Exam 16: Geologic Time: Concepts and Principles

The principle of original horizontality states that rocks were deposited in horizontal layers. Thus, if rock layers are now , they must have been disturbed after lithification.

Free

(Short Answer)

4.8/5

(34)

Question 1

Correct Answer:

Verified

sedimentary, tilted,sedimentary, dipping

What is the principle of uniformitarianism? Why does the principle of uniformitarianism lead to the conclusion that Earth is very old in age?

Free

(Essay)

4.9/5

(29)

Question 2

Correct Answer:

Verified

The principle of uniformitarianism suggests that present-day geologic processes have operated throughout geologic time. Geologists can observe that the processes (such as volcanoes, earthquakes, severe weather, erosion, etc.) that influence the Earth currently, and were previously in existence upon the Earth, occur at a very slow rate or infrequently and cannot be accommodated by a historic time scale.

What is absolute dating, and what is it based on? What can absolute dating tell us?

Free

(Essay)

4.9/5

(41)

Question 3

Correct Answer:

Verified

Absolute dating provides numerical dates for rock units or events in years before present. Most absolute dating is done by radiometric dating to obtain numerical ages, which are based on the natural decay rates of radioactive elements present in some rocks.

The most accurate radiometric dates are obtained from rocks. Only in very unusual circumstances can rocks be radiometrically dated.

(Short Answer)

4.7/5

(31)

Question 4

What is the principle of inclusions?

(Essay)

4.8/5

(40)

Question 5

The best dating method for fine-grained volcanic rocks is potassium 40-argon 40.

(True/False)

4.8/5

(34)

Question 6

How are oxygen isotopes used to determine ancient climate?

(Essay)

4.8/5

(43)

Question 7

A surface of erosion on metamorphic or igneous rocks below sedimentary rocks is a(n):

(Multiple Choice)

4.9/5

(35)

Question 8

The principle of ____________________ states that rock layers extend laterally in all directions unless or until they terminate in one of a number of natural means.

(Short Answer)

4.7/5

(32)

Question 9

What are the three types of unconformities, and what is each missing?

(Essay)

4.8/5

(25)

Question 10

What are the three types of radioactive decay?

(Essay)

4.8/5

(42)

Question 11

Uranium 234 to thorium 230 dating of layers of stalagmites is reliable back to about 1,000,000 years.

(True/False)

4.8/5

(37)

Question 12

The half-life of a radioactive element is the amount of time it takes for of the atoms of the unstable element to decay to atoms of a new, more stable element.

(Short Answer)

4.8/5

(26)

Question 13

If an isotope has a half-life of 50 million years and an 1/8 of the sample remaining consists of that isotope, the age of the rock from which it was taken is:

(Multiple Choice)

4.9/5

(40)

Question 14

The process of placing geologic events in a sequential order as established by their position in geologic record is called ________ dating.

(Multiple Choice)

4.9/5

(34)

Question 15

The half-life of a radioactive element is variable, but only within a small range.

(True/False)

5.0/5

(36)

Question 16

All of the long-lived parent-daughter isotope pairs that were present when Earth formed are still present in measurable quantities.

(True/False)

4.8/5

(35)

Question 17

What is the principle of lateral continuity?

(Essay)

4.8/5

(39)

Question 18

What is the principle of original horizontality?

(Essay)

4.9/5

(20)

Question 19

What is the principle of superposition, and what is its importance? Who is credited with discovering it?

(Essay)

4.8/5

(36)

Question 20

Showing 1 - 20 of 90

The principle of original horizontality states that rocks were deposited in horizontal layers. Thus, if rock layers are now , they must have been disturbed after lithification.

What is the principle of uniformitarianism? Why does the principle of uniformitarianism lead to the conclusion that Earth is very old in age?

What is absolute dating, and what is it based on? What can absolute dating tell us?

The most accurate radiometric dates are obtained from rocks. Only in very unusual circumstances can rocks be radiometrically dated.

What is the principle of inclusions?

The best dating method for fine-grained volcanic rocks is potassium 40-argon 40.

How are oxygen isotopes used to determine ancient climate?

