Question 1

How did the plague break down traditional beliefs, attitudes, and relationships among medieval European communities?

Accepted Answer

The plague, also known as the Black Deat

Question 2

How are postplague socioeconomic relations between rich and poor in Europe best described?

Accepted Answer

A) They improved noticeably as Christians sought to make peace with one another to please an angry God. 
B) They got much worse as the positions of landlords deteriorated, and they sought to limit the gains of the peasants. 
C) They deteriorated because a surplus of workers resulted in a dramatic downturn in wages. 
A) They improved noticeably as Christians sought to make peace with one another to please an angry God. 
B) They got much worse as the positions of landlords deteriorated, and they sought to limit the gains of the peasants. 
C) They deteriorated because a surplus of workers resulted in a dramatic downturn in wages.

Question 3

The Golden Bull of 1356 in Germany had what effect?

Accepted Answer

A) It made heredity rather than election the process by which German kings were selected. 
B) It ensured the independence of the ecclesiastical states. 
C) It gave seven electors the power to choose the "king of the Romans." 
A) It made heredity rather than election the process by which German kings were selected. 
B) It ensured the independence of the ecclesiastical states. 
C) It gave seven electors the power to choose the "king of the Romans."

Question 4

Which of the following describes an adverse economic and population change in fourteenth-century Europe?

Accepted Answer

A) Growing peasant land holdings below the size needed to support a family 
B) An exodus of residents from overpopulated rural areas 
C) Slowly rising numbers of poor people in cities 
A) Growing peasant land holdings below the size needed to support a family 
B) An exodus of residents from overpopulated rural areas 
C) Slowly rising numbers of poor people in cities

Question 5

How is Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales best described?

Accepted Answer

A) It celebrated English victories in the Hundred Years' War. 
B) It portrayed characters from a variety of status levels, both high- and low-born. 
C) It justified the English Peasants' Revolt. 
A) It celebrated English victories in the Hundred Years' War. 
B) It portrayed characters from a variety of status levels, both high- and low-born. 
C) It justified the English Peasants' Revolt.

Question 6

In fourteenth-century Venice, the real executive power of the state came to be held by whom?

Accepted Answer

A) Doge 
B) Council of Ten 
C) Council of Merchants 
A) Doge 
B) Council of Ten 
C) Council of Merchants

Question 7

What are the central themes and messages of later medieval literature? In what ways are they responding to their political, social, and religious context? Discuss at least three different works in your response.

Accepted Answer

Later medieval literature is characteriz

Question 8

Prior to the Golden Bull of 1356, how is Germany best described?

Accepted Answer

A) It composed the four kingdoms of Bavaria, Prussia, Hanover, and Austria. 
B) It was under the sole authority of the pope. 
C) It was a land of hundreds of virtually independent states. 
A) It composed the four kingdoms of Bavaria, Prussia, Hanover, and Austria. 
B) It was under the sole authority of the pope. 
C) It was a land of hundreds of virtually independent states.

Question 9

How did the French government and aristocracy respond to the Jacquerie?

Accepted Answer

A) Drafting the rebels into the army 
B) Massacring the participants 
C) Negotiating a settlement with its leaders 
A) Drafting the rebels into the army 
B) Massacring the participants 
C) Negotiating a settlement with its leaders

Question 10

How is Dante's Divine Comedy best described?

Accepted Answer

A) It is considered a supreme summary of medieval thought. 
B) It was one of the last fourteenth-century works to be written in Latin. 
C) It lashed out at the "barbarity" of the classical tradition. 
A) It is considered a supreme summary of medieval thought. 
B) It was one of the last fourteenth-century works to be written in Latin. 
C) It lashed out at the "barbarity" of the classical tradition.

Question 11

How was the medieval medical profession affected by the plague?

Accepted Answer

The medieval medical profession was grea

Question 12

What was the main cause of the early fourteenth century famines?

Accepted Answer

A) A little ice age inducing bad weather with heavy rains 
B) A lack of knowledge of scientific agriculture 
C) Droughts throughout most of Europe 
A) A little ice age inducing bad weather with heavy rains 
B) A lack of knowledge of scientific agriculture 
C) Droughts throughout most of Europe

Question 13

Politically, France by the end of the fourteenth century experienced which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) The dominance of the Estates-General in determining government policy and administering taxes 
B) No new forms of government revenue due to royal opposition 
C) Chaos and civil war as rival noble factions fought for control of the realm 
A) The dominance of the Estates-General in determining government policy and administering taxes 
B) No new forms of government revenue due to royal opposition 
C) Chaos and civil war as rival noble factions fought for control of the realm

Question 14

Which of the following is a key economic consequence of the plague?

