Question 1

Which of the following variables is an interval-level variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  A nursing intervention delivered at set times 
B)  Weight 
C)  Personality type 
D)  Comorbid conditions 
A)  A nursing intervention delivered at set times 
B)  Weight 
C)  Personality type 
D)  Comorbid conditions B

Question 2

How is a simple random sample obtained?

Accepted Answer

A)  By recruiting every other person who meets the inclusion criteria admitted on three consecutive days 
B)  By advertising for persons to participate in the study 
C)  By selecting names from a list of all members of a population in a way that allows only chance to determine who is selected 
D)  By selecting persons from an assumed population who meet the inclusion criteria 
A)  By recruiting every other person who meets the inclusion criteria admitted on three consecutive days 
B)  By advertising for persons to participate in the study 
C)  By selecting names from a list of all members of a population in a way that allows only chance to determine who is selected 
D)  By selecting persons from an assumed population who meet the inclusion criteria C

Question 3

Research variables are:

Accepted Answer

A)  differences in findings from one study to another. 
B)  different measures of an outcome. 
C)  features, characteristics, or properties of persons, situations, experiences, or things that change or vary. 
D)  measures of dispersion in the data of a study. 
A)  differences in findings from one study to another. 
B)  different measures of an outcome. 
C)  features, characteristics, or properties of persons, situations, experiences, or things that change or vary. 
D)  measures of dispersion in the data of a study. C

Question 4

Generally, which type of variable is most difficult to capture with a quantitative measure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Psychosocial variables 
B)  Physiologic variables 
C)  Extraneous variables 
D)  Independent variables 
A)  Psychosocial variables 
B)  Physiologic variables 
C)  Extraneous variables 
D)  Independent variables

Question 5

What boards have the responsibility to give ethical approval to research studies?

Accepted Answer

A)  State Boards of Nursing 
B)  National Certification Review Boards 
C)  Institutional Review Boards 
D)  State Boards of Health 
A)  State Boards of Nursing 
B)  National Certification Review Boards 
C)  Institutional Review Boards 
D)  State Boards of Health

Question 6

In the exemplar study about mealtime RAA insulin practices (Lampe et al., 2014), which of the following actions assured good quality data?

Accepted Answer

A)  They used data collectors who worked on the units where data was collected. 
B)  They trained the data collectors and assessed the inter-rater reliability between them. 
C)  Only persons who achieved high Cronbach's alpha scores were used as data collectors. 
D)  Each event was record by two data collectors who were blind to each other's ratings. 
A)  They used data collectors who worked on the units where data was collected. 
B)  They trained the data collectors and assessed the inter-rater reliability between them. 
C)  Only persons who achieved high Cronbach's alpha scores were used as data collectors. 
D)  Each event was record by two data collectors who were blind to each other's ratings.

Question 7

All of the following statements are true about extraneous variables, except:

Accepted Answer

A)  they can lead to wrong conclusions about the study results. 
B)  they can often be controlled in advance of doing the study. 
C)  they can often be eliminated in advance of doing the study. 
D)  they can contribute to the validity of the study measurements. 
A)  they can lead to wrong conclusions about the study results. 
B)  they can often be controlled in advance of doing the study. 
C)  they can often be eliminated in advance of doing the study. 
D)  they can contribute to the validity of the study measurements.

Question 8

What is the advantage of random samples over convenience samples?

Accepted Answer

A)  They require less effort and cost less. 
B)  The target population is clear and the sample is obtained in an unbiased way from the population. 
C)  They result in fewer dropouts from the study. 
D)  They produce a more homogenous sample. 
A)  They require less effort and cost less. 
B)  The target population is clear and the sample is obtained in an unbiased way from the population. 
C)  They result in fewer dropouts from the study. 
D)  They produce a more homogenous sample.

Question 9

In the exemplar study about mealtime RAA insulin practices (Lampe et al., 2014), which of the following was found about glucose monitoring and RAA insulin administration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only a small percentage (14%) of patients had both glucose monitoring and RAA insulin administration performed within the established timeframes. 
B)  RAA insulin was administered within 15 minutes of the first bite of food most of the time. 
C)  There were a few outliers, but in most situations glucose monitoring and RAA insulin administration were performed within established timeframes. 
D)  The standards set for timing of glucose monitoring and RAA insulin administration are too high to be achieved in busy hospital settings. 
A)  Only a small percentage (14%) of patients had both glucose monitoring and RAA insulin administration performed within the established timeframes. 
B)  RAA insulin was administered within 15 minutes of the first bite of food most of the time. 
C)  There were a few outliers, but in most situations glucose monitoring and RAA insulin administration were performed within established timeframes. 
D)  The standards set for timing of glucose monitoring and RAA insulin administration are too high to be achieved in busy hospital settings.