A surface of erosion on metamorphic or igneous rocks below sedimentary rocks is a(n):

The principle of ____________________ states that rock layers extend laterally in all directions unless or until they terminate in one of a number of natural means.

What are the three types of unconformities, and what is each missing?

What are the three types of radioactive decay?

Uranium 234 to thorium 230 dating of layers of stalagmites is reliable back to about 1,000,000 years.

The half-life of a radioactive element is the amount of time it takes for of the atoms of the unstable element to decay to atoms of a new, more stable element.

If an isotope has a half-life of 50 million years and an 1/8 of the sample remaining consists of that isotope, the age of the rock from which it was taken is:

The process of placing geologic events in a sequential order as established by their position in geologic record is called ________ dating.

The half-life of a radioactive element is variable, but only within a small range.

All of the long-lived parent-daughter isotope pairs that were present when Earth formed are still present in measurable quantities.

What is the principle of lateral continuity?

What is the principle of original horizontality?

What is the principle of superposition, and what is its importance? Who is credited with discovering it?

Understanding Earth: a Dynamic and Evolving Planet

Plate Tectonics: a Unifying Theory

Minerals: the Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks and Intrusive Igneous Activity

Volcanoes and Volcanism

Weathering, Soil, and Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

Deformation, Mountain Building, and the Continents

Mass Wasting

Running Water

Groundwater

Glaciers and Glaciation

The Work of Wind and Deserts

Shorelines and Shoreline Processes

Earth History

Life History

Filters

Exam 16: Geologic Time: Concepts and Principles

The principle of original horizontality states that ____________________ rocks were deposited in horizontal layers. Thus, if rock layers are now ____________________, they must have been disturbed after lithification.

What is the principle of uniformitarianism? Why does the principle of uniformitarianism lead to the conclusion that Earth is very old in age?

What is absolute dating, and what is it based on? What can absolute dating tell us?

The most accurate radiometric dates are obtained from ____________________ rocks. Only in very unusual circumstances can ____________________ rocks be radiometrically dated.

What is the principle of inclusions?

The best dating method for fine-grained volcanic rocks is potassium 40-argon 40.

How are oxygen isotopes used to determine ancient climate?

A surface of erosion on metamorphic or igneous rocks below sedimentary rocks is a(n):

The principle of ____________________ states that rock layers extend laterally in all directions unless or until they terminate in one of a number of natural means.

What are the three types of unconformities, and what is each missing?

What are the three types of radioactive decay?

Uranium 234 to thorium 230 dating of layers of stalagmites is reliable back to about 1,000,000 years.

The half-life of a radioactive element is the amount of time it takes for ____________________ of the atoms of the unstable ____________________ element to decay to atoms of a new, more stable ____________________ element.

If an isotope has a half-life of 50 million years and an 1/8 of the sample remaining consists of that isotope, the age of the rock from which it was taken is:

The process of placing geologic events in a sequential order as established by their position in geologic record is called ________ dating.

The half-life of a radioactive element is variable, but only within a small range.

All of the long-lived parent-daughter isotope pairs that were present when Earth formed are still present in measurable quantities.

What is the principle of lateral continuity?

What is the principle of original horizontality?

What is the principle of superposition, and what is its importance? Who is credited with discovering it?

Understanding Earth: a Dynamic and Evolving Planet

Plate Tectonics: a Unifying Theory

Minerals: the Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks and Intrusive Igneous Activity

Volcanoes and Volcanism

Weathering, Soil, and Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

Deformation, Mountain Building, and the Continents

Mass Wasting

Running Water

Groundwater

Glaciers and Glaciation

The Work of Wind and Deserts

Shorelines and Shoreline Processes

Earth History

Life History

Filters

The principle of original horizontality states that rocks were deposited in horizontal layers. Thus, if rock layers are now , they must have been disturbed after lithification.

The most accurate radiometric dates are obtained from rocks. Only in very unusual circumstances can rocks be radiometrically dated.

The half-life of a radioactive element is the amount of time it takes for of the atoms of the unstable element to decay to atoms of a new, more stable element.