Accepted Answer

A) The rapid expansion of European civic banking to rebuild industry 
B) A decline in manorialism and weakening of feudalism as noble landlords desperate for cash converted peasant labor service to market rents, freeing their serfs 
C) The more frequent bankruptcy of monarchs as they emptied their treasuries trying to provide poor relief 
A) The rapid expansion of European civic banking to rebuild industry 
B) A decline in manorialism and weakening of feudalism as noble landlords desperate for cash converted peasant labor service to market rents, freeing their serfs 
C) The more frequent bankruptcy of monarchs as they emptied their treasuries trying to provide poor relief

Question 15

How did city authorities respond to the plague?

Accepted Answer

City authorities across different region

Question 16

Economically, the great plague and the crises of the fourteenth century had what effect?

Accepted Answer

A) They devastated peasants but not nobles. 
B) They brought an economic boom to landlords. 
C) They raised wages because of a scarcity of labor. 
A) They devastated peasants but not nobles. 
B) They brought an economic boom to landlords. 
C) They raised wages because of a scarcity of labor.

Question 17

The Black Death resulted in a decline of the European population by how much?

Accepted Answer

A) 10 percent 
B) Between 15 and 25 percent 
C) Between 25 and 50 percent 
A) 10 percent 
B) Between 15 and 25 percent 
C) Between 25 and 50 percent

Question 18

Why did some Europeans target Jews during the plague?

Accepted Answer

During the time of the plague, specifica

Question 19

How did the "little ice age" affect the outbreak and spread of the Black Death? Who was most affected?

Accepted Answer

The "little ice age" had a significant i

Question 20

How did the plague affect European attitudes toward the use of violence?

Accepted Answer

The plague had a significant impact on E

Exam 11: The Later Middle Ages: Crisis and Disintegration in the Fourteenth Century

How did the plague break down traditional beliefs, attitudes, and relationships among medieval European communities?

How are postplague socioeconomic relations between rich and poor in Europe best described?

The Golden Bull of 1356 in Germany had what effect?

Which of the following describes an adverse economic and population change in fourteenth-century Europe?

How is Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales best described?

In fourteenth-century Venice, the real executive power of the state came to be held by whom?

What are the central themes and messages of later medieval literature? In what ways are they responding to their political, social, and religious context? Discuss at least three different works in your response.

Prior to the Golden Bull of 1356, how is Germany best described?

How did the French government and aristocracy respond to the Jacquerie?

How is Dante's Divine Comedy best described?

How was the medieval medical profession affected by the plague?

What was the main cause of the early fourteenth century famines?

Politically, France by the end of the fourteenth century experienced which of the following?

Which of the following is a key economic consequence of the plague?

How did city authorities respond to the plague?

Economically, the great plague and the crises of the fourteenth century had what effect?

The Black Death resulted in a decline of the European population by how much?

Why did some Europeans target Jews during the plague?

How did the "little ice age" affect the outbreak and spread of the Black Death? Who was most affected?

How did the plague affect European attitudes toward the use of violence?

The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations

The Ancient Near East: Peoples and Empires

The Civilization of the Greeks

The Hellenistic World

The Roman Republic

The Roman Empire

Late Antiquity and the Emergence of the Medieval World

European Civilization in the Early Middle Ages, 750-1000

The Recovery and Growth of European Society in the High Middle Ages

The Rise of Kingdoms and the Growth of Church Power

Recovery and Rebirth: the Age of the Renaissance

Reformation and Religious Warfare in the Sixteenth Century

Europe and the World: New Encounters, 1500-1800

State Building and the Search for Order in the Seventeenth Century

Toward a New Heaven and a New Earth: The Scientific Revolution and the Emergence of Modern Science

The Eighteenth Century: an Age of Enlightenment

The Eighteenth Century: European States, International Wars, and Social Change

A Revolution in Politics: the Era of the French Revolution and Napoleon

The Industrial Revolution and Its Impact on European Society

Reaction, Revolution, and Romanticism, 1815-1850

An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850-1871

Mass Society in an Age of Progress, 1871-1894

An Age of Modernity, Anxiety, and Imperialism, 1894-1914

The Beginning of the Twentieth-Century Crisis: War and Revolution

The Futile Search for Stability: Europe Between the Wars, 1919-1939

The Deepening of the European Crisis: World War II

Cold War and a New Western World, 1945-1965

Protest and Stagnation: The Western World, 1965-1985

After the Fall: The Western World in a Global Age Since 1985

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