Question 10

Federal law requires that Institutional Review Boards:

Accepted Answer

A)  oversee evidence-based practice. 
B)  develop evidence-based clinical protocols. 
C)  be nationally registered. 
D)  meet yearly. 
A)  oversee evidence-based practice. 
B)  develop evidence-based clinical protocols. 
C)  be nationally registered. 
D)  meet yearly.

Question 11

In studies that use more than one data collector, how is the consistency of the data evaluated?

Accepted Answer

A)  Internal validity 
B)  Outcome reliability 
C)  Confidence intervals 
D)  Inter-rater reliability 
A)  Internal validity 
B)  Outcome reliability 
C)  Confidence intervals 
D)  Inter-rater reliability

Question 12

Which of the following statements is true of psychosocial variables?

Accepted Answer

A)  Highly valid measure of them is not possible. 
B)  They are extraneous variables in nursing research. 
C)  Measurement of them is tricky and requires careful instrument development. 
D)  They are best measured by physiological indicators. 
A)  Highly valid measure of them is not possible. 
B)  They are extraneous variables in nursing research. 
C)  Measurement of them is tricky and requires careful instrument development. 
D)  They are best measured by physiological indicators.

Question 13

What kind of research variable is gender?

Accepted Answer

A)  A categorical variable 
B)  An active variable 
C)  An outcome variable 
D)  Not a variable 
A)  A categorical variable 
B)  An active variable 
C)  An outcome variable 
D)  Not a variable

Question 14

Which of the following statements is a good definition of instrument validity?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the accurate measurement of a variable over time by an instrument. 
B)  It is the conversion of qualitative variables to numerical values. 
C)  It is the capacity of a measuring instrument to capture the essence and totality of the variable of interest. 
D)  It is the inter-rater significance of a measurement instrument. 
A)  It is the accurate measurement of a variable over time by an instrument. 
B)  It is the conversion of qualitative variables to numerical values. 
C)  It is the capacity of a measuring instrument to capture the essence and totality of the variable of interest. 
D)  It is the inter-rater significance of a measurement instrument.

Question 15

Inter-rater reliability is important to consider in a study with:

Accepted Answer

A)  a diverse sample. 
B)  more than one data collector. 
C)  a small sample size. 
D)  a single data collector collecting two types of data. 
A)  a diverse sample. 
B)  more than one data collector. 
C)  a small sample size. 
D)  a single data collector collecting two types of data.

Question 16

Which of the following studies would receive particularly careful review by an Institutional Review Board?

Accepted Answer

A)  A study of the effect of nurses' work schedules on errors 
B)  A study of the effects of two systems of position changes on skin breakdown in patients with multiple lower extremity fractures 
C)  A study of home visits by a nurse to families with a newborn 
D)  A study of couples' decisions to enter genetic testing programs 
A)  A study of the effect of nurses' work schedules on errors 
B)  A study of the effects of two systems of position changes on skin breakdown in patients with multiple lower extremity fractures 
C)  A study of home visits by a nurse to families with a newborn 
D)  A study of couples' decisions to enter genetic testing programs

Question 17

When does a researcher present a study to an Institutional Review Board?

Accepted Answer

A)  Before the study begins 
B)  If problems are encountered conducting the study 
C)  After the results have been analyzed 
D)  Prior to submitting the report for publication 
A)  Before the study begins 
B)  If problems are encountered conducting the study 
C)  After the results have been analyzed 
D)  Prior to submitting the report for publication

Question 18

Which of the following can be an extraneous variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  An intervention delivered outside of usual care routines 
B)  An intervention without internal validity 
C)  Participants' awareness that they are being studied 
D)  Observation of participants' responses from behind a one-way glass 
A)  An intervention delivered outside of usual care routines 
B)  An intervention without internal validity 
C)  Participants' awareness that they are being studied 
D)  Observation of participants' responses from behind a one-way glass

Question 19

When a convenience sample is used, how is the target population defined?

