Question 1

In a careful study of tool use in apes and crows, the researchers found

Accepted Answer

A) that only the ape behavior reflected causal knowledge of the task. 
B) that only the crow behavior reflected causal knowledge of the task. 
C) that both ape and crow behavior reflected causal knowledge of the task. 
D) that neither ape nor crow behavior reflected causal knowledge of the task. 
A) that only the ape behavior reflected causal knowledge of the task. 
B) that only the crow behavior reflected causal knowledge of the task. 
C) that both ape and crow behavior reflected causal knowledge of the task. 
D) that neither ape nor crow behavior reflected causal knowledge of the task.

Question 2

Perceptual concepts involve

Accepted Answer

A) generalization within a category. 
B) discrimination within a category. 
C) generalization between categories. 
D) All of the above 
A) generalization within a category. 
B) discrimination within a category. 
C) generalization between categories. 
D) All of the above

Question 3

Which of the following is most closely analogous to human episodic memory?

Accepted Answer

A) the contents of value transfer in pigeons 
B) the contents of memory for hidden food items in scrub jays 
C) the contents of paired associate learning in chimpanzees 
D) the contents of the internal clock in pigeons 
A) the contents of value transfer in pigeons 
B) the contents of memory for hidden food items in scrub jays 
C) the contents of paired associate learning in chimpanzees 
D) the contents of the internal clock in pigeons

Question 4

In an experiment with hungry rats, food is delivered to a food cup at regular 40 s intervals. The rats' head pokes into the food cup area are suggestive of

Accepted Answer

A) episodic memory. 
B) duration estimation. 
C) duration production. 
D) scalar invariance. 
A) episodic memory. 
B) duration estimation. 
C) duration production. 
D) scalar invariance.

Question 5

A cat is trained to fetch a piece of balled paper. The cat has learned that the sound of the paper being crumpled means that the game is on. The game being on tells the cat that the paper is about to fly. Seeing the flying paper means that it is time for the hunt. Grabbing the paper lets the cat know that a treat is waiting. This cat must have learned

Accepted Answer

A) paired associates. 
B) a serial pattern. 
C) stimulus-response associations. 
D) serial representations. 
A) paired associates. 
B) a serial pattern. 
C) stimulus-response associations. 
D) serial representations.

Question 6

Describe the peak procedure and how results obtained with the peak procedure may be explained by scalar expectancy theory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the peak procedure and how results...

Question 7

A dog is trained to fetch sodas from the refrigerator. It knows to first go the refrigerator. Once at the refrigerator, it knows to pull on the door. When the door is open, it knows to grab the can. With the can in its mouth, it knows to return to its master. This dog probably learned

Accepted Answer

A) serial patterns. 
B) serial representations. 
C) stimulus-response associations. 
D) paired associates. 
A) serial patterns. 
B) serial representations. 
C) stimulus-response associations. 
D) paired associates.

Question 8

According to Clayton et al. what is the required content of a memory for it to be considered "episodic"?

Accepted Answer

A) what happened 
B) when it happened 
C) where it happened 
D) all of the above 
A) what happened 
B) when it happened 
C) where it happened 
D) all of the above

Question 9

Describe two techniques for measuring an animal's ability for timing behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe two techniques for measuring an animal's...

Question 10

Monkeys were trained to respond sequentially in a simultaneous stimulus array procedure. After training, which of the following sets of test stimuli will lead to the longest latency to press the first key?

Accepted Answer

A) C, B 
B) A, E 
C) E, D 
D) A, D 
A) C, B 
B) A, E 
C) E, D 
D) A, D

Question 11

Human infants are said to have language

Accepted Answer

A) at birth. 
B) usually by 6 months. 
C) usually by 12 months. 
D) There is no one point where a child can be said to graduate to having language. 
A) at birth. 
B) usually by 6 months. 
C) usually by 12 months. 
D) There is no one point where a child can be said to graduate to having language.

Question 12

In order to respond correctly in tests of perceptual concept learning, a dolphin must

Accepted Answer

A) respond similarly to members of different categories if they share similar elements. 
B) respond differently to members of the same category if they have different elements. 
C) respond similarly to members of different categories even if they are very different. 
D) respond similarly to members of the same category even if they have different elements. 
A) respond similarly to members of different categories if they share similar elements. 
B) respond differently to members of the same category if they have different elements. 
C) respond similarly to members of different categories even if they are very different. 
D) respond similarly to members of the same category even if they have different elements.

Question 13

After learning to press five keys, "A" through "E," in alphabetical order, monkeys were given tests in which subsets of two keys were presented. A comparison of the latencies to press the second key revealed that as the number of letters missing between the two test keys increased, (BD)versus (BE)for example, the latency to press the second key _____, suggesting that the monkeys were subject to the symbolic distance effect.

Accepted Answer

A) remained the same 
B) increased 
C) decreased 
D) increased if the first key was "A" or "B," and decreased if the first key was "C" or "D" ("E" could not be the first key) 
A) remained the same 
B) increased 
C) decreased 
D) increased if the first key was "A" or "B," and decreased if the first key was "C" or "D" ("E" could not be the first key)

Question 14

Explain why tests with subsets of items from a simultaneous array are useful in assessing the mechanisms of serial pattern learning.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain why tests with subsets of items...

Question 15

Describe similarities and differences in language learning among chimpanzees and human children.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe similarities and differences in language learning...

