Exam 4: Spinal Trauma

____ injuries occur when the cord is stretched beyond its normal length.

Spinal cord injury is generally considered a condition associated with ____.

The spinal cord is the portion of the central nervous system that carries continuous messages from the brain to the rest of the body and back.

Usually just one vector of energy is applied to the body at the time of an injury.

The descending, or ____ tract (from the cortex to the spine), is found in the anterior portion of the spinal cord.

A spinal cord ____ is described as a temporary reduction in motor and sensation functions without any structural damage to the cord itself.

____ shock is the loss of motor control and sensation below the injury site.

____ describes a thoracic or lumbar spinal cord injury that limits or eliminates motor control and sensation in the lower extremities.

____, the leading cause of spinal cord injury, account for an estimated 42% of all spinal cord injuries.

____ injuries (also referred to as axial loading) occur when force is applied directly to the long axis of the spine.

All populations are at equal risk of suffering spinal cord injury.

____ can occur at any level and will eliminate the transmission and reception of all messages below the area of the insult.

The spine moves with ____ when it bends backward, such as when a person looks above or intentionally stretches backwards.

Paramedics should perform an examination before making an assessment whether or not to treat for a spinal cord injury.

____ are areas of the body innervated by specific spinal nerves (nerves that leave the spinal cord).

Of the three spinothalamic spinal tracts, the ____ tract transmits pain and temperature.

A ____ disc occurs when the center pushes its way out of the perimeter.

____ is a partial transection of the cord which reduces position sense and motor control on the side with the injury and reduces pain and temperature sense on the other side.

A healthy person who trips and falls while running at full speed is likely to sustain an injury to their spinal cord.

The body goes through four stages or phases of spinal shock.