Exam 7: Definition, Cause and Effect, and Persuasion

For each of the following statements, select the answer that correctly identifies the cause and effect. Our company's profits have increased because our new ad campaign has been so successful.

Read this paragraph and answer the questions that follow it. ​ (1) Rollover accidents-crashes in which a vehicle flips over or tumbles-are some of the deadliest accidents on our roads and highways. (2) Many of these accidents occur because the driver loses control of the vehicle due to one of three causes. (3) The first cause is speeding. (4) According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, about 40 percent of fatal rollover crashes happen because the driver is going too fast and loses control of the vehicle. (5) A second common cause of rollover accidents is driver impairment. (6) In n early half of all fatal rollover crashes, the drivers had been drinking alcohol, which affected their judgment, muscular coordination, and vision and caused them to lose control. (7) A third common cause of rollover accidents is driver distraction in rural areas. (8) Drivers who are trying to answer a ringing cell phone or changing radio stations can let their attention drift away from the task of driving. (9) If the vehicle veers off the road in a rural area and the driver jerks the steering wheel to correct the problem, the vehicle's tires may dig into soft soil or hit the edge of the pavement, "tripping" the vehicle into a roll. (10) Consequently, almost two-thirds of fatal rollovers occur in rural areas where the posted speed limit is 55 miles per hour or more.   Adapted from "Rollover," U.S. Department of Transportation, http://www.safercar.gov/Rollover Select the number of the topic sentence in the paragraph above.

For each of the following statements, select the answer that correctly identifies the cause and effect. Because Andrea fears flying, she travels by car or train instead of airplane.

Read this paragraph and answer the questions that follow it. (1) Empathy is the ability to understand or identify with another person's feelings, motives, or situation. (2) The more a person can "feel for" others, the more likely he or she is to be kind, even to those who look or seem different, and even to speak up if someone is being mistreated. (3) Experts say that empathy is more important than ever because bullying and social tensions are on the rise. (4) Examples of empathy exist even in infants, who cry when another baby cries and seem to prefer adults who help others. (5) Yet childhood experiences can either promote or squelch the growth of empathy. (6) An abused or neglected child is more likely to become mean or aggressive. (7) A second example of empathy in action is the preteen who sees an overweight classmate being teased and speaks up in defense of that child. (8) Empathy seems to help overcome fear of the bully and his supporters. (9) Often, just one person speaking up can stop the bully in his tracks. (10) A third instance of empathy in action is the adult who overhears a shop owner or bank customer insult someone of another race. (11) Feeling shock or anger in the bullied person's behalf, he or she might ask the bully to be respectful or just shut up. How many examples does the writer use to develop the topic sentence?

Read this paragraph and answer the questions that follow it. ​ (1) For several reasons, attending a community college to earn an associate's degree is a worthy investment of your time and money. (2) First  and perhaps most importantly, earning a two-year associate's degree will give you an edge in a competitive job market. (3) Even if your degree does not directly relate to a specific job, the fact that you completed your education indicates to prospective employers that you are a person who can learn, who possesses certain skills, and who can persevere to achieve specific goals. (4) Next, If you have been out of school for a awhile or feel that you need some extra academic support, a community college is a good choice. (5) These colleges offer tutors, basic-skills labs, and other tools to help you get up to speed for college work. (6) A third important advantage of the community college   is its low cost and excellent value. (7) And if you hope to earn a four-year degree, you can save money by transferring after two years to a more expensive university. (7) In fact, as college costs increase, more and more students are making this choice strategically.   The first and second reasons support the argument by

Read this paragraph and answer the questions that follow it.    (1) Some people believe that keeping animals captive in zoos is cruel because the animals are robbed of living a natural life in the wild. (2) However, for an animal, life in a good zoo-one that provides both a stimulating habitat similar to the animals' native environment and excellent care for animals-is often far better alternative to life in the wild. (3) For one thing, a zoo animal is provided with daily meals and does not have to endure the constant search for food. (4) In the wild, that animal would spend its every waking moment trying to avoid starvation. (5) In a zoo environment, however, that same animal can spend its days relaxing or romping with its fellow creatures. (6) Second, a zoo animal is safe and protected. (7) In the wilderness, many animals must endure the constant distress of being hunted by humans or other animals or becoming homeless due to destruction of their habitats. (8) In a zoo, this stress is eliminated, and the animals can live more peaceful lives. (9) Third, if an animal does become injured or sick, that animal will not suffer as it would in the wild. (10) Instead, it will receive medical care that will reduce its pain and speed the healing process.  What writing pattern does this paragraph employ?

Read this paragraph and answer the questions that follow it. (1) Empathy is the ability to understand or identify with another person's feelings, motives, or situation. (2) The more a person can "feel for" others, the more likely he or she is to be kind, even to those who look or seem different, and even to speak up if someone is being mistreated. (3) Experts say that empathy is more important than ever because bullying and social tensions are on the rise. (4) Examples of empathy exist even in infants, who cry when another baby cries and seem to prefer adults who help others. (5) Yet childhood experiences can either promote or squelch the growth of empathy. (6) An abused or neglected child is more likely to become mean or aggressive. (7) A second example of empathy in action is the preteen who sees an overweight classmate being teased and speaks up in defense of that child. (8) Empathy seems to help overcome fear of the bully and his supporters. (9) Often, just one person speaking up can stop the bully in his tracks. (10) A third instance of empathy in action is the adult who overhears a shop owner or bank customer insult someone of another race. (11) Feeling shock or anger in the bullied person's behalf, he or she might ask the bully to be respectful or just shut up. Select the transitional expression in the paragraph that introduces an example:

Read this paragraph and answer the questions that follow it. (1) Empathy is the ability to understand or identify with another person's feelings, motives, or situation. (2) The more a person can "feel for" others, the more likely he or she is to be kind, even to those who look or seem different, and even to speak up if someone is being mistreated. (3) Experts say that empathy is more important than ever because bullying and social tensions are on the rise. (4) Examples of empathy exist even in infants, who cry when another baby cries and seem to prefer adults who help others. (5) Yet childhood experiences can either promote or squelch the growth of empathy. (6) An abused or neglected child is more likely to become mean or aggressive. (7) A second example of empathy in action is the preteen who sees an overweight classmate being teased and speaks up in defense of that child. (8) Empathy seems to help overcome fear of the bully and his supporters. (9) Often, just one person speaking up can stop the bully in his tracks. (10) A third instance of empathy in action is the adult who overhears a shop owner or bank customer insult someone of another race. (11) Feeling shock or anger in the bullied person's behalf, he or she might ask the bully to be respectful or just shut up. What writing pattern does this paragraph employ?

For each of the following statements, select the answer that correctly identifies the cause and effect. Doing yoga exercises several times a week results in more flexibility and a lower stress level.

For each of the following statements, select the answer that correctly identifies the cause and effect. The number of obese Americans has risen because many people are consuming too many calories and avoiding exercise.