Exam 4: Water and Ocean Structure

A zone in which the ocean's salinity changes rapidly with increasing depth is called .

What processes are responsible for the ocean's salinity?

Sound can travel for much greater distances through water than light waves can before being absorbed because .

At the present time, the salinity of the ocean seems to be .

The hydrogen bonds of water molecules account for which of the following?

The components of ocean water whose quantities are less than 1 part per million (ppm) are considered .

The density of seawater is affected by both temperature and salinity.

The deepest thermoclines can be found .

Cold water can dissolve more CO₂ than warm water.

Oxygen enters seawater .

Frozen water is more dense than liquid water.

Water resists rising in temperature as heat is added, or falling in temperature when heat is removed.

Which statement best reflects global temperatures with respect to San Francisco, California and  Norfolk, Virginia, two cities that lie along the same latitude?

The two most abundant elements (ions) dissolved in seawater are .

The most precise way to calculate the salinity of seawater is to evaporate a known weight of seawater and weigh the residue.

Why does the concentration of dissolved oxygen decreases with depth and carbon dioxide increases with depth?

Describe the factors that affect the distance and the rate at which sound travels in the ocean. Would you expect sound to travel faster through warm or cold water? Shallow or deep? Why?

Where do dense water masses form?

Which of the following statements about pH is true?

Heat and temperature both measure random vibrations of an atom or a molecule.