Question 16

Evidence for episodic memory in scrub jays comes from the finding that

Accepted Answer

A) they will always prefer worms at all time periods since the food was cached. 
B) they will always prefer worms only if they are provided fresh worms at all time periods after caching including very long delays. 
C) they will prefer peanuts at short delays, but worms at longer delays after caching. 
D) evidence for episodic memory only has been found in mammals like rats, monkeys, and humans including human infants. 
A) they will always prefer worms at all time periods since the food was cached. 
B) they will always prefer worms only if they are provided fresh worms at all time periods after caching including very long delays. 
C) they will prefer peanuts at short delays, but worms at longer delays after caching. 
D) evidence for episodic memory only has been found in mammals like rats, monkeys, and humans including human infants.

Question 17

The best evidence that great apes use grammar is

Accepted Answer

A) the large size of their vocabulary. 
B) that most most utterances are multiple word phrases. 
C) that two-word utterances did not occur in random order. 
D) that they could convey their desires to humans. 
A) the large size of their vocabulary. 
B) that most most utterances are multiple word phrases. 
C) that two-word utterances did not occur in random order. 
D) that they could convey their desires to humans.

Question 18

A trial begins with presentation of a discriminative stimulus. If the stimulus is a light, a food pellet reinforcer will be set up after 20 seconds and can be earned with a lever press. If the stimulus is a tone, a food pellet reinforcer will be set up after 40 seconds and can be earned with a lever press. Test trials involve recording the subject's responses over 80 non-reinforced seconds. This type of experiment is investigating an organism's ability to

Accepted Answer

A) form concepts. 
B) produce durations. 
C) estimate durations. 
D) chunk information. 
A) form concepts. 
B) produce durations. 
C) estimate durations. 
D) chunk information.

Question 19

Discriminating between which of the following would demonstrate abstract concept formation?

Accepted Answer

A) natural and artificial 
B) red and orange 
C) males and females 
D) same and different 
A) natural and artificial 
B) red and orange 
C) males and females 
D) same and different

Question 20

Which of the following is not a component of linguistic competence?

Accepted Answer

A) learning a vocabulary 
B) developing a grammar 
C) language comprehension 
D) None of the above; all are components of linguistic competence. 
A) learning a vocabulary 
B) developing a grammar 
C) language comprehension 
D) None of the above; all are components of linguistic competence.

In a careful study of tool use in apes and crows, the researchers found

Perceptual concepts involve

Which of the following is most closely analogous to human episodic memory?

In an experiment with hungry rats, food is delivered to a food cup at regular 40 s intervals. The rats' head pokes into the food cup area are suggestive of

Describe the peak procedure and how results obtained with the peak procedure may be explained by scalar expectancy theory.

A dog is trained to fetch sodas from the refrigerator. It knows to first go the refrigerator. Once at the refrigerator, it knows to pull on the door. When the door is open, it knows to grab the can. With the can in its mouth, it knows to return to its master. This dog probably learned

According to Clayton et al. what is the required content of a memory for it to be considered "episodic"?

Describe two techniques for measuring an animal's ability for timing behavior.

Monkeys were trained to respond sequentially in a simultaneous stimulus array procedure. After training, which of the following sets of test stimuli will lead to the longest latency to press the first key?

Human infants are said to have language

In order to respond correctly in tests of perceptual concept learning, a dolphin must

Explain why tests with subsets of items from a simultaneous array are useful in assessing the mechanisms of serial pattern learning.

Describe similarities and differences in language learning among chimpanzees and human children.

Evidence for episodic memory in scrub jays comes from the finding that

The best evidence that great apes use grammar is

Discriminating between which of the following would demonstrate abstract concept formation?

Which of the following is not a component of linguistic competence?

Introduction

Elicited Behavior Habituation and Sensitization

Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning

Instrumental Conditioning

Schedules of Reinforcement and Choice Behavior

Instrumental Conditioning

Stimulus Control of Behavior

Extinction of Conditioned Behavior

Averse Control

Comparative Cognition I

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Exam 12: Comparative Cognition II

In a careful study of tool use in apes and crows, the researchers found

Perceptual concepts involve

Which of the following is most closely analogous to human episodic memory?

In an experiment with hungry rats, food is delivered to a food cup at regular 40 s intervals. The rats' head pokes into the food cup area are suggestive of

Describe the peak procedure and how results obtained with the peak procedure may be explained by scalar expectancy theory.

A dog is trained to fetch sodas from the refrigerator. It knows to first go the refrigerator. Once at the refrigerator, it knows to pull on the door. When the door is open, it knows to grab the can. With the can in its mouth, it knows to return to its master. This dog probably learned

According to Clayton et al. what is the required content of a memory for it to be considered "episodic"?

Describe two techniques for measuring an animal's ability for timing behavior.

Monkeys were trained to respond sequentially in a simultaneous stimulus array procedure. After training, which of the following sets of test stimuli will lead to the longest latency to press the first key?

Human infants are said to have language

In order to respond correctly in tests of perceptual concept learning, a dolphin must

Explain why tests with subsets of items from a simultaneous array are useful in assessing the mechanisms of serial pattern learning.

Describe similarities and differences in language learning among chimpanzees and human children.

Evidence for episodic memory in scrub jays comes from the finding that

The best evidence that great apes use grammar is

Discriminating between which of the following would demonstrate abstract concept formation?

Which of the following is not a component of linguistic competence?

Introduction

Elicited Behavior Habituation and Sensitization

Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning

Instrumental Conditioning

Schedules of Reinforcement and Choice Behavior

Instrumental Conditioning

Stimulus Control of Behavior

Extinction of Conditioned Behavior

Averse Control

Comparative Cognition I

Filters