Accepted Answer

A)  By the exclusion criteria used for the study 
B)  By using matched pairs of persons in the study 
C)  By using a respected textbook's definition of the population 
D)  By the characteristics profile of the sample of the study and the setting(s) from which the sample was recruited 
A)  By the exclusion criteria used for the study 
B)  By using matched pairs of persons in the study 
C)  By using a respected textbook's definition of the population 
D)  By the characteristics profile of the sample of the study and the setting(s) from which the sample was recruited

Question 20

One way to establish validity of a questionnaire is by measuring:

Accepted Answer

A)  the correlation between the score on the questionnaire and another measure of the same concept. 
B)  the alpha value of the reliability coefficient. 
C)  how well subjects perform on the questionnaire at one time compared to another time. 
D)  the consistency by which multiple subjects are able to complete the questionnaire without error. 
A)  the correlation between the score on the questionnaire and another measure of the same concept. 
B)  the alpha value of the reliability coefficient. 
C)  how well subjects perform on the questionnaire at one time compared to another time. 
D)  the consistency by which multiple subjects are able to complete the questionnaire without error.

Which of the following variables is an interval-level variable?

How is a simple random sample obtained?

Research variables are:

Generally, which type of variable is most difficult to capture with a quantitative measure?

What boards have the responsibility to give ethical approval to research studies?

In the exemplar study about mealtime RAA insulin practices (Lampe et al., 2014), which of the following actions assured good quality data?

All of the following statements are true about extraneous variables, except:

What is the advantage of random samples over convenience samples?

In the exemplar study about mealtime RAA insulin practices (Lampe et al., 2014), which of the following was found about glucose monitoring and RAA insulin administration?

Federal law requires that Institutional Review Boards:

In studies that use more than one data collector, how is the consistency of the data evaluated?

Which of the following statements is true of psychosocial variables?

What kind of research variable is gender?

Which of the following statements is a good definition of instrument validity?

Inter-rater reliability is important to consider in a study with:

Which of the following studies would receive particularly careful review by an Institutional Review Board?

When does a researcher present a study to an Institutional Review Board?

Which of the following can be an extraneous variable?

When a convenience sample is used, how is the target population defined?

One way to establish validity of a questionnaire is by measuring:

The Research-Practice Connection

Research Evidence

Reading Research Articles

Qualitative Research

Correlational Research

Experimental Research

Cohort Research

Systematic Reviews

Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines

Asking Clinical Questions

Searching for Research Evidence

Appraising Research Evidence

Appraising Recommendations of Clinical Practice Guidelines

Appraising Conclusions of Systematic Reviews With Narrative Synthesis

Appraising Findings of Original Studies

Evidence Based Practice Strategies

Evidence-Based Practice Participation Scenarios

Point-Of-Care Design Adaptations

Filters

Exam 5: Quantitative Descriptive Research

Which of the following variables is an interval-level variable?

How is a simple random sample obtained?

Research variables are:

Generally, which type of variable is most difficult to capture with a quantitative measure?

What boards have the responsibility to give ethical approval to research studies?

In the exemplar study about mealtime RAA insulin practices (Lampe et al., 2014), which of the following actions assured good quality data?

All of the following statements are true about extraneous variables, except:

What is the advantage of random samples over convenience samples?

In the exemplar study about mealtime RAA insulin practices (Lampe et al., 2014), which of the following was found about glucose monitoring and RAA insulin administration?

Federal law requires that Institutional Review Boards:

In studies that use more than one data collector, how is the consistency of the data evaluated?

Which of the following statements is true of psychosocial variables?

What kind of research variable is gender?

Which of the following statements is a good definition of instrument validity?

Inter-rater reliability is important to consider in a study with:

Which of the following studies would receive particularly careful review by an Institutional Review Board?

When does a researcher present a study to an Institutional Review Board?

Which of the following can be an extraneous variable?

When a convenience sample is used, how is the target population defined?

One way to establish validity of a questionnaire is by measuring:

The Research-Practice Connection

Research Evidence

Reading Research Articles

Qualitative Research

Correlational Research

Experimental Research

Cohort Research

Systematic Reviews

Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines

Asking Clinical Questions

Searching for Research Evidence

Appraising Research Evidence

Appraising Recommendations of Clinical Practice Guidelines

Appraising Conclusions of Systematic Reviews With Narrative Synthesis

Appraising Findings of Original Studies

Evidence Based Practice Strategies

Evidence-Based Practice Participation Scenarios

Point-Of-Care Design Adaptations

Filters