Question 1

Policy makers in the United States increasingly avoid demanding evidence-based decisions behind closed doors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Evidence-based medicine can be implemented as:

Accepted Answer

A)  a top-down approach only. 
B)  a bottom-up approach only. 
C)  neither a top-down nor a bottom-up approach. 
D)  both a top-down and a bottom-up approach. 
A)  a top-down approach only. 
B)  a bottom-up approach only. 
C)  neither a top-down nor a bottom-up approach. 
D)  both a top-down and a bottom-up approach. D

Question 3

Which of the following has proven a significant barrier in the adoption of patient-driven health care?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ACA actively discourages the adoption of patient-driven health care. 
B)  Evidence indicates that patient-driven health care costs far more than traditional provider-led health care. 
C)  Many physicians question the ability of patients to understand complex medical information. 
D)  Current information technology does not support the distribution of decision aids for patients. 
A)  The ACA actively discourages the adoption of patient-driven health care. 
B)  Evidence indicates that patient-driven health care costs far more than traditional provider-led health care. 
C)  Many physicians question the ability of patients to understand complex medical information. 
D)  Current information technology does not support the distribution of decision aids for patients. C

Question 4

The gold standard for gathering new evidence is the comparative effectiveness study.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Evidence-based medicine is also sometimes called:

Accepted Answer

A)  alternative medicine. 
B)  integrated medicine. 
C)  top-down medicine. 
D)  homeopathic medicine. 
A)  alternative medicine. 
B)  integrated medicine. 
C)  top-down medicine. 
D)  homeopathic medicine.

Question 6

Resistance to evidence-based medicine often stems from:

Accepted Answer

A)  payers' worry over the high costs of implementation. 
B)  providers' concern that it will remove their independence. 
C)  the fact that protocols are not based on homogeneous populations. 
D)  fears that patient preferences are not addressed. 
A)  payers' worry over the high costs of implementation. 
B)  providers' concern that it will remove their independence. 
C)  the fact that protocols are not based on homogeneous populations. 
D)  fears that patient preferences are not addressed.

Question 7

Why do clinicians find the guidelines of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force especially helpful?

Accepted Answer

A)  The guidelines are easy to implement and cost almost nothing. 
B)  Clinicians have had a great deal of input in the development of these guidelines. 
C)  Guidelines can be implemented by patients themselves, saving clinicians' time. 
D)  Most clinicians must rely on these guidelines rather than on their own experience. 
A)  The guidelines are easy to implement and cost almost nothing. 
B)  Clinicians have had a great deal of input in the development of these guidelines. 
C)  Guidelines can be implemented by patients themselves, saving clinicians' time. 
D)  Most clinicians must rely on these guidelines rather than on their own experience.

Question 8

Some providers are concerned about requiring evidence-based practices for diagnoses where there is not enough hard knowledge from which to draw conclusions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following has NOT been an important factor in the rise to prominence of evidence-based medicine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pressures on providers to conserve time 
B)  Patient concerns about the cost of health care 
C)  The sluggish pace of technological change 
D)  Promotion of negative results 
A)  Pressures on providers to conserve time 
B)  Patient concerns about the cost of health care 
C)  The sluggish pace of technological change 
D)  Promotion of negative results

Question 10

Manufacturers tend to support studies in which a placebo is the control, implying that the product being tested merely needs to be better than doing nothing at all.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Comparative effectiveness studies:

Accepted Answer

A)  are much more tightly controlled than randomized, controlled clinical trials. 
B)  constitute proof of efficacious treatment. 
C)  tend to be observational in nature. 
D)  are not suitable for hypothesis generation. 
A)  are much more tightly controlled than randomized, controlled clinical trials. 
B)  constitute proof of efficacious treatment. 
C)  tend to be observational in nature. 
D)  are not suitable for hypothesis generation.

Question 12

Standardizing treatment protocols:

Accepted Answer

A)  causes fewer resources to be wasted. 
B)  drastically increases the cost of health care. 
C)  leads to less consistent patient outcomes. 
D)  strips providers of their autonomy. 
A)  causes fewer resources to be wasted. 
B)  drastically increases the cost of health care. 
C)  leads to less consistent patient outcomes. 
D)  strips providers of their autonomy.

Question 13

Which of the following is the first step in evidence-based analysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Assess the validity of available evidence. 
B)  Search the available literature for information. 
C)  Implement specific approaches in practice. 
D)  Generate a problem definition. 
A)  Assess the validity of available evidence. 
B)  Search the available literature for information. 
C)  Implement specific approaches in practice. 
D)  Generate a problem definition.

Question 14

Patients are increasingly inclined to question their physician's recommendations because of health-related information they see on television and online.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Most randomized, controlled clinical trials are conducted on:

Accepted Answer

A)  medical devices. 
B)  physical therapy techniques. 
C)  proposed prescription drugs. 
D)  vitamins and nutritional supplements. 
A)  medical devices. 
B)  physical therapy techniques. 
C)  proposed prescription drugs. 
D)  vitamins and nutritional supplements.

Question 16

The pyramid of evidence:

Accepted Answer

A)  is topped by randomized controlled trials. 
B)  is displayed with four to ten levels. 
C)  does not include meta-analysis. 
D)  excludes observational studies. 
A)  is topped by randomized controlled trials. 
B)  is displayed with four to ten levels. 
C)  does not include meta-analysis. 
D)  excludes observational studies.

