Exam 12: Global Epidemiology of Cancer

What classes of carcinogenic agents are found in tobacco smoke?

Worldwide, the leading cause of cancer death in women is lung cancer.

In developing countries, approximately what percentage of cancer mortality is attributable to chronic infection?

Primary prevention refers to avoidance of exposure to disease-causing risk factors.

What form of cancer causes the most deaths among men living in sub-Saharan Africa?

Rates of colon cancer mortality began to decline in US men and women in the 1980s.

Approximately what percentage of cancer mortality is attributable to cigarette smoking and other forms of tobacco use?

Tertiary prevention involves behavioral changes that limit the progression of disease and improve the quality of life after diagnosis.

Chronic alcohol abuse heightens the risk of several gastrointestinal cancers including oral cavity cancer, esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, liver cancer, and pancreatic cancer.

Vaccination against HPV strains 16 and 18 is not a form of primary prevention.

What forms of cancer are etiologically linked to chronic cigarette smoking or other forms of tobacco addiction?

Discuss differences in cause-specific cancer mortality in developed versus developing nations.

Certain strains of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV 16 and 18) exclusively cause cervical cancer.

Low dietary fiber has not been etiologically linked to the development of colon cancer.