Exam 7: Analytic Epidemiology: Observational Studies

The nurse is performing a comparison study about the incidence of microcephaly between pregnant mothers who traveled to areas where the Zika virus was prevalent and pregnant mothers who did not. A risk ratio (RR) of 1.4 is calculated. Which is the meaning of the RR?

NHS 3's aims were to include both genders and diverse ethnic and racial participants.

The NHS has contributed to advancing scientific knowledge of women's health and evidence-based public health initiatives. Which is a research result attributed to the NHS?

The overall purpose of the Framingham study was to identify common factors that contribute to ________ _______.

If control groups are selected from hospitalized patients with diseases or conditions, researchers must consider issues that may not reflect characteristics of the general population.

Cohort studies are beneficial when the source of exposure can be determined over time and are easier to conduct when the interval between exposure and outcome is a long time period.

Describe how research through the Nurses Health Studies contributes to evidence-based practice.

Describe different types of studies used in observational and experimental studies in epidemiology.

A case-control study was needed to determine an association between the exposure (tobacco) and outcome (lung disease). If the control group (non-smokers) has the same incidences of lung cancer as the smoking group, which additional factor may be a contributor to the disease?

In a _________ study, the same person is used as both a case and control.

The nurse in an industrial clinic is presenting a plan to the company administration regarding hearing loss among factory workers. The goal is to compare hearing loss with ear protection to hearing loss without hearing protection. Which type of study will give the nurse the most immediate results?

Describe the strengths and limitations in observational studies.

The original Nurse's Health Study (NHS) was initiated in 1976. For which reason did the study retain 94% of the original participants?