Question 17

When evidence-based medicine is implemented with the bottom-up approach, experts form a consensus based on strong empirical evidence, and that consensus is then spread as standard operating procedure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Why might a provider be interested in using a standardized clinical assessment and management plan (SCAMP)?

Accepted Answer

A)  SCAMPs require providers to standardize treatment, allowing them to see more patients. 
B)  SCAMPs reduce the amount of paperwork providers must deal with. 
C)  SCAMPs give providers a bit more flexibility when working with patients. 
D)  SCAMPs make it easier for providers to submit claims to insurance companies. 
A)  SCAMPs require providers to standardize treatment, allowing them to see more patients. 
B)  SCAMPs reduce the amount of paperwork providers must deal with. 
C)  SCAMPs give providers a bit more flexibility when working with patients. 
D)  SCAMPs make it easier for providers to submit claims to insurance companies.

Question 19

A clinician's experience can often be influenced by:

Accepted Answer

A)  past training. 
B)  marketing from drug companies. 
C)  personal economic interests. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  past training. 
B)  marketing from drug companies. 
C)  personal economic interests. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 20

When one searches for "levels of evidence" online, the MOST reliable evidence consists of:

Accepted Answer

A)  systematic studies that integrate findings from multiple studies. 
B)  randomized controlled trials. 
C)  anecdotes, personal opinions, and case reports. 
D)  meta-analyses involving multiple studies. 
A)  systematic studies that integrate findings from multiple studies. 
B)  randomized controlled trials. 
C)  anecdotes, personal opinions, and case reports. 
D)  meta-analyses involving multiple studies.

Policy makers in the United States increasingly avoid demanding evidence-based decisions behind closed doors.

Evidence-based medicine can be implemented as:

Which of the following has proven a significant barrier in the adoption of patient-driven health care?

The gold standard for gathering new evidence is the comparative effectiveness study.

Evidence-based medicine is also sometimes called:

Resistance to evidence-based medicine often stems from:

Why do clinicians find the guidelines of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force especially helpful?

Some providers are concerned about requiring evidence-based practices for diagnoses where there is not enough hard knowledge from which to draw conclusions.

Which of the following has NOT been an important factor in the rise to prominence of evidence-based medicine?

Manufacturers tend to support studies in which a placebo is the control, implying that the product being tested merely needs to be better than doing nothing at all.

Comparative effectiveness studies:

Standardizing treatment protocols:

Which of the following is the first step in evidence-based analysis?

Patients are increasingly inclined to question their physician's recommendations because of health-related information they see on television and online.

Most randomized, controlled clinical trials are conducted on:

The pyramid of evidence:

When evidence-based medicine is implemented with the bottom-up approach, experts form a consensus based on strong empirical evidence, and that consensus is then spread as standard operating procedure.

Why might a provider be interested in using a standardized clinical assessment and management plan (SCAMP)?

A clinician's experience can often be influenced by:

When one searches for "levels of evidence" online, the MOST reliable evidence consists of:

Introduction

American Exceptionalism - Conceptual and Structural

American Exceptionalism Historical and Political

Where Do We Want to Be

What Are the Governmental Alternatives

The Policy Analysis Process: Identification and Definition

The Policy Analysis Process: Health Technology Assessment

The Policy Analysis Process: Evaluation of Political Feasibility

The Policy Analysis Process: Evaluation of Economic Viability

The Policy Analysis Process: Analysis of Values

Implementation Strategy and Planning

Health Professional Leadership

All Those Levers and Still No Fulcrum

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Exam 8: The Policy Analysis Process: Evidence-Based Medicine

Policy makers in the United States increasingly avoid demanding evidence-based decisions behind closed doors.

Evidence-based medicine can be implemented as:

Which of the following has proven a significant barrier in the adoption of patient-driven health care?

The gold standard for gathering new evidence is the comparative effectiveness study.

Evidence-based medicine is also sometimes called:

Resistance to evidence-based medicine often stems from:

Why do clinicians find the guidelines of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force especially helpful?

Some providers are concerned about requiring evidence-based practices for diagnoses where there is not enough hard knowledge from which to draw conclusions.

Which of the following has NOT been an important factor in the rise to prominence of evidence-based medicine?

Manufacturers tend to support studies in which a placebo is the control, implying that the product being tested merely needs to be better than doing nothing at all.

Comparative effectiveness studies:

Standardizing treatment protocols:

Which of the following is the first step in evidence-based analysis?

Patients are increasingly inclined to question their physician's recommendations because of health-related information they see on television and online.

Most randomized, controlled clinical trials are conducted on:

The pyramid of evidence:

When evidence-based medicine is implemented with the bottom-up approach, experts form a consensus based on strong empirical evidence, and that consensus is then spread as standard operating procedure.

Why might a provider be interested in using a standardized clinical assessment and management plan (SCAMP)?

A clinician's experience can often be influenced by:

When one searches for "levels of evidence" online, the MOST reliable evidence consists of:

Introduction

American Exceptionalism - Conceptual and Structural

American Exceptionalism Historical and Political

Where Do We Want to Be

What Are the Governmental Alternatives

The Policy Analysis Process: Identification and Definition

The Policy Analysis Process: Health Technology Assessment

The Policy Analysis Process: Evaluation of Political Feasibility

The Policy Analysis Process: Evaluation of Economic Viability

The Policy Analysis Process: Analysis of Values

Implementation Strategy and Planning

Health Professional Leadership

All Those Levers and Still No Fulcrum

Filters