Question 1

Why did Alexander du Toit feel it was necessary to propose a northern landmass he named Laurasia?

Accepted Answer

A) Pangaea did not account for all known landmasses. 
B) The landmass helped resolve climatological inconsistencies. 
C) Paleomagnetic studies of the seafloor proved its existence. 
D) A large mass of Gondwana had broken off and drifted northward. 
E) Recent ocean voyages discovered remnants of its existence. 
A) Pangaea did not account for all known landmasses. 
B) The landmass helped resolve climatological inconsistencies. 
C) Paleomagnetic studies of the seafloor proved its existence. 
D) A large mass of Gondwana had broken off and drifted northward. 
E) Recent ocean voyages discovered remnants of its existence. B

Question 2

At a convergent plate boundary a dipping plane of earthquake foci, called a(n)____________________, defines subduction zones.

Accepted Answer

Benioff zone

Question 3

What are the three possible explanations for the distribution of paleomagnetic data? Which one of these explanations is correct?

Accepted Answer

(1)The continent remained fixed and the north magnetic pole moved; (2)the north magnetic pole stayed still and the continent moved; (3)both the continent and north magnetic pole moved. The correct explanation is that both the continent and north magnetic pole moved.

Question 4

Who was the first person to suggest that all of the continents had originally been joined together as the supercontinent Pangaea?

Accepted Answer

A) Snider-Pelligrini, in 1858 
B) Frank Taylor, in 1910 
C) Alfred Wegener, in 1912 
D) Alexander du Toit, in 1937 
E) Harry Hess, in 1962 
A) Snider-Pelligrini, in 1858 
B) Frank Taylor, in 1910 
C) Alfred Wegener, in 1912 
D) Alexander du Toit, in 1937 
E) Harry Hess, in 1962

Question 5

An important aspect of the magnetic field is that the ____________________ poles, where the lines of force leave and enter Earth, do not coincide with the ____________________ poles.

Accepted Answer

magnetic,

Question 6

Who is generally credited with developing the concept of continental drift? Briefly summarize his idea. List at least three examples of evidence he claimed supported his hypothesis. Why was his idea, at least in part, rejected by many geologists of his time?

Accepted Answer

Alfred Wegener is generally credited wit

Question 7

Evidence for Late Paleozoic Era glaciation includes layers of ____________________ (sediments deposited by glaciers)and glacial ____________________ (scratch marks)in the bedrock beneath the sediments.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Evidence for Late Paleozoic Era glaciation includes...

Question 8

Briefly explain the concepts of "slab-pull" and "ridge-push."

Accepted Answer

In slab-pull, the subducting cold slab o

Question 9

Earth's lithosphere is part of the asthenosphere, and is hot and semi-plastic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

If the continents were once joined together, rocks and mountain ranges on the margins of each should have ____.

Accepted Answer

A) formed under the same conditions and in the same sequence 
B) formed the same sequences but at different times 
C) formed under different conditions at different times 
D) formed different sequences at the same time 
E) slowed down the process of continental drift 
A) formed under the same conditions and in the same sequence 
B) formed the same sequences but at different times 
C) formed under different conditions at different times 
D) formed different sequences at the same time 
E) slowed down the process of continental drift

Question 11

At transform plate boundaries, ____.

Accepted Answer

A) lithosphere is neither created or destroyed 
B) plates move horizontally past each other 
C) active volcanism is abruptly stopped 
D) plates move laterally past each other and active volcanism occurs 
E) continental crust is transformed into seafloor crust 
A) lithosphere is neither created or destroyed 
B) plates move horizontally past each other 
C) active volcanism is abruptly stopped 
D) plates move laterally past each other and active volcanism occurs 
E) continental crust is transformed into seafloor crust

Question 12

Plate movement plays a major role in the present non-random distribution of plants and animals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

What have differing paleomagnetic records for each continent shown?

Accepted Answer

A) Each continent had its own magnetic pole during successive geological periods. 
B) Magnetic poles for each continent have moved over geological time. 
C) Magnetic poles have remained in one location and each of the continents has moved. 
D) Both the poles and the continents have moved over time. 
E) Some data are inconsistent with the theory of polar wandering, indicating that further research must be done. 
A) Each continent had its own magnetic pole during successive geological periods. 
B) Magnetic poles for each continent have moved over geological time. 
C) Magnetic poles have remained in one location and each of the continents has moved. 
D) Both the poles and the continents have moved over time. 
E) Some data are inconsistent with the theory of polar wandering, indicating that further research must be done.

Question 14

The world's biota occupy ____________________, which are regions characterized b a distinctive assemblage of plants and animals.

Accepted Answer

biotic pro

Question 15

As far back as 1620, Sir Francis Bacon commented on the similarity of the shorelines of western ____________________ and eastern ____________________.

Accepted Answer

Africa, So

Question 16

Climatic or geographic barriers are the most common province boundaries, and these are mostly controlled by ____.

