Exam 3: Classic Theories of Learning and Cognition

One characteristic of behaviorism is an emphasis on

Warren has earned himself a reputation for being the class clown. His teacher, Ms. Washington, used to laugh at Warren's funny remarks, but is now trying to discourage Warren's disruptive behavior by ignoring his jokes. In operant conditioning terminology, Ms. Washington is now trying to modify Warren's joke-telling behavior through

Which of the following supports the operant conditioning explanation for why some children become aggressive?

Pavlovian (classical) conditioning is to involuntary response as operant conditioning is to _______ response.

Which form of conservation are children likely to master last?

Object permanence refers to the belief that

The constructivist approach to instruction is most based upon the theories of

Teresa has a painful experience at the dentist's office. The next time her mother brings her to the dentist's office, Teresa begins to get tense and anxious. Teresa's anxiety is a(n)

Generalizing from research on maintaining behavior over the long run, we can say that behavior that is reinforced intermittently is more resistant to extinction than behavior that is reinforced continuously.

Of all the operant conditioning techniques and principles discussed in the text, which did Skinner (and others) recommend avoiding?

Object permanence is emphasized in which of Piaget's stages?

Private speech is normal and common in young children.

Serafina can go beyond what she sees in the real world and can consider possibilities and scenarios that don't exist. She is likely in which of Piaget's stages?

Newborns are in which Piagetian stage?

Why do constructivists advocate making student thinking public?

Teresa has a painful experience at the dentist's office, so her mother takes Teresa to a new dentist, one who takes great care to make her visits painless. Teresa is anxious at first, but after a few visits, Teresa gradually becomes less resistant about going to the new dentist. Teresa's change in behavior can probably best be explained in terms of

Edward is severely beaten by his alcoholic father on several occasions. Before long, Edward begins to shake whenever his father approaches. In this situation, Edward's father is

One of the key criticisms of Piaget's theory of cognitive development centers on the fact that he

A child who watches a chef in a pizza restaurant flatten a ball of dough into a crust may comment, "Wow! It sure got a lot bigger when you did that." This type of thinking is most closely associated with the Piagetian concept of

Which of the following best describes direct instruction?