characteristics 
A) processed primarily by the left hemisphere, similar to other languages 
B) not a distinct language by definition 
C) processed more or less equally by both the left and right hemispheres 
D) processed primarily by the right hemisphere because it is based on spatial characteristics

People with very high maximizer scores tend to be ____.

The causal factors for mild intellectual disability are typically ____.

Concept formation is ____.

Damage to the frontal lobes, such as that suffered by Phineas Gage, reliably produces ____.

Studies on patients with brain damage suggest that our brains have been shaped in a way that provides a survival advantage. The vast majority of these patients who have specific deficits in processing categories perform differently from control participants in one domain: ____.

According to Benjamin Lee Whorf's hypothesis of linguistic relativity, what affects a person's ability to think about a topic?

What is the best definition of a "problem"?

Bertram has had a whirlwind of a first semester of college, and now that finals are over, he is concerned about his weight gain during the past few months. He is determined to make a plan to address his weight gain problem. First, he must generate possible solutions. What should he do next?

Based on the longitudinal study of gifted children initiated in 1921, which of the following was found to be true through their adulthood?

According to current research, the brain has ____.

Broadly speaking, knowledge is the entire body of information acquired through study, investigation, observation, and experience. To manage all of this knowledge, the mind often uses ____, or mental representations, to signify information.

The Flynn Effect is likely due to ____.

According to a report on endangered languages, what percentage of the world's spoken languages may soon be lost?

Upon autopsy, Paul Broca found that his research subject Leborgne had significant damage ____.

An analysis of over 500 contemporary languages has demonstrated that the number of speech sounds in a language decreases systematically ____.

American Sign Language is ____.

The Science of Mind: the Discipline of Psychology

The Measure of Mind: Methods of Psychology

The Evolving Mind: Nature and Nurture Intertwined

The Biological Mind: the Physical Basis of Behavior

The Perceiving Mind: Sensation and Perception

The Aware Mind: Elements of Consciousness

The Developing Mind: Life-Span Development

The Adaptive Mind: Learning

The Knowing Mind: Memory

The Feeling Mind: Motivation and Emotion

The Individual Mind: Personality and the Self

The Connected Mind: Social Psychology

The Troubled Mind: Psychological Disorders

Healing the Troubled Mind: Therapy

The Healthy Mind: Stress and Coping, Health Psychology, and Positive Psychology

Filters

Exam 10: The Thinking Mind: Cognition, Language, and Intelligence

People with very high maximizer scores tend to be ____.

The causal factors for mild intellectual disability are typically ____.

Concept formation is ____.

Damage to the frontal lobes, such as that suffered by Phineas Gage, reliably produces ____.

Studies on patients with brain damage suggest that our brains have been shaped in a way that provides a survival advantage. The vast majority of these patients who have specific deficits in processing categories perform differently from control participants in one domain: ____.

According to Benjamin Lee Whorf's hypothesis of linguistic relativity, what affects a person's ability to think about a topic?

What is the best definition of a "problem"?

Bertram has had a whirlwind of a first semester of college, and now that finals are over, he is concerned about his weight gain during the past few months. He is determined to make a plan to address his weight gain problem. First, he must generate possible solutions. What should he do next?

Based on the longitudinal study of gifted children initiated in 1921, which of the following was found to be true through their adulthood?

According to current research, the brain has ____.

Broadly speaking, knowledge is the entire body of information acquired through study, investigation, observation, and experience. To manage all of this knowledge, the mind often uses ____, or mental representations, to signify information.

The Flynn Effect is likely due to ____. ​

According to a report on endangered languages, what percentage of the world's spoken languages may soon be lost?

Upon autopsy, Paul Broca found that his research subject Leborgne had significant damage ____.

An analysis of over 500 contemporary languages has demonstrated that the number of speech sounds in a language decreases systematically ____.

American Sign Language is ____.

The Science of Mind: the Discipline of Psychology

The Measure of Mind: Methods of Psychology

The Evolving Mind: Nature and Nurture Intertwined

The Biological Mind: the Physical Basis of Behavior

The Perceiving Mind: Sensation and Perception

The Aware Mind: Elements of Consciousness

The Developing Mind: Life-Span Development

The Adaptive Mind: Learning

The Knowing Mind: Memory

The Feeling Mind: Motivation and Emotion

The Individual Mind: Personality and the Self

The Connected Mind: Social Psychology

The Troubled Mind: Psychological Disorders

Healing the Troubled Mind: Therapy

The Healthy Mind: Stress and Coping, Health Psychology, and Positive Psychology

Filters

The Flynn Effect is likely due to ____.