Accepted Answer

A) plate movement 
B) temperature 
C) rainfall 
D) soil type 
E) heat deep within Earth's core 
A) plate movement 
B) temperature 
C) rainfall 
D) soil type 
E) heat deep within Earth's core

Question 17

Geologists know that oceanic ridges are geologically very active because they ____.

Accepted Answer

A) have a high diversity of oceanic life 
B) have many layers of sedimentary rock 
C) are the site of ancient continental slopes 
D) have many small earthquakes and are the site of recent volcanic eruptions 
E) are the site of oceanic trenches 
A) have a high diversity of oceanic life 
B) have many layers of sedimentary rock 
C) are the site of ancient continental slopes 
D) have many small earthquakes and are the site of recent volcanic eruptions 
E) are the site of oceanic trenches

Question 18

Interest in continental drift waned until studies of Earth's magnetic field and oceanographic research showed that ____.

Accepted Answer

A) present-day oceans basins are old features that resulted from the breakup of Pangaea 
B) continents were constantly being pulled toward the poles by magnetic forces 
C) present-day ocean basins are not as old as continents but instead, are geologically young features that resulted from the breakup of Pangaea 
D) iron-rich continental plate material was being pulled into the ocean by Earth's magnetic field 
E) present-day ocean basins are old features that resulted from erosion of continental coastlines 
A) present-day oceans basins are old features that resulted from the breakup of Pangaea 
B) continents were constantly being pulled toward the poles by magnetic forces 
C) present-day ocean basins are not as old as continents but instead, are geologically young features that resulted from the breakup of Pangaea 
D) iron-rich continental plate material was being pulled into the ocean by Earth's magnetic field 
E) present-day ocean basins are old features that resulted from erosion of continental coastlines

Question 19

Divergent plate boundaries are present under continents during the early stages of continental breakup. When magma wells up beneath a continent, the crust is initially elevated, stretched, and thinned, producing ____________________.

Accepted Answer

rift valle

Question 20

Features associated with convergent plate boundaries include volcanic island arcs, oceanic trenches, and mountain belts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 2: Plate Tectonics: a Unifying Theory

Why did Alexander du Toit feel it was necessary to propose a northern landmass he named Laurasia?

At a convergent plate boundary a dipping plane of earthquake foci, called a(n)____________________, defines subduction zones.

What are the three possible explanations for the distribution of paleomagnetic data? Which one of these explanations is correct?

Who was the first person to suggest that all of the continents had originally been joined together as the supercontinent Pangaea?

An important aspect of the magnetic field is that the ____________________ poles, where the lines of force leave and enter Earth, do not coincide with the ____________________ poles.

Who is generally credited with developing the concept of continental drift? Briefly summarize his idea. List at least three examples of evidence he claimed supported his hypothesis. Why was his idea, at least in part, rejected by many geologists of his time?

Evidence for Late Paleozoic Era glaciation includes layers of ____________________ (sediments deposited by glaciers)and glacial ____________________ (scratch marks)in the bedrock beneath the sediments.

Briefly explain the concepts of "slab-pull" and "ridge-push."

Earth's lithosphere is part of the asthenosphere, and is hot and semi-plastic.

If the continents were once joined together, rocks and mountain ranges on the margins of each should have ____.

At transform plate boundaries, ____.

Plate movement plays a major role in the present non-random distribution of plants and animals.

What have differing paleomagnetic records for each continent shown?

The world's biota occupy ____________________, which are regions characterized b a distinctive assemblage of plants and animals.

As far back as 1620, Sir Francis Bacon commented on the similarity of the shorelines of western ____________________ and eastern ____________________.

Climatic or geographic barriers are the most common province boundaries, and these are mostly controlled by ____.

Geologists know that oceanic ridges are geologically very active because they ____.

Interest in continental drift waned until studies of Earth's magnetic field and oceanographic research showed that ____.

Divergent plate boundaries are present under continents during the early stages of continental breakup. When magma wells up beneath a continent, the crust is initially elevated, stretched, and thinned, producing ____________________.

Features associated with convergent plate boundaries include volcanic island arcs, oceanic trenches, and mountain belts.

Understanding Earth: a Dynamic and Evolving Planet

Minerals: The Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks and Plutons

Volcanoes and Volcanism

Weathering, Erosion, and Soil

Sediment and Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Earthquakes and Earthapos;s Interior

Deformation, Mountain Building, and Earthapos;s Crust

Mass Wasting

Running Water--Streams and Rivers

Groundwater

Glaciers and Glaciation

The Work of Wind and Deserts

Oceans, Shorelines, and Shoreline Processes

Geologic Time: Concepts and Principles

Organic Evolution--The Theory and Its Supporting Evidence

Precambrian Earth and Life History

Paleozoic Earth History

Paleozoic Life History

Mesozoic Earth and Life History

Cenozoic Earth and Life History

Filters

An important aspect of the magnetic field is that the poles, where the lines of force leave and enter Earth, do not coincide with the poles.

Evidence for Late Paleozoic Era glaciation includes layers of (sediments deposited by glaciers)and glacial (scratch marks)in the bedrock beneath the sediments.

As far back as 1620, Sir Francis Bacon commented on the similarity of the shorelines of western and eastern .