Exam 4: Water and Ocean Structure

Earth's poles have a deficiency of heat, and the equatorial region has an excess of heat. Why don't the polar regions freeze solid and the equatorial region boil over?

Which region of the ocean generally lacks a thermocline?

The of the ocean absorbs nearly all the infrared radiation that reaches the ocean surface.

The average salinity of the world ocean is about .

The hydrogen atoms in a water molecule tend to bond to .

Seawater is even though dissolved CO₂ forms into a carbonic acid when combined with water.

Which of the following statements is true regarding sound in the ocean?

The tendency for a substance to resist change in temperature with the gain or loss of heat energy is called .

When liquid water gets below 4°C, it .

How does the hydrogen bonds of water influence the physical properties of the ocean?

The salinity of seawater is a measure of the amount of sodium and chloride in a water sample.

The geometry of the covalent bonds shared by the hydrogen atoms and oxygen atom in a water molecule account for its polarity.

What type of bond enables water molecules to stick together?

The amount of heat transported by water vapor in the atmosphere is greater than the amount of heat transported by ocean currents.

About what percentage does water expand when it freezes?

Describe the distribution of oxygen in the ocean from the surface to the deep sea.

How much more carbon dioxide can water hold than nitrogen or oxygen at saturation?

The ocean appears to be in because the proportion and amounts of its dissolved salts per unit volume are nearly constant.

Eighty calories of heat energy must be removed per gram of pure water at 0°C to form ice. This represents water's .

Water behaves like a(n) , which prevents broad